ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE：To evaluate the efficiency of drug safety supervision in Guangdong priovince and provide optimization suggestion for improving the construction of drug safety supervision system. METHODS ：Taking 21 cities in Guangdong province as samples ， the supervision input （supervision funds investment ， supervision and inspection of enterprises）-output（the rate of administrative penalty and qualified rate of sampling inspection ）data were collected from 2017 to 2018. Super-efficiency data envelopment analysis （DEA）model and Malmqusit index were used to analyze the efficiency of drug safety supervision from both static and dynamic point of view. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：In static efficiency evaluation ， average drug safety supervision super-efficiency DEA in Guangdong province was 0.810，and the overall efficiency of drug safety supervision was in the low level ；among different cities ，there were obvious differences in supervision efficiency ；DEA values of only 5 cities（Shenzhen，Zhanjiang，Shaoguan，Qingyuan，Yangjiang）were higher than 1 and had achieved relatively effective results，while those of remaining cities were all invalid. In dynamic efficiency evaluation ，average Malmqusit index of drug safety supervision in Guangdong province was 0.787，which was decreased by 21.30％ in 2018 than 2017；the level of drug safety supervision in the whole province was declining ，and the main reason for the decline in the efficiency of drug safety supervision was technical backwardness ；technical efficiency played a promoter role in supervision efficiency to a certain extent. It is suggested that the efficiency improvement of drug safety supervision should further optimize resource allocation ，strengthen the level of supervision technical innovation ，expand the supervision scale ，and coordinate regional regulatory balance according to local conditions，so as to improve the construction of drug safety supervision system in Guangdong province.
ABSTRACT
Aim To investigate the influence of oxygen-free radical to erythrocyte immune adherent function after severe burns. Methods The erythrocyte's immune adherent function (RC3bRR and RICR) and the levels of SOD, Lpo-MDA, CAT, GSH-px and GSH were detected on 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days after severe burns, and then their correlations were analyzed. Results The rosette forming rate of erythrocyte C3b receptor (RC3bRR) in post-burn group was obviously lower than that in normal control group (P＜ 0.05～ 0.001), and erythrocyte immune complex rosette forming rate (RICR) of the burned patients was obviously higher than that of the healthy group(P＜ 0.001), but they gradually returned to normal four weeks after burn. Compared with healthy control group, the levels of SOD, CAT, GSH-px and GSH markedly declined(P＜ 0.05～ 0.001), while Lpo-MDA level notably increased(P＜ 0.05～ 0.001), but their recovery needed at least three weeks. RC3bRR was positively correlated with the levels of SOD, CAT, GSH-px and GSH, and was negatively correlated with Lpo-MDA. Correlation of RICR was contrary to that of RC3bRR. Conclusion The degree of the free radical injury may directly influence the erythrocyte membrane function, especially the erythrocyte immune adherent. It is necessary to reducing the production of free radicals and enhacing patient's erythrocyte immune function during burn treatment.