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1.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 52: e20180236, 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-977116

ABSTRACT

Abstract In Brazil, meglumine antimoniate is the first drug of choice for mucosal leishmaniasis treatment followed by amphotericin B and pentamidine isethionate. We report the case of a patient with severe mucosal lesions caused by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis that were difficult to treat. Over a 14-year period, the patient showed low adherence and three treatment attempts with meglumine antimoniate failed. Additionally, there was an unsatisfactory response to liposomal amphotericin B and nephrotoxicity when using amphotericin B deoxycholate that persisted after new treatment attempt with liposomal amphotericin B. Finally, healing was achieved with pentamidine isethionate and maintained during nine months of monitoring.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Pentamidine/therapeutic use , Leishmania braziliensis/drug effects , Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous/drug therapy , Antiprotozoal Agents/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome , Middle Aged
2.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2014. xv,69 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-751645

ABSTRACT

Introdução: No Estado Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, a Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana (LTA) é causada por Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, cuja transmissão é dependente da adaptação do vetor Lutzomyia intermedia ao ambiente domiciliar e peri-domiciliar. A leishmaniose mucosa (LM) pode causar deformidades, com consequente envolvimento psicológico e reflexos no campo social e econômico. O Ministério da Saúde recomenda tratar os pacientes com LM com antimoniato de meglumina (AM) na dose de 20mg Sb5+/kg/dia durante 30 dias. Entretanto, alterações renais, cardíacas, hepáticas, pancreáticas e fatalidades têm sido relatadas. No Laboratório de Vigilância em Leishmanioses IPEC-Fiocruz, a dose de 5mgSb5+/kg/dia IM por no mínimo 30 dias tem sido eficaz e bem tolerada. Objetivo: Comparar a efetividade e a segurança entre o esquema padrão com AM e o esquema alternativo no tratamento de pacientes com LM. Métodos: Ensaio clínico controlado randomizado, duplo-cego e de fase III, em 20 pacientes com LM. Os indivíduos elegíveis foram alocados aleatoriamente em grupos, de alta dose 20mg Sb5+/kg/dia por 30 dias contínuos; e de baixa dose 5mg Sb5+/kg/dia continuado até a cura, com limite de 120 dias de tratamento. Os efeitos adversos foram monitorados por exame clínico, bioquímica, hemograma e eletrocardiogramaResultados: Dos 20 pacientes elegíveis, 3 foram excluídos por quebra do protocolo de tratamento. A idade nos 17 pacientes avaliados variou entre 35 e 77 anos, 94,4 por cento eram do gênero masculino e 94,1 por cento adquiriram a infecção na região sudeste. A cavidade nasal foi a localização mucosa mais frequente das lesões (82,4 por cento) e a obstrução nasal foi o sintoma mais frequente (64,7 por cento)...


Introduction: In Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, American tegumentaryleishmaniasis (ATL) is caused by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, whose transmission is dependent on the adaptation of the vector Lutzomyia intermedia to the home and peri-domestic environment. Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL) can cause deformities, with consequent psychological involvement andreflection on the social and economic fields. Brazilian Ministry of Healthrecommends treatment of the MCL patients with meglumine antimoniate (MA), 20mg Sb5+/kg/day during 30 days. However, there are reports of renal, cardiac, hepatic and pancreatic alterations, and even deaths. In the Laboratory of Leishmaniasis Surveillance of IPEC - Fiocruz, the dose of 5mg Sb5+/kg/day IMfor at least 30 days has been effective and well tolerated. Objective: Tocompare the effectiveness and safety between the standard scheme and analternative regimen with MA in the treatment of patients with MCL. Methods: Randomized controlled trial, double-blind, phase III, with 20 patients with MCL. Eligible subjects were randomly divided into groups of “high dose” (20mg Sb5+/kg/day for 30 consecutive days), and “low dose” (5mg Sb5+/kg/day continued until cure, with a limit of 120 days of treatment). Adverse effects were monitored by clinical examination, serum biochemistry, blood count andelectrocardiogram...


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Antimony , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous/epidemiology , Psychodidae , Otolaryngology
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