ABSTRACT
Cefpodoxime proxetil is a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic demonstrates pH dependent solubility and is highly soluble only in acidic pH. The purpose of this investigation was to design and develop immediate release tablets of cefpodoxime proxetil by direct compression method and determine the effect of different solid buffers [organic acids] such as fumaric acid [formulations F1-F4], maleic acid [formulations M1-M4] and citric acid [formulations C1- C4] by using cefpodoxime and acid in the ratios of 4:1, 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2 to achieve pH-independent release of the drug. Physical parameters and assay were found to be within the acceptable range as prescribed in USP 36 / NF 31. In vitro dissolution studies of each formulation were performed in distilled water, USP dissolution medium, HCl buffer solution of pH 1.2, phosphate buffer solutions of pH 4.5 and 6.8 to observe the drug release. The formulations F3, F4, M4 were selected for film coating on the basis of better drug release profile, to protect the drug from chemical degradation through hydrolysis. Film coated formulation F3, F4 and M4 showed a remarkable in vitro release of the drug [72.88+/-0.43 to 92.67+/-0.71%] within 30min of observation in all dissolution media and further evaluated by model independent and model dependent approaches. The drug release was found to be best fit to Weibull model as highest r[2] [adjusted] [0.924- 0.998] and lowest AIC [18.416-54.710] values were obtained in all dissolution media. R Gui[registered sign] applied for stability studies of F3 and F4 formulations, showing shelf lives of 28 and 27months at ambient and 33 months at accelerated temperatures. Formulation F4 was chosen as best formulation on the basis of physical properties, highest dissolution rate and stability studies
ABSTRACT
Oxidative stress plays an important part in the development of human diseases. Pharmaceutical strategies are required to be work out in order to fight against such oxidative damages. Designing of new formulations that can protect human beings from the undesirable effects, consequence of oxidative stress, the crucial cellular and molecular processes, along with recurring oxidative damage and diseases is to be expedited
The main objective of present work was to design a rapidly releasing synthetic antioxidant tablet dosage form comprising of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E and zinc in combination with lecithin [a phospho-lipid] that can fulfill human health and nutritional requirement and to perform stability studies. Beside active ingredients, the excipients used in present formulation were; Avicel pH 102, starch pregelatinized, silicon dioxide colloidal and polyethylene glycol 8000 milled magnesium stearate, acid stearic fine powder and aq.opa dry coating material
The immediate release formulation of antioxidant was prepared by wet granulation method
Three different trials were developed. Vitamin C was selected as tracer for detection and evaluation of tablet dosage form. When the resulting formulation was evaluated by USP 24 / NF 19, 2000 guidelines and later by stability studies, it was found that their quality can be maintained over a storage period of 24 months
ABSTRACT
Famotidine is generally employed for the treatment of gastric ulcer. The present study was conducted to fabricate famotidine tablets using various diluents. The binder was incorporated to the formulations in different proportions. Both the dry granulation and direct compression techniques were employed to develop the tablets. Physical evaluation of tablets i.e. tablets hardness, friability, weight variation, thickness and diameter was determined. In vitro dissolution studies of the prepared tablets were carried out for 60 min using the USP apparatus II and 900 ml 0.1 M HCl stirred at 37 +/- 0.5[degree sign] C with a speed of 50 rpm. Physical analysis of tablets prepared via direct compression showed satisfactory results regarding the weight variation, hardness and friability, since their respective values were within the BP limits. All the prepared famotidine tablets exhibited diffusion based mode of drug release. 100% release of drug occurred in less than 60 min. The drug release from all the formulated tablets has elaborated the involvement of diffusion [Higuchian drug release]. This comparative study exhibited that physical parameters of tablets are affected by the technique of tabletting
Subject(s)
Drug Compounding/methods , Hardness , Solubility , Tablets/chemistry , Anti-Ulcer Agents/chemistry , Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/methodsABSTRACT
Ethanolic extracts of eight medicinal plants commonly used in folk medicine were tested for their antibacterial activity against four Gram positive strains [Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and, Streptococcus pneumoniae] and six Gram negative strains [Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus mirabilis. Salmonella typhi para A, Salmonella typhi para B and Shigella dysenteriae] that were obtained from different pathological laboratories located in Karachi, Pakistan. Disc diffusion method was used to analyze antibacterial activity. Out of eight, five medicinal plants showed antibacterial activity against two or more than two microbial species. The most effective antimicrobial plant found to be Punica granatum followed by Curcuma zedoaria Rosc, Grewia asiatica L and Carissa carandas L, Curcuma caesia Roxb respectively. From these results, it is evident that medicinal plants could be used as a potential source of new antibacterial agents