Pattern and outcome of admissions to neonatal unit of Khyber teaching hospital, Peshawar

To determine the number, disease pattern and outcome of admitted patients to neonatal unit. Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar N.W.F.P from 1st Jan, 2005 to 31st Dec, 2005. Data of all the neonatal admissions was recorded and analyzed for age, weight at the time of admission, sex, reason for admission, duration of hospital stay and final outcome of these patients. Their referral source was also determined. A total of 1694 neonates were admitted during the year 2005. Among them male were 1219[71.96%] and females were 475 [28.04%]. Maximum number of patients was admitted during 1st 24 hours of life. Majority 1056 [62.33%] were referred from hospitals and maternity homes along with 458 [27.03%] home deliveries. Low birth weight accounted for 41.20% of total admissions. Neonatal infections were the next commonest cause of neonatal admissions which includes sepsis [26.03%], pneumonia [1.71%] and Meningitis [1.18%], premature babies [26.50%], N.N.J [19.95%], and birth asphyxia [16.52%]. Other causes of neonatal admission were congenital heart disease [1.41%], meconium aspiration syndrome [1.18%], I.U.G.R [0.82%] and R.D.S [0.59%]. Among total admissions 1212 [71.54%] were sent home after their complete recovery, 252 [14.87%] expired, left against medical advise [L.A.M.A] 120 [7.08%] and discharged on their attendants request 107 [6.31%]. Pre-maturity, neonatal infection, neonatal jaundice and birth asphyxia were the main causes of neonatal admissions. Increased awareness for in time referral to tertiary level hospitals is mandatory by those health workers who conduct deliveries at private hospital /maternity homes as well as those who conduct deliveries at homes

To study the feeding pattern and response to drugs in infants with [infantile colic]

This study was conducted at the department of child health of Khyber teaching hospital Peshawar, from Jan 1[st] to Dec 31[st], 2oo4. Sixty patients with infantile colic were selected for the study after taking a detailed history and thorough examination, to rule out specific organic causes of excessive crying. They were divided into two groups on the basis of drugs given [semithicone and herbal drug]. Results were tabulated, compared with different studies and the following conclusions were made. A] Infantile colic occurs commonly from two weeks to 5 months of age. B] Infantile colic seems to be less common in breast fed as compared to bottle fed infants. C] Drugs have very little role in the treatment of infantile colic

Pattern of congenital heart diseases in children at tertiary care center in Peshawar

To assess the age, sex distribution and relative frequency of congenital heart disease in children at tertiary care center in Peshawar, NWFP. Settings: Study was conducted in the department of Paediatric and Neonatology, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. Design: A study conducted over a period of two years from July 1997 to June 1999. One hundred and fifty children up to fifteen years of age with clinical suspicion of congenital heart disease were subjected to chest X-Ray and Electrocardiography while the final diagnosis was confirmed by Echocardiography. Out of 150 cases, 100 were males [66.66%] and 50 females [33.33%]. Sixty eight% of children with congenital heart disease presented at age less than 5 years and only 2% at age above 10 years. Two-third of the total children had acyanotic cardiac lesions. Ventricular septal defect followed by aortic stenosis, mild pulmonary stenosis, patent ductus arteriosus and atrioventricular septal defect were the commonest acyanotic congenital heart lesions. Tetralogy of Fallot followed by transposition of great arteries and tricuspid atresias were the commonest cyanotic congenital heart lesions. Majority of patient with congenital heart disease detected in a tertiary care center have non-cyanotic CHD. TOF is the commonest cyanotic lesion and VSD non-cyanotic lesion. In order to avoid complications, early detection of congenital heart disease is of utmost importance for proper management. This can be achieved by examining newborns in maternity units, postnatal clinics, special care baby units, immunization centers, primary health care units and at school entry. 2D echo with Doppler examination forms the gold standard for diagnosis