ABSTRACT
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with high incidence rate and mortality worldwide. However, most patients are not suitable for radical treatment at the time of first diagnosis. As one of the important schemes for the treatment of HCC, one of the most representative drug is Sorafenib, which has certain survival benefits for HCC patients at different stages. However, the drug resistance of HCC to Sorafenib greatly limits its efficacy. So far, people have found that some natural substances, experimental agents and biological macromolecules can reverse the drug resistance of HCC to Sorafenib through tumor cell microenvironment, metabolism and other mechanisms. This article will summarize the above substances and their mechanism in order to provide research ideas for the improvement of Sorafenib′s treatment program.
ABSTRACT
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common malignant disease in the world and one of the main causes of cancer-related death. At present, the treatment of patients with advanced HCC is very limited, and as an important research direction of advanced cancer treatment in recent years, immunotherapy has achieved good results. Up to now, scholars have tested a variety of immunotherapy methods, and the use of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICIs) in the treatment of advanced cancer has made considerable progress. However, immunotherapy is still incurable for HCC, and the benefit of treatment is limited to a small number of patients. In the current context of liver cancer, one of the key research directions of oncology is to understand the biomarkers that predict the clinical response of immunotherapy, so as to improve patient selection, maximize clinical benefits and avoid unnecessary toxicity. Compared with tumor and surrounding tissue biomarkers, peripheral blood biomarkers play a unique role in clinical research and use because of their advantages of non-invasive detection. In this review, we summarize the peripheral blood biomarkers that play a key role in predicting the clinical response and prognosis of HCC patients.