Does body mass index affect survival and technique failure in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis?

To investigate effect of body mass index [BMI] on survival and technique failure in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis [PD]. In this retrospective study three hundred ninety-two consecutive patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis from September 1995 to January 2013 were included. Median PD duration was 53 [range: 4-189] months. Clinical outcomes were mortality and technique failure. Technique failure was defined as transfer to hemodialysis [HD] due to peritonitis, ultrafiltration failure, inadequate dialysis, exit-site and/or tunnel infection, and mechanical problems. Deaths within 3 months after transferring to HD were accepted as PD-related mortalities. The patient and technique survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Mortality risks were analyzed using the multivariate Cox regression model in which we included [in a backward-wald manner] all the significant variables from the univariate analysis. There were 164 [41.8%] deaths. Forty-six [11.7%] patients underwent renal transplantation whereas 132 [33.7%] patients were transferred to HD. The multivariate Cox regression analysis found that the patient survival rates were significantly associated with age, BMI, baseline serum creatinine and albumin levels, and total Kt/Vurea. All variables as potential risk factors for the patient survival were also assessed for technique survival in univariate analysis and technique survival rates were significantly associated only with BMI [p: 0.015]. BMI was associated with unfavorable patient survival in PD patients

incidence of domestic violence, the causative factors and their effects on the family

The research was conducted among low socio-economic level families to determine the incidence of domestic violence and affecting factors. It is a descriptive study. The population of the research consisted of 1455 students at a primary school. According to the statements of the children, 22.6% of the fathers and 6.2% of the mothers used violence against their partners. About 46.3% of the children were exposed to violence from fathers and 51% from mothers. Father's being unemployed, father's use of alcohol and smoking, presence of a handicapped family member low economic status and being a young child-mother were the factors that affected domestic violence. We may conclude that domestic violence in the neighborhood was high. Most of the children were exposed to violence from both fathers and mothers