External Beam Radiotherapy Boosted With High Dose Rate Brachytherapy in Completely Resected Uterine Sarcomas. Is This a Treatment Option?

Uterine sarcoma (US) is a relative rare tumor, whichaccounts for only about 3-5% of all uterine cancers.Aggressive cytoreductive surgery at the time of the initialdiagnosis with maximum tumor debulking may lead toa prolonged survival or cure. OBJECTIVE: to identifyand review the role of adjuvante external beam radiationtherapy (EBRT) associated with high dose ratebrachytherapy (HDRB) in the management of patientspresenting US with complete resection. MATERIAL ANDMETHODS: this study is a retrospective analysis of 23patients with US treated from 10/92 to 03/03, withsurgery, external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) andhigh dose rate brachytherapy (HDRB). The inclusioncriteria for study participation included: histologicallyproven and graded US, completely resection of tumor,Karnofsky status 60–100, absence of significant infection,and recovery from recent surgery. RESULTS: The medianage of patients was 62 years (range 39-84); ten-yearactuarial disease-free and overall survivals were 42.2%and 63.4%, respectively. On univariate analysis,predictive factors for disease-free survival (DFS) wereage at initial presentation (p=0.0268), parity (p= 0.0441),tumor grade (p= 0.0095), cervical or vaginal invasion(p=0.0014) and node dissection at time of surgery (p=0.0471). On multivariate analysis, the only predictivefactor was cervical or vaginal invasion (p= 0.048), hazardratio of 4.7. CONCLUSION: it is quite likely that neitherradiotherapy nor chemotherapy alone will appreciablyimprove survival in US. If radiation therapy providesbetter locoregional tumor control, hematogenousmetastases will assume an even greater proportion oftreatment failures. Unfortunately, our small andheterogeneous group analyzed precludes any definitiveconclusions about the impact of HDRB associated to EBRTradiation therapy on recurrence or survival.

Chemotherapy versus best supportive care in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer, non metastatic to the brain

Stage IV non-small cell lung cancer is a fatal disease, with a median survival of 14 months. Systemic chemotherapy is the most common approach. However the impact in overall survival and quality of life still a controversy. OBJECTIVES: To determine differences in overall survival and quality of life among patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer non-metastatic to the brain treated with best supportive care versus systemic chemotherapy. PATIENTS: From February 1990 through December 1995, 78 eligible patients were admitted with the diagnosis of stage IV non-small cell lung cancer . Patients were divided in 2 groups: Group A (n=31 -- treated with best supportive care ), and Group B (n=47 -- treated with systemic chemotherapy). RESULTS: The median survival time was 23 weeks (range 5 -- 153 weeks) in Group A and 55 weeks (range 7.4 -- 213 weeks) in Group B (p=0.0018). In both groups, the incidence of admission for IV antibiotics and need of blood transfusions were similar. Patients receiving systemic chemotherapy were also stratified into those receiving mytomycin, vinblastin, and cisplatinum, n=25 and those receiving other combination regimens (platinum derivatives associated with other drugs, n=22). Patients receiving mytomycin, vinblastin, and cisplatinum, n=25 had a higher incidence of febrile neutropenia and had their cycles delayed for longer periods of time than the other group. These patients also had a shorter median survival time (51 versus 66 weeks, p=0.005). CONCLUSION: In patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer, non-metastatic to the brain, chemotherapy significantly increases survival compared with best supportive care

Actinic rectitis--the role of colostomy

From 4132 patients treated with radiation therapy due to gynecological malignancy from 1974 to 1988, 527 (12.75%) developed some grade of actinic rectitis with clinical manifestation. The authors analyzed the efficacy of colostomy in the management of 10 women with actinic rectitis grades I and II (Sherman classification) submitted to clinical treatment without response. Pelvic radiation therapy, clinical findings, proctoscopy and rectal biopsy were the basis for the diagnosis and staging of the actinic rectitis. All colostomies were made in the transverse colon and the median follow up from colostomy to last review was 53 months. Eight patients had complete remission of clinical findings after colostomy, but one had recurrence of symptoms 2 years later. One patient had incomplete remission but with clinical improvement and one patient had tumor recurrence. From 8 patients with complete clinical remission, 2 had the colostomies closed, but in 1 was restored 3 months later due to rectum-vaginal fistula