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1.
Protein & Cell ; (12): 52-68, 2024.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1010786

ABSTRACT

Here, we report a previously unrecognized syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder associated with biallelic loss-of-function variants in the RBM42 gene. The patient is a 2-year-old female with severe central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities, hypotonia, hearing loss, congenital heart defects, and dysmorphic facial features. Familial whole-exome sequencing (WES) reveals that the patient has two compound heterozygous variants, c.304C>T (p.R102*) and c.1312G>A (p.A438T), in the RBM42 gene which encodes an integral component of splicing complex in the RNA-binding motif protein family. The p.A438T variant is in the RRM domain which impairs RBM42 protein stability in vivo. Additionally, p.A438T disrupts the interaction of RBM42 with hnRNP K, which is the causative gene for Au-Kline syndrome with overlapping disease characteristics seen in the index patient. The human R102* or A438T mutant protein failed to fully rescue the growth defects of RBM42 ortholog knockout ΔFgRbp1 in Fusarium while it was rescued by the wild-type (WT) human RBM42. A mouse model carrying Rbm42 compound heterozygous variants, c.280C>T (p.Q94*) and c.1306_1308delinsACA (p.A436T), demonstrated gross fetal developmental defects and most of the double mutant animals died by E13.5. RNA-seq data confirmed that Rbm42 was involved in neurological and myocardial functions with an essential role in alternative splicing (AS). Overall, we present clinical, genetic, and functional data to demonstrate that defects in RBM42 constitute the underlying etiology of a new neurodevelopmental disease which links the dysregulation of global AS to abnormal embryonic development.


Subject(s)
Female , Animals , Mice , Humans , Child, Preschool , Intellectual Disability/genetics , Heart Defects, Congenital/genetics , Facies , Cleft Palate , Muscle Hypotonia
2.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica ; (12): 1475-1483, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-978707

ABSTRACT

Artesunate possesses the potential of intervening with glioma, however, its pharmacological mechanisms remain unclarified. Firstly, the effects of artesunate on cell activity, proliferation and apoptosis of U87 and U251 human glioma cells were explored. It was found that artesunate exerted stronger inhibitory effects on the activity and proliferation of U87 cells than U251 cells. It could significantly promote apoptosis in U87 cells (P < 0.05), while only high dose of artesunate can promote that of U251 cells (P < 0.01), detected by Hoechst and TUNEL cell apoptosis staining. Further, the differential expression gene sets between artesunate-sensitive and non-sensitive cell line, as well the therapeutic effects-related genes of artesunate were obtained through transcriptome sequencing and differential data analysis by using the lysates of U87 and U251 cells before and after artesunate treatment, aiming to explore the molecular mechanism of distinct artesunate sensitivity to two types of cells. Then, key putative targets that related to therapeutic effects were screened by constructing the interaction network of differential genes of three above comparison groups, and calculating their topological characteristics. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that those key putative targets were significantly enriched in several signaling pathways that were closely associated with the main pathological changes of glioma, among which apoptosis-related activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)-DNA damage induced transcript 3 (DDIT3)- polyadenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1) signaling axis was the most enriched in. Molecular docking indicated that artesunate had fine binding affinities with ATF4 and DDIT3. Above all, this study preliminarily revealed that ATF4-DDIT3-PARP1 signaling axis is the target pathway of artesunate intervening with U87 glioma cells, and PARP1 may be an important gene for U251 cells to develop resistance to artesunate. Our results not only provide fundamental experimental evidence for artesunate as a potential therapeutic drug in glioma treatment, but shed light into overcoming drug resistance in its clinical therapy.

3.
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae ; (24): 123-132, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-975164

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo obtain high-quality chloroplast genome information on Stemona tuberosa and clarify its structure, sequence features, and phylogenetic status. MethodThe Illumina NovaSeq 6000 and PacBio RS Ⅱ platforms were used for library construction and sequencing of S. tuberosa, respectively. The data from both sequencing platforms were combined and subjected to bioinformatics analysis for genome assembly and base correction, resulting in a high-quality chloroplast genome. Subsequently, sequence features, repetitive sequences, gene diversity, and phylogeny were analyzed. ResultThe chloroplast genome size of S. tuberosa was determined to be 154 379 bp. The structure of the chloroplast genome followed the typical quadripartite circular form, consisting of a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRs) with a length of 27 074 bp, a small single-copy region (SSC) of 17 924 bp, and a large single-copy region (LSC) of 82 307 bp. The average GC content was 37.86%. A total of 121 genes were annotated, including 30 tRNA genes, four rRNA genes, and 87 protein-coding genes. Among them, six tRNA genes and 12 protein-coding genes contained introns. In the chloroplast genome of S. tuberosa, 49 long repetitive sequences and 59 single-nucleotide simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified. Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes among four Stemona species revealed high diversity in the ycf1 and ndhF genes. The phylogenetic tree constructed based on the chloroplast genome showed consistent classification with the current taxonomic status of S. tuberosa. ConclusionThe high-quality chloroplast genome of S. tuberosa was successfully assembled, providing valuable information on the structure and sequence features of chloroplast genomes in four Stemona species, including S. tuberosa. These findings lay a foundation for the identification, evolution, and phylogenetic studies of medicinal plants in the genus Stemona.

4.
Journal of Experimental Hematology ; (6): 1676-1683, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1010022

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the efficacy and survival of venetoclax based (VEN-based) regimen in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia(AML).@*METHODS@#A retrospective study was conducted in patients who received VEN-based regimen and completed at least 1 course of efficacy evaluation at the The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from July 2019 to July 2022. The incidence of complete remission (CR)/CR with incomplete hematologic recovery (CRi) rate, objective remission rate(ORR) and survival of patients with different risk strati- fication and gene subtypes were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#A total of 79 patients were enrolled, including 43 patients with newly diagnosed unfit AML (unfit AML) and 36 relapsed/refractory AML (R/R AML). The median age of the patients was 62(14-83) years old. 36 out of 79 patients achieved CR/CRi and the ORR of the whole cohort was 64.6%. The CR/CRi rate of unfit AML patients was significantly higher than that of R/R AML patients (60.5% vs 27.8%, P=0.004). In unfit AML cohort, the patients with NPM1 and IDH1/2 mutations were benefited, 8 out of 9 patients ahcieved CR/CRi, 7/8 and 5/8 patients achieved minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity, respectively. Six out of 9 patients with TET2 mutation achieved CR/CRi, 3/6 patients achieved MRD negativity. In R/R AML cohort, 2 out of 3 patients with RUNX1 mutation achieved CR/CRi, without MRD negative, while the CR/CRi rate of patients with other gene mutations was lower than 40%. The median follow-up time was 10.1(95%CI: 8.6-11.6) months. In whole cohort, the median overall survival (mOS) time was 9.1 months and the relapse free survival (RFS) time was not reached. The mOS and RFS of unfit AML patients were significantly longer than those of R/R AML patients (14.1 vs 6.8 months, P=0.013; not reached vs 3.3 months, P=0.000). In unfit AML cohort, the mOS of patients with NPM1 or IDH1/2 mutations was not reached, while that of patients without NPM1 or IDH1/2 mutations was 8.0 months (P=0.009; P=0.022). Furthermore, the mOS of patients with TP53 mutaion was significantly shorter than that of patients without TP53 mutation (5.2 vs 14.1 months, P=0.049). In R/R AML cohort, there was no significant difference in mOS between patients with mutation in each gene subtype and those without gene mutation (P>0.05). All patients had hematology adverse reactions, 91.1% patients had AE grade≥3. The most common non-hematology adverse reactions was infection, with an incidence of 91.1%. VEN-based regimen was tolerable for AML patients.@*CONCLUSION@#VEN-based regimen can achieve a high response rate, especially in unfit AML with acceptable safety, and some patients can achieve MRD negative. It is also effective in NPM1-, IDH1/2-positive patients with long survival time.


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Retrospective Studies , Nucleophosmin , Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/adverse effects , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics , Recurrence , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
5.
International Eye Science ; (12): 1907-1910, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-996908

ABSTRACT

Myopia is one of the main causes of visual impairment. In recent years, the incidence of myopia has been increasing. Effective prevention and control of myopia is essential for maintaining patients' visual function and quality of life. With the continuous development of computer technology and big data acquisition, artificial intelligence(AI)is developing rapidly in the field of medical and health care. Machine learning and deep learning are gradually emerging in the field of myopia prevention and control. Through the AI model formed by training the diopter, axial length, color fundus photography, optical coherence tomography and other myopia-related data, with the help of remote medical platform, AI has played a positive role in the occurrence, progress prediction and monitoring of myopia, early warning of pathological myopia, prevention and treatment of myopia and ophthalmological telemedicine. This paper mainly reviews the research progress of AI in the field of myopia prevention and control, aiming to provide a new direction for the prevention and control of myopia in the future.

6.
Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine ; (12): 84-87, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-994392

ABSTRACT

The study aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of rituximab in the treatment of 23 cases of lupus nephritis and explore the prospect of half-dose rituximab in lupus nephritis treatment. Twenty-three patients with lupus nephritis hospitalized in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology at the First Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital from May 2013 to December 2021 were selected. Eighteen patients received rituximab 375 mg/m 2 on the first and 14th days, 5 patients received 500 mg of rituximab on the first and 14th days, and rituximab was used as needed 6 months later. Methylprednisolone (80-120 mg) was given together with rituximab. Afterward, 1 mg/kg prednisone was used for 4 weeks, which was progressively tapered to maintenance doses or discontinued. B lymphocyte level, renal function, 24-h urine protein level, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease activity index 2000 (SLEDAI2K) score before and after treatment were recorded. The efficacy and adverse reactions were analyzed. The results showed that 11 patients suffered from renal insufficiency [creatinine (162.7±58.6) μmol/L ] at baseline, while the creatinine level of 9 patients returned to normal 12 months after the treatment [ (66.3±10.1)μmol/L ]. Normal renal function of the other 12 patients was maintained during treatment. After 12 months, the 24-h urine protein level decreased from 4.00 (2.00,6.80) g in the baseline period to 0.10 (0.08,0.40) g. SLEDAI2K score decreased from 22 (18,26) in the baseline period to 3 (0,6) 12 months after the treatment. The B lymphocyte level reached 0.00 (0.00,0.01)% at 3 months. Of 23 patients, 13 patients achieved complete remission, and 7 patients achieved partial remission after 6 months of rituximab treatment. Five patients experienced adverse reactions related to rituximab, including 1 case of transfusion reaction, 1 case of perioral herpes with pulmonary infection, and 3 cases of decreased IgG levels. Therefore, rituximab regimen used in this study can be an effective treatment strategy for lupus nephritis.

7.
International Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine ; (6): 1011-1019, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-989730

ABSTRACT

Objective:To study the active components and their potential mechanism of Yanghe Decoction for the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis (CO) via the methods of network pharmacology and molecular docking.Methods:Active components and action targets of Yanghe Decoction were screened from TCMSP, BATMAN-TCM and relevant literature. GeneCards, OMIM, DisGeNET, and PharmGKB databases were used to predict the targets for the CO. Cytoscape 3.8.0 software and STRING database were used to build the networks of "Chinese materia medica-active components-potential targets" and "protein-protein interaction", and according to topological parameters in the network, the core active components as well as Hub genes were screened. MCODE plug was used to accomplish clustering analysis of protein modules in PPI network. Then, intersection targets were enriched and analyzed by GO and KEGG in KOBAS database. Finally, molecular docking was carried out with the help of Autodock tool platform to predict the binding ability between the main active components and key targets.Results:A total of 120 active components of Yanghe Decoction and 402 targets were obtained; 1 464 CO-related targets were screened, and there were 103 intersection target genes of Yanghe Decoction-CO, 110 active components related to intersection targets, which mainly contained some flavonoids and Phytosterols, such as quercetin, Kaempferol, and Beta-Sitosterol. There were 9 Hub genes, including TNF, IL6, AKT1, etc., and 4 protein modules which involved the regulation of immune inflammatory response, vascular microcirculation, bone development, and formation, material synthesis and metabolism and other physiological processes. 193 signaling pathways and 1 552 GO results were acquired in KOBAS database. Molecular docking results showed that the active compounds had good binding activity with key targets based on the minimum binding energy of less than - 5 kcal/mol.Conclusion:The mechanism in the treatment of CO with Yanghe Decoction is a complex process of multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways. It mainly regulates targets such as TNF, IL-6, CXCL8, VEGFA, and AKT1 through pathways such as TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, and Toll-like receptors, participating in local inflammatory reactions, microcirculation, and bone cell metabolism in chronic osteomyelitis, and interfering with the immune escape mechanism of pathogenic bacteria.

8.
Journal of Geriatric Cardiology ; (12): 779-787, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1010209

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND@#The benefits of healthy lifestyles are well recognized. However, the extent to which improving unhealthy lifestyles reduces cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk needs to be discussed. We evaluated the impact of lifestyle improvement on CVD incidence using data from the China-PAR project (Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China).@*METHODS@#A total of 12,588 participants free of CVD were followed up for three visits after the baseline examination. Changes in four lifestyle factors (LFs) (smoking, diet, physical activity, and alcohol consumption) were assessed through questionnaires from the baseline to the first follow-up visit. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The risk advancement periods (RAPs: the age difference between exposed and unexposed participants reaching the same incident CVD risk) and population-attributable risk percentage (PAR%) were also calculated.@*RESULTS@#A total of 909 incident CVD cases occurred over a median follow-up of 11.14 years. Compared with maintaining 0-1 healthy LFs, maintaining 3-4 healthy LFs was associated with a 40% risk reduction of incident CVD (HR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.45-0.79) and delayed CVD risk by 6.31 years (RAP: -6.31 [-9.92, -2.70] years). The PAR% of maintaining 3-4 unhealthy LFs was 22.0% compared to maintaining 0-1 unhealthy LFs. Besides, compared with maintaining two healthy LFs, improving healthy LFs from 2 to 3-4 was associated with a 23% lower risk of CVD (HR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.60-0.98).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Long-term sustenance of healthy lifestyles or improving unhealthy lifestyles can reduce and delay CVD risk.

9.
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica ; (24): 1597-1605, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-970632

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether chrysin reduces cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury(CIRI) by inhi-biting ferroptosis in rats. Male SD rats were randomly divided into a sham group, a model group, high-, medium-, and low-dose chrysin groups(200, 100, and 50 mg·kg~(-1)), and a positive drug group(Ginaton, 21.6 mg·kg~(-1)). The CIRI model was induced in rats by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion(tMCAO). The indexes were evaluated and the samples were taken 24 h after the operation. The neurological deficit score was used to detect neurological function. The 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride(TTC) staining was used to detect the cerebral infarction area. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and Nissl staining were used to observe the morphological structure of brain tissues. Prussian blue staining was used to observe the iron accumulation in the brain. Total iron, lipid pero-xide, and malondialdehyde in serum and brain tissues were detected by biochemical reagents. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR), immunohistochemistry, and Western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein expression of solute carrier fa-mily 7 member 11(SLC7A11), transferrin receptor 1(TFR1), glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4), acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4(ACSL4), and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2) in brain tissues. Compared with the model group, the groups with drug intervention showed restored neurological function, decreased cerebral infarction rate, and alleviated pathological changes. The low-dose chrysin group was selected as the optimal dosing group. Compared with the model group, the chrysin groups showed reduced content of total iron, lipid peroxide, and malondialdehyde in brain tissues and serum, increased mRNA and protein expression levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4, and decreased mRNA and protein expression levels of TFR1, PTGS2, and ACSL4. Chrysin may regulate iron metabolism via regulating the related targets of ferroptosis and inhibit neuronal ferroptosis induced by CIRI.


Subject(s)
Rats , Male , Animals , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Ferroptosis , Signal Transduction , Brain Ischemia/metabolism , Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism , RNA, Messenger , Cerebral Infarction , Reperfusion Injury/metabolism , Malondialdehyde , Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
10.
China Pharmacy ; (12): 156-160, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-959740

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of Wubao capsule on airway inflammation in asthmatic model mice by regulating upstream and downstream cytokines of type Ⅱ innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). METHODS Totally 40 female BABL/c mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, positive control group (dexamethasone 1 mg/kg), Wubao capsule low-dose and high-dose groups (0.5, 1 g/kg), with 8 mice in each group. Asthma models were induced by ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and nebulization. Each group was given normal saline or drug intragastrically for 7 consecutive days. The contents of IgE and OVA-IgE in serum, the contents of interleukin 5 (IL-5), IL-9, IL-13, IL-25, IL-33, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined by ELISA. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of lung tissues in mice. PAS staining was used to observe the changes of goblet cell proliferation in each group. The number of ILC2s in lung tissue was determined by flow cytometry (except for Wubao capsule low-dose group). RESULTS Compared with model group, the contents of IgE and OVA-IgE in serum and the contents of IL-5, IL-9, IL-13, IL-25, IL-33, TSLP and MUC5AC in BALF were significantly reduced in Wubao capsule high-dose and low-dose groups (P<0.01). The infiltration of inflammatory cells and the thickening of basement membrane in lung tissue was alleviated to varying degrees, and the proliferation of goblet cells was inhibited; the number of ILC2s in lung tissues of mice in Wubao capsule high-dose group was significantly reduced (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Wubao capsule could effectively reduce the number of ILC2s in lung tissue, the contents of upstream and downstream cytokines of ILC2s in BALF of asthmatic model mice, so as to inhibit the airway inflammation and improve asthma.

11.
Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin ; (12): 1696-1704, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1013715

ABSTRACT

Aim To elucidate the effect of corilagin (Cor) on cholesterol metabolism in macrophages and the underlying mechanism. Methods Molecular docking was applied to predict the protein target of Cor on cellular cholesterol metabolism. The RAW264.7 macrophage foam model induced by 80 mg • L

12.
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics ; (12): 36-42, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-970233

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the outcomes including major complications and prognosis of extremely preterm infants with gestational age ≤25+6 weeks. Methods: The cross-sectional study enrolled 233 extremely preterm infants with gestational age ≤25+6 weeks who were admitted to the Department of Neonatology of Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital from January 2015 to December 2021. The clinical data including perinatal factors, treatments, complications, and prognosis were extracted and analyzed. These extremely preterm infants were also grouped according to gestational age and year of admission to further analyze their survival rate, major complications, causes of death, and long-term outcomes. The comparisons between the groups were performed with Chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis. Results: Among these 233 extremely preterm infants, 134 (57.5%) were males and 99 (42.5%) females. The gestational age was (24.6±0.9) weeks, the birth weight was 710.0 (605.0,784.5) g, and the overall survival rate was 61.8% (144/233). Among the surviving extremely preterm infants, the earliest gestational age was 22+2 weeks and the lowest birth weight was 390 g. There were 17.6% (41/233) of extremely preterm infants had treatment withdrawn and were discharged in line with the will of guardians. Among the rest 192 extremely preterm infants managed with aggressive treatments, 14 (7.3%) died in hospital and 34 (17.7%) had treatment withdrawn later due to severe complications. Of the 192 extremely preterm infants, 144 (75.0%) survived, and the survival rate increased year by year (χ2=26.28, P<0.001) while the mortality decreased year by year (χ2=14.09, P=0.027). Among the survivors, 20.8%(30/144) had no major complications, and the incidence of complications was also negatively related with the gestational age (χ2=7.24, P=0.044), and the length of invasive ventilation was negatively related to the gestational age (χ2=29.14, P<0.001). In the group of less than 23+6 weeks, all extremely preterm infants had one or more major complications. The follow-up were completed in 122 infants and revealed that delayed motor development, language retardation, and hearing and vision impairment accounted for 17.2% (21/122), 8.2% (10/122) and 17.2% (21/122), respectively. Conclusions: Extremely preterm infants with gestational age ≤25+6 weeks are difficult to treat, but the survival rate of infants undergoing aggressive treatments increases year by year. Although the prevalence of major complications is still high, most extremely preterm infants have acceptable prognosis during follow-up.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Pregnancy , Birth Weight , Cross-Sectional Studies , Gestational Age , Infant, Extremely Premature , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies
13.
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine ; (12): 154-158, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-969860

ABSTRACT

More studies show that various diseases, especially chronic non-infectious diseases, have developmental origin. Developmental origins of diseases are mainly due to gametes and early life development stage being exposed to adverse environment, resulting in abnormal modification of epigenetic and stable inheritance to the adult stage, which could make the risk of various long-term diseases of individuals high. The theory of developmental origin provides a new perspective for the occurrence and development of diseases, and also provides a theoretical basis for disease prevention. Attaching importance to maternal and child health care and life-cycle management is conducive to the prevention of developmental diseases and is of great significance to the improvement of population quality.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Epigenesis, Genetic , Chronic Disease , Noncommunicable Diseases/genetics
14.
International Eye Science ; (12): 578-581, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-965780

ABSTRACT

The incidence of myopia is gradually on the rise worldwide, which seriously affects the eye health of teenagers and children, causing enormous loss of socioeconomic benefits. As a result, the prevention and control of myopia is crucial and urgent. In recent years, orthokeratology lens have gradually demonstrated its superiority in the field of myopia prevention and control. At present, the principle of controlling the development of myopia by orthokeratology lens is mainly based on the theory of retinal hyperopia optical defocus, which promotes the shift of hyperopic defocus to myopic defocus in myopic patients to curb the growth of the axial length. The effect of controlling the development of myopia is related to various factors, including the total amount of defocusing, pupil diameter, optical zone design, and lens decentration. The widespread use of orthokeratology lenses will effectively reduce the incidence of myopia in teenagers and children. This paper discusses the principle of controlling the development of myopia by the defocus technique of orthokeratology lenses, and the relationship between the amount of defocusing and the position of the defocusing circle and the effect of myopia prevention and control. A specific review was conducted to clarify the research progress on defocus technique of orthokeratology lens in the prevention and control of myopia.

15.
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences ; (12): 1113-1122, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1007891

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to investigate the association between fruit and vegetable intake and arterial stiffness.@*METHODS@#We conducted a cohort-based study comprising 6,628 participants with arterial stiffness information in the Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China (China-PAR) project. A semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire was used to assess baseline (2007-2008) and recent (2018-2021) fruit and vegetable intake. We assessed changes in fruit and vegetable intake from 2007-2008 to 2018-2021 in 6,481 participants. Arterial stiffness was measured using the arterial velocity-pulse index (AVI) and arterial pressure-volume index (API). Elevated AVI and API values were defined according to diverse age reference ranges.@*RESULTS@#Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models revealed that every 100 g/d increment in fruit and vegetable intake was associated with a 0.11 decrease in AVI ( B= -0.11; 95% confidence interval [ CI]: -0.20, -0.02) on average, rather than API ( B = 0.02; 95% CI: -0.09, 0.13). The risk of elevated AVI (odds ratio [ OR] = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.97) is 18% lower in individuals with high intake (≥ 500 g/d) than in those with low intake (< 500 g/d). Furthermore, maintaining a high intake in the past median of 11.5 years of follow-up was associated with an even lower risk of elevated AVI compared with a low intake at both baseline and follow-up ( OR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.49, 0.83).@*CONCLUSION@#Fruit and vegetable intake was negatively associated with arterial stiffness, emphasizing recommendations for adherence to fruit and vegetable intake for the prevention of arterial stiffness.


Subject(s)
Humans , Vascular Stiffness , Fruit , Vegetables , Atherosclerosis , China
16.
Nutrition Research and Practice ; : 631-640, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1002577

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES@#Coffee is a complex chemical mixture, with caffeine being the most well-known bioactive substance. The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of coffee and caffeine impact health in various aspects, including the respiratory system. The objective is to investigate the effects of coffee and caffeine on airway hyperresponsiveness and allergic reactions, as well as to analyze and compare associated cytokine profiles.MATERIALS/METHODS: BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) and given OVA inhalation to induce airway hypersensitivity. Two weeks after sensitization, they were intragastrically gavaged with coffee or caffeine, both containing 0.3125 mg caffeine, daily for 4 weeks. Control mice were fed with double-distilled water. Serum OVAspecific antibody levels were measured beforehand and 5 weeks after the first gavage. Airway hyperresponsiveness was detected by whole body plethysmography after gavage. Cytokine levels of bronchoalveolar lavage and cultured splenocytes were analyzed. @*RESULTS@#Coffee effectively suppressed T helper 2-mediated specific antibody response.Airway responsiveness was reduced in mice treated with either coffee or caffeine. Compared to the control, coffee significantly reduced OVA-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgG1 and IgE antibody responses (P < 0.05). Caffeine also attenuated specific IgG and IgG1 levels, though IgE level was unaffected. Coffee significantly reduced interleukin (IL)-4 and increased IL-10 concentration in spleen cells and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (P < 0.05). @*CONCLUSIONS@#Coffee effectively attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness and systemic allergic responses induced by OVA food allergen in mice. As a complex composition of bioactive substances, coffee displayed enhanced immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects than caffeine.

17.
Chinese Journal of Surgery ; (12): 237-243, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-935606

ABSTRACT

Objective: To examine the clinical effect of acellular bovine pericardium patch in implant based immediate breast reconstruction. Methods: The clinicopathological information of 141 breast cancer patients, who admitted to Department of Breast Reconstruction and Oncoplastic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, underwent immediate mammoplasty with implants combined with acellular bovine pericardium patches were analyzed from June 2016 to October 2019. All patients were female, with the age of (38.8±8.5) years (range: 13 to 60 years). The body mass index was (21.9±2.5) kg/m2 (range: 16.0 to 32.3 kg/m2). There were 39 cases of duct carcinoma in situ, 46 cases of stage Ⅰ, 40 cases of stage Ⅱ and 16 cases of stage Ⅲ. All patients received nipple-areola-sparing mastectomy or skin-sparing mastectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy or axillary lymph node dissection, and prosthesis implantation with sub-pectoralis combined with breast patch. The correlation of clinicopathological characters and complications was assessed by t test, χ2 test, Fisher's exact probability method and Logistic regression. Pre-and post-operative aesthetic, quality of life scores were recorded. Results: The operation time (M(IQR)) was 3.6(1.5) hours (range: 3.0 to 6.5 hours). The early postoperative complication rate was 22.0% (31/141), prosthesis removal was the main postoperative complication, accounting for 64.5% (20/31) of the total complications, of which 15 cases occurred in the first 30 patients. The follow-up time was 28(8) months (range: 20 to 53 months), The most frequent long-term complications were capsular contracture and implant displacement, with the incidence of 11.2% (14/125) and 10.4% (13/125), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that prosthesis volume ≥300 ml (OR=8.173, 95%CI: 1.302 to 51.315, P=0.021) and peri-areolar incision (OR=7.809, 95%CI: 2.162 to 28.211, P<0.01) were independent relative factors for the occurrence of short-term postoperative local complications. After 2 years of operation, the score of breast appearance satisfaction was 71.7±15.5, postoperative effect satisfaction was 90.4±9.5, psychological satisfaction was 90.7±17.1, sexual satisfaction was 70.1±25.1. The immediate postoperative satisfaction rate at discharge was 95.4% (134/141), and 17.6% (22/125) of patients had the intention to received revision surgery. Conclusions: Prosthesis volume ≥300 ml and peri-areolar incision were independent realtive factors for short-term local complications after bovine pericardium patch combined with prosthesis implantation in the immediate breast reconstruction. After completing the learning curve, the postoperative complications of the procedure could be decreased.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Cattle , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Breast Implantation , Breast Implants , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Mammaplasty/methods , Mastectomy/methods , Pericardium/surgery , Quality of Life , Retrospective Studies
18.
Chinese Medical Journal ; (24): 409-415, 2022.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-927547

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND@#Concerns exist regarding the potential development of tuberculosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with biological and targeted drugs. We assessed systematically whether biological therapy increased the risk of tuberculosis in patients with RA by meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).@*METHODS@#A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and China Biology Medicine disc for RCTs evaluating biological therapy in patients with RA from inception through August 2021. Traditional meta-analysis and network meta-analysis were performed to compare the risk of tuberculosis for each biologics class in patients with RA. Peto odds ratio (Peto OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated as the primary effect measure.@*RESULTS@#In total, 39 studies with 20,354 patients were included in this meta-analysis, and 82 patients developed tuberculosis. The risk of tuberculosis was increased in patients treated with biologics compared with non-biologics (Peto OR: 3.86, 95% CI: 2.36-6.32, P < 0.001). Also, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitors had a higher probability of developing tuberculosis than placebo (Peto OR: 3.98, 95% CI: 2.30-6.88, P < 0.001). However, network meta-analysis demonstrated that there was no significant difference in the risk of tuberculosis for each biologics class in patients with RA. Noticeably, tuberculosis was significantly more common in patients treated with a high dose compared with patients receiving a low dose of tofacitinib (Peto OR: 7.39, 95% CI: 2.00-27.31, P = 0.003).@*CONCLUSION@#This meta-analysis demonstrates the evidence of an elevated risk of tuberculosis in patients with RA treated with TNF-α inhibitors, and a dose-dependent elevated risk of tuberculosis in patients treated with tofacitinib.


Subject(s)
Humans , Antirheumatic Agents/adverse effects , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy , Network Meta-Analysis , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Tuberculosis/drug therapy
19.
China Pharmacy ; (12): 1338-1342, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-924358

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE To study the improvement effects of different polar parts fro m total f lavonoids of Scutellaria amoena on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)model rats. METHODS The total flavonoids of S. amoena (SAF)were extracted by reflux extraction with ethanol ,suspended with water ,and then extracted with ethyl acetate and n-butanol in order to obtain the extraction parts of SAF (recorded as SAFA and SAFB respectively ). Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into normal group (n= 6)and modeling group (n=30). Modeling group was given high-lipid diet to induce NAFLD model. After modeling ,modeling group was randomly divided into model group (normal saline ),fenofibrate group (positive control ,20 mg/kg),SAF group (300 mg/kg),SAFA group (300 mg/kg)and SAFB group (300 mg/kg);they were given relevant intragastical administration ,once a day,for consecutive 6 weeks. After last administration ,the liver index was calculated ;the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol(TG),aspartate transaminase (AST),alanine transaminase (ALT),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in serum ,the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD),glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px),malondialdehyde(MDA),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in liver tissue were detected;the pathomorphological changes of liver tissue were observed. RESULTS Compared with normal group ,the liver index , the levels of TC ,TG,AST,ALT,LDL-C,MDA,IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in serum/liver tissue of model group were all increased significantly (P<0.05), while the levels of HDL-C,SOD and GSH-Px were all decreased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with model group ,except there was no statistical significance in the serum levels of HDL-C and ALT in SAFA group (P>0.05),above indexes in serum/liver tissue of rats in groups of polar parts from total flavonoids of S. amoena were significantly improved (P<0.05);inflammatory cell infiltration and fatty vacuoles in liver tissue were significantly improved. Compared with SAF group and SAFA group ,the levels of TC,TG,AST,MDA,IL-6 and TNF-α were decreased significantly in SAFB group(P<0.05),while the level of SOD was increased significantly (P<0.05);pathomorphological changes of liver tissue were improved more significantly. CONCLUSIONS Each polar part from total flavonoids of S. amoena can improve NAFLD by regulating oxidative stress and inhibiting the secretion of inflammatory factors. The n-butanol polar part has more obvious effect .

20.
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine ; (12): 333-342, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-941570

ABSTRACT

Objective: To explore the protective effects of anthrahydroquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AH 2 QDS) on the kidneys of paraquat (PQ) poisoned rats via the apelin-APJ pathway. Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four experimental groups: control, PQ, PQ+sivelestat, and PQ+AH 2 QDS. The PQ+sivelestat group served as the positive control group. The model of poisoning was established via intragastric treatment with a 20% PQ pesticide solution at 200 mg/kg. Two hours after poisoning, the PQ+sivelestat group was treated with sivelestat, while the PQ+AH 2 QDS group was given AH 2 QDS. Six rats were selected from each group on the first, third, and seventh days after poisoning and dissected after anesthesia. The PQ content of the kidneys was measured using the sodium disulfite method. Hematoxylin-eosin staining of renal tissues was performed to detect pathological changes. Apelin expression in the renal tissues was detected using immunofluorescence. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of the following proteins in the kidney tissues: IL-6, TNF-α, apelin-APJ (the apelin-Angiotensin receptor), NF-κB p65, caspase-1, caspase-8, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), and the C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). In in vitro study, a PQ toxicity model was established using human tubular epithelial cells treated with standard PQ. Twenty-four hours after poisoning, sivelestat and AH 2 QDS were administered. The levels of oxidative stress in human renal tubular epithelial cells were assessed using a reactive oxygen species fluorescence probe. Results: The PQ content in the kidney tissues of the PQ group was higher than that of the PQ+AH 2 QDS group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed extensive hemorrhage and congestion in the renal parenchyma of the PQ group. Vacuolar degeneration of the renal tubule epithelial cells, deposition of crescent-like red staining material in renal follicles, infiltration by a few inflammatory cells, and a small number of cast formation were also observed. However, these pathological changes were less severe in the PQ+sivelestat group and the PQ+AH 2 QDS group (P<0.05). On the third day after poisoning, immunofluorescence assay showed that the level of apelin in the renal tissues was significantly higher in the PQ+AH 2 QDS group than in the PQ group. Western blotting analysis results showed that IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB p65, caspase-1, caspase-8, GRP78, and CHOP protein levels in the PQ group were higher than in the PQ+AH 2 QDS group (P<0.05). The expression of apelin-APJ proteins in the PQ+AH 2 QDS group was higher than in the PQ+sivelestat and PQ groups (P<0.05); this difference was significant on Day 3 and Day 7. The level of oxidative stress in the renal tubular epithelial cells of the PQ+AH 2 QDS group and the PQ+sivelestat group was significantly lower than in the PQ group (P<0.05). Conclusions: This study confirms that AH 2 QDS has a protective effect on PQ-poisoned kidneys and its positive effect is superior to that of sivelestat. The mechanism of the protective effects of AH 2 QDS may be linked to reduction in cellular oxidative stress, PQ content of renal tissue, inflammatory injury, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis. AH 2 QDS may play a role in the treatment of PQ poisoning by upregulating the expression of the apelin-APJ.

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