ABSTRACT
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection disrupt the innate immunity response, which may play an important role in the chronic mechanism, while retinoic acid-induced gene I (RIG-I) mediated signaling pathway is one of the most important channel in the innate immunity. HBx and HBV polymerase may disrupt RIG-I mediated signaling pathway. The recent advances about HBV and RIG-I are reviewed in this article.
Subject(s)
Humans , DEAD Box Protein 58 , DEAD-box RNA Helicases , Metabolism , Gene Products, pol , Metabolism , Hepatitis B , Allergy and Immunology , Immunity, Innate , Allergy and Immunology , Signal Transduction , Trans-Activators , MetabolismABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the brain of rats after the experimental brain contusion. METHODS: A total of twenty-six Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n=2), untreated group (n=8) and ginsenoside Rg1 group (n=16). Brain injuries were induced in rats by a mechanical striking device. The brain tissues were extracted at different times after brain injury (6th hour, 12th hour, 2nd day, 6th day), then the expression of IGF-1 in brain tissue was examined by immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: In comparison with the normal control group, the expression of IGF-1 in the brain tissues was increased in the untreated group after the brain contusion (P<0.05). The expression of IGF-1 in brain tissues in ginsenoside Rg1 group was significantly increased as compared with the untreated group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Ginsenoside Rg1 enhances the recovery of the contused brain through increasing the expression of IGF-1.
ABSTRACT
Timing of death is one of the important problems in forensic pathologic practice.Using histochemical methods,the authors observed the enzyme activity changes ofPPr,CCo,ACP,ANAE,LDH,SDH,G6PD,NADHD,G-6-Pase and ATPase inmice liver cells at 0,6,12,24,48,72 hours postmortem(HPM) at the environmen-tal temperature 4℃ and 20℃.The results showed that at 20℃,PPr activity dec-reased markedly at 6 HPM,LDH and ATPase activity decreased at 48 HPM anddisappeared at 72 HPM.The another seven enzymes still showed good enzyme acti-vity at 72 HPM.The authors supposed that the results are significant for timingof postmortem duration.