ABSTRACT
Resumen El ejercicio mejora la calidad y expectativa de vida y sus beneficios superan los riesgos asociados. Sin embargo, los atletas están expuestos al riesgo de muerte cardíaca súbita, cuya prevalencia es mayor que en personas sedentarias secundario a enfermedad cardíaca silente. La evaluación preparticipativa difiere en todos los países y representa un desafío para el médico al momento de tomar decisiones para considerar apta alguna persona para la práctica de ejercicio o deporte. Existen riesgos adicionales asociados a la práctica del entrenamiento de resistencia secundario a las adaptaciones cardiovasculares generadas, como el remodelamiento cardíaco, el cual puede llegar a ser patológico e incrementar el riesgo de arritmias y conducir así a una muerte cardíaca súbita. El objetivo principal de este artículo es proponer una evaluación preparticipativa en diferentes grupos etarios con base en la evidencia actual de la literatura para detectar y prevenir enfermedades cardiovasculares que conduzcan a muerte cardíaca súbita en el atleta durante su práctica deportiva.
Abstract Exercise improves quality of life and life expectancy, and its benefits outweigh its associated risks. However, athletes are at risk for sudden cardiac death, which occurs more frequently in them than in sedentary people, secondary to silent heart disease. Preparticipation evaluation varies by country and is a challenge for physicians in deciding whether to clear an individual for exercise or sports. Resistance training carries additional risks secondary to the cardiovascular adaptations it causes, such as cardiac remodeling, which may become pathological and increase the risk of arrhythmias, thus leading to sudden cardiac death. The main objective of this article is to propose a preparticipation evaluation in different age groups, based on current evidence in the literature for detecting and preventing cardiovascular diseases which can lead to sudden cardiac death in an athlete during sports practice.
ABSTRACT
Background: Rabies is an enzootic and epizootic disease worldwide. In India it is estimated that the number of death due to rabies may be 10 times more than those reported. There are many myths and false beliefs associated with dog bite. 99% of all human deaths due to rabies are occurring in the developing countries. The present study was conducted to study awareness and perception about dog bite cases in the rural area of Maharashtra. Objectives: 1) To determine the knowledge of people about dog bites. 2) To assess the awareness of people pertaining to rabies and anti-rabies vaccination. 3) To study the behavioural practices of people after the dog bites. Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural field practice area of a medical college, Pune, Maharashtra. Study was conducted with the help of pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire for the period of one month and people attending RHTC OPD were included in the study. All individuals above the age of 18 years were included in to the study. Informed consent was taken prior to conduct of the study. Results: Total 144 participants included in the study, 75 (52%) were females and rest were males 48%. Out of these 111 (77%) were aware about dog bite causes disease and among these 52 (46.8%) were aware that dog bite causes rabies. Among the participants, 138 (95.8%) were aware about the vaccine availability and 125 (90.5%) knew vaccine is available in Government Hospital. In the study 88% of dog bite victims received treatment. Conclusions: There is lack of awareness regarding dog bite and its management among the rural population.