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1.
Campinas; s.n; dez. 2015. 63 p ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-831914

ABSTRACT

As etapas cruciais da carcinogênese cutânea incluem disfunção da proteína supressora tumoral p53 e angiogênese. A contribuição de tais eventos, individual e sinergicamente, ainda não está bem estabelecida na cascata de fenômenos que resultam no carcinoma espinocelular cutâneo. Objetivou-se avaliar a expressão imuno-histoquímica da p53, o índice proliferativo e a angiogênese nos estádios evolutivos do carcinoma espinocelular cutâneo, e investigar a relação da expressão da p53 com as demais variáveis. Foram estimadas as porcentagens de células imunomarcadas para p53 e Ki-67 em três grupos de cânceres: 30 queratoses solares, 30 carcinomas espinocelulares superficialmente invasores e 30 carcinomas espinocelulares invasores. O método Chalkley foi utilizado para quantificar a área microvascular, empregando-se marcador de neoangiogênese (CD105) e pan-endotelial (CD34) em cada grupo. A área microvascular em amostras marcadas pelo CD105 aumentou, significantemente, com a progressão do carcinoma espinocelular cutâneo. O mesmo não ocorreu com o uso do CD34. Contudo, nos três grupos (queratose solar, carcinoma espinocelular superficialmente invasor e invasor) encontrou-se aumento significante da área microvascular, com ambos os marcadores (CD34 e CD105), em comparação à respectiva pele adjacente. Não houve diferença significante na taxa de células positivas para p53 e Ki-67 entre os grupos. Encontrou-se correlação positiva e significante entre a área microvascular marcada pelo CD105 e o índice de marcação para a p53 no carcinoma espinocelular superficialmente invasor, bem como entre o índice de marcação para p53 e para o Ki-67 no carcinoma espinocelular invasor. A conversão angiogênica é um evento precoce no carcinoma espinocelular cutâneo, e a neovascularização é paralela à progressão do tumor. O uso do CD105 permite avaliar a atividade angiogênica no tumores escamosos. A angiogênese no estádio inicial da invasão e a atividade proliferativa na fase francamente invasora estão associadas com a expressão imuno-histoquímica da proteína p53. A perda da função supressora tumoral da p53, em etapas progressivas, atua diretamente na carcinogênese cutânea. (AU)


Multistep skin carcinogenesis crucially involves loss of function of p53 tumor suppressor protein and angiogenesis. The contribution of such events, individually and synergically, is not well established in the cascade of phenomena that results in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. We aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of p53, the proliferative index and angiogenesis in spectral stages of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, and investigate the relationship between p53 expression with the other variables. We estimated the percentages of immunostained cells for p53 and Ki-67 (proliferation marker) in three groups of cancer: 30 solar keratoses, 30 superficially invasive squamous cell carcinomas and 30 invasive squamous cell carcinomas. The Chalkley method was used to quantify the microvascular area by neoangiogenesis (CD105) and panendothelial (CD34) immunomarker in each group. The microvascular area in CD105-stained specimens significantly increased with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma progression. However, no differences between groups were found in CD34 sections. Solar keratosis, superficially invasive squamous cell carcinoma and invasive squamous cell carcinoma samples showed significant increases in microvascular area for both CD34- and CD105-stained specimens compared with the respective adjacent skin. There was no significant difference for the rate of p53- and Ki-67-positive cells between the groups. Significant positive correlation was found between the CD105 microvascular area and the rate of p53 positive cells in superficially invasive squamous cell carcinoma as well as between the rate of p53- and Ki-67-positive cells in invasive squamous cell carcinoma. The angiogenic switch is an early event in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, and the rate of neovascularization is parallel to tumor progression. In contrast to panendothelial markers, CD105 use allows evaluating angiogenic activity in squamous tumors. Neovascularization in the initial stage of invasion and proliferative activity in the frankly invasive stage were both associated with p53 immunoexpression. Loss of p53 tumor suppressor function through progressive steps is directly involved in skin carcinogenesis.(AU)


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 , Apoptosis , Biomarkers, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , Immunohistochemistry , Keratosis, Actinic , Ki-67 Antigen , Neovascularization, Pathologic
2.
J. bras. patol. med. lab ; 49(4): 267-272, Aug. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-697101

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Little is known about ethnic differences in the frequency of skin diseases, and even less in terms of Brazilian population, which is characterized by miscegenation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the distribution of skin disorders in black and Caucasian patients through pathological specimens. METHODS: 826 biopsies from black-skinned individuals and 1,652 from white-skinned patients were retrieved and studied from the files of the Pathology Department, UNICAMP Hospital within the period of 1993-2009. The clinical data were obtained from medical records and the results were tested by statistical methods. RESULTS: Non-melanoma cancer was the most frequent diagnosis in Caucasians (45%), differing from the frequency among black patients (8%), both arising in sun-exposed skin. Regarding topography and age, in white-skinned patients aged over 50 years, biopsies of "head and neck" prevailed. As to black patients, the disease predominated among female individuals aged from 15 to 50 years and in the genital area. In the comparative analysis of vulvar diseases, we observed differences in diagnoses of sexually transmitted diseases more common among black women. Excluding cancers and genital lesions, black patients had a higher percentage of infectious diseases. Among the non-infectious diseases, cutaneous lupus was the most frequent diagnosis in both groups. Lichen planus and drug reactions were more frequent in black patients. CONCLUSION: Apart from intrinsic differences among skin types, social factors may interfere in the distribution of diseases. Not only may these results be useful to public health programs, but they may also aid the approach to dermatological diseases in black skin patients.


INTRODUÇÃO: Pouco se conhece sobre as diferenças étnicas na frequência das doenças da pele e, menos ainda, na população brasileira, caracterizada pela miscigenação. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a distribuição das afecções da pele de indivíduos negros, comparativamente com a dos brancos, em material anatomopatológico. MÉTODOS: Foram estudadas 826 biópsias de indivíduos de pele negra e 1.652 dos de pele branca, obtidas do Departamento de Anatomia Patológica do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (HC-UNICAMP), entre 1993 e 2009. Os achados clínicos foram obtidos dos prontuários e os resultados testados por métodos estatísticos. RESULTADOS: O câncer não melanoma foi o diagnóstico mais frequente nos brancos (45%), diferindo, significantemente, da frequência nos negros (8%), assestando-se, em ambos, na pele exposta ao sol. Quanto à topografia e à idade, nos brancos predominavam biópsias da "cabeça e pescoço", na faixa acima dos 50 anos. Nos negros, as doenças predominavam entre 15 e 50 anos, no sexo feminino, na topografia dos genitais. À análise comparativa das doenças vulvares, observou-se diferença nos diagnósticos de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis mais frequentes nas mulheres negras. Excluindo-se os cânceres e a topografia genital, os negros apresentaram porcentagem maior de doenças infecciosas. Entre as doenças não infecciosas, o lúpus cutâneo foi a mais frequente nos dois grupos; o líquen plano e a farmacodermia foram mais frequentes nos negros. CONCLUSÃO: Além das diferenças intrínsecas de tipos de pele, fatores sociais podem atuar na distribuição das doenças. Esses resultados podem ser úteis, tanto para os programas de saúde pública quanto para a abordagem das doenças dermatológicas nos pacientes de pele negra.

3.
Clinics ; 66(3): 465-468, 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-585959

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the role of angiogenesis in the progression of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. INTRODUCTION: Angiogenesis is a pivotal phenomenon in carcinogenesis. Its time course in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma has not yet been fully established. METHODS: We studied the vascular bed in 29 solar keratoses, 30 superficially invasive squamous cell carcinomas and 30 invasive squamous cell carcinomas. The Chalkley method was used to quantify the microvascular area by comparing panendothelial (CD34) with neoangiogenesis (CD105) immunohistochemical markers. The vascular bed from non-neoplastic adjacent skin was evaluated in 8 solar keratoses, 10 superficially invasive squamous cell carcinomas and 10 invasive squamous cell carcinomas. RESULTS: The microvascular area in CD105-stained specimens significantly increased in parallel with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma progression. However, no differences between groups were found in CD34 sections. Solar keratosis, superficially invasive squamous cell carcinoma and invasive squamous cell carcinoma samples showed significant increases in microvascular area for both CD34- and CD105-stained specimens compared with the respective adjacent skin. DISCUSSION: The angiogenic switch occurs early in the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, and the rate of neovascularization is parallel to tumor progression. In contrast to panendothelial markers, CD105 use allows a dynamic evaluation of tumor angiogenesis. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the dependence of skin carcinogenesis on angiogenesis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/blood supply , Neovascularization, Pathologic/physiopathology , Skin Neoplasms/blood supply , Antigens, CD/analysis , /analysis , Cell Count , Keratosis, Actinic/pathology , Receptors, Cell Surface/analysis , Skin/blood supply
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