Absence of neutralizing antibodies against the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant in convalescent sera from individuals infected with the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 virus or its Gamma variant

Abstract Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate if neutralizing antibody responses induced by infection with the SARS-CoV-2 strain that was dominant at the beginning of the pandemic or by the Gamma variant was effective against the Omicron variant. Methods: Convalescent sera from 109 individuals, never exposed to a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, who had mild or moderate symptoms not requiring hospitalization following either a documented SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain infection or a Gamma variant infection, were assayed for in vitro neutralizing antibody activity against their original strains and the Omicron variant. Results: Following an infection with the ancestral strain, 56 (93.3%), 45 (77.6%) and 1 (1.7%) serum sample were positive for neutralizing antibodies against the ancestral, Gamma variant, and Omicron variant, respectively. After infection with the Gamma variant, 43 (87.8%) and 2 (4.1%) sera were positive for neutralizing antibodies against the Gamma and Omicron variants, respectively. Conclusions: Neutralizing antibodies generated following mild or moderate infection with the SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain or the Gamma variant are not protective against the Omicron variant. HIGHLIGHTS Individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain do not develop neutralizing antibodies against the Omicron variant. Omicron variant escapes immune response after SARS CoV-2 previous infection with the SARS CoV-2 Gamma variant. Individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain or with SARS-CoV-2 Gamma variant will likely have little protection if subsequently exposed to the Omicron variant.

Imagem do plítico brasileira / A portray of the Brazilian politician

O estudo de estereótipos em relaçäo aos políticos tem sido negligenciado por parte dos psicólogos sociais. Neste estudo foi testada a hipótese de que prevalece, entre nós brasileiros, uma atitude negativa para com a classe política. Objetivos secundários da pesquisa foram a verificaçäo da possiblidade de utilizaçäo do telefone como meio de dados no Brasil e a correspondência entre respostas de estudantes universitários e as de membros de outros segmentos da populaçäo. Tomaram parte no estudo 533 sujeitos de ambos os sexos, residentes no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Destes, 273 foram contactados por telefone, através de escolha aleatória, e os demais eram universitários. Os resultados confirmaram a existência de uma visäo fortemente negativa do político brasileiro. Eles säo vistos como ambiciosos, insinceros, oportunistas, mal intencionados, irresponsáveis, incompetentes, etc.. Nenhum e Todos foram as respostas mais freqüentes para o político que mais se aproxima e o que mais se agasta, respectivamente, do ideal. O uso do telefone mostrou-se adequado e universitário e demais segmentos da populaçäo forneceram respostas semelhantes