Comparison of the effects of sodium metavanadate and zinc sulfate supplementation on lipid and glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness causing considerable morbidity and mortality. Enormous advances have been made in medical care but more people are still having tendency to use herbal or alternative remedies. This study is a randomized, controlled trial on type 2 diabetic patients. The subject consisted of 60 patients divided randomly into three groups and supplemented daily with 100 mg sodium metavanadate and 660 mg zinc sulfate or placebo for six weeks. The following were checked at baseline of the study and after six weeks: Body Mass Index [BMI], Blood Pressure [BP], Fasting Blood Sugar [FBS], 2-h postprandial glucose [2hpp], Glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c], Triglyceride [TG], Total Cholesterol [TC], Low-Density Lipoproteins, and High-Density Lipoproteins. Also HbA1c, BMI and BP were measured after 12 weeks to evaluate the long-term effects of drugs. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 11.5. Data of continuous variables are expressed as means +/- standard deviation. Differences between groups were assessed by the paired T-test. Comparison between three groups was done by Post Hoc Tests. Mean age of patients was 51.39 +/- 8.60 years. The results of this study show a significant decrease in TG [P=0.01] and BMI [P=0.03]. After 12 weeks, there was a significant decrease in BMI [P=0.01] in Sodium metavanadate group. Due to zinc sulfate administration, significant decrease was seen in TG [P=0.005], TC [P=0.02], LDL [P=0.01] and systolic blood pressure [P=0.02]. After 12 weeks, there was a significant decrease in HbA1c [P=0.04] with zinc sulfate consumption. Consumption of zinc sulfate in type 2 diabetic patients could be effective in lipid profile. It is recommended to use another vanadium compound to achieve better results

Urinary calcium/creatinin ratio with different dosages of vitamin D3 prophylaxis in infants

The requirement of vitamin D for breast-fed term infants remains an area of controversy. Different dosage is needed according to environmental factors such as sunlight exposure. Reception of more than 400 I.U. of vitamin D daily produces hypercalcemia. A random urine calcium/creatinin ratio [UCa/Cr] is a screening test for detection of hypercalciuria. Setting adequate values of vitamin D3 prophylaxis by random UCa/Cr in infant population of Yazd city in Iran, is the aim of present study. A total of 90 healthy, full term newborns of both genders were enrolled in the study. They were divided equally into three receiving vitamin D3 prophylaxis groups as follow: [I] 200 IU/daily, [II] 400 IU/daily and [III] 50000 IU two times in fifteen and sixty days after birth. A random urine specimen from each subject was analyzed for calcium, creatinin and serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D at the end of three months of life. From all 90 studied infants, 25 [83.3%] infants with 200 IU/daily vitamin D3, 23 [76.7%] infants with 400 IU/daily vitamin D3 and 28 [93.3%] who received 50000 IU two times [76 infants, 84.4%] had hypercalciuria and 14 [15.6%] infants remained with low values of Ca/Cr ratios. According to high prevalence of hypercalciuria in this survey, it is recommended to evaluate the vitamin D level in infants and use proper amount of supplemented vitamin D. It seems that 200 IU/daily could be used in infants in our area

Outcomes and complications of strabismus surgery in Yazd, Iran / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate the results and complications of strabismus surgery in Yazd, Iran.METHODS: A total of 200 patients with strabismus disorder who consecutively undertook eye surgery during 10 years were evaluated for outcomes and complications through a historical cohort strategy design. Follow-up period was 6 months. Data were collected and analyzed by appropriate statistical tests.RESULTS: Patients comprised 98 female and 102 male with a mean age of 15.31±11.7 years. Prevalence of exotropia and esotropia was 43.5% and 47.0% respectively. There is significant relationship between result and type of surgery but there isn't significant relationship between result of surgery and reason and date of strabismus beginning.CONCLUSION: Outcomes of surgery were favorable and longer follow-up is needed to evaluate late results and complications. Based on our results and individual experience revision of Rosenbaum Santiago tables, under-and over-correction are needed.