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Rev. méd. panacea ; 4(2): 31-35, mayo-ago. 2014. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1024070

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgo en la aparición de multidrogo resistencia en pacientes con tuberculosis en el Hospital Regional de Ica, durante los años 2006 al 2012. Materiales y métodos: La muestra estuvo constituida por 41 casos (tratados por tuberculosis multidrogo-resistente [TB-MDR]) y 82 controles (tratados por tuberculosis sensible [TB]), seleccionados mediante muestreo alea-torio sistemático. Resultados: Se halló tuberculosis pulmonar en 92,7% de los casos y 80,5% de los con-troles; extrapulmonar en 22,4% de los casos y 15,9% de los controles y del tipo mixto en 2,4% en igual porcentaje tanto en los casos como en los controles (p>0,05). En 32 casos (78,0%) y 16 controles (19,5%) tenían antecedente de tratamiento antituberculoso (Chi2 =39.36; p=0,000; OR=14.24; IC95%=5,809-37,480). En 9 casos (22,2%) y 1 control (1,2%) se registró contacto previo con paciente diagnosticado de TB-MDR. (Chi2=13,08; p=0,000; OR=22,2; IC95%=3,451-508,8). Conclusiones: La TB-MDR se presenta con mayor probabilidad cuando existe el antecedente de tratamiento antituberculoso y el contacto con un paciente que es portador de TB-MDR. (AU)


Objective: To identify risk factors in the emergence of multidrug resistance in tuberculosis patients in the Regional Hospital of Ica, during the years 2006 to 2012. Materials and Methods: The sample con-sisted of 41 cases (treated for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis [TB-MDR]) and 82 controls (treated for sensitive tuberculosis [TB]), selected by systematic random sampling. Results: Pulmonary tuberculosis was found in 92.7% of cases and 80.5% of controls; extrapulmonary in 22.4% of cases and 15.9% of controls and mixed type in 2.4% in the same proportion in both cases and controls (p> 0.05). In 32 cases (78.0%) and 16 controls (19.5%) had a history of TB treatment (Chi2 = 39.36; p = 0.000; OR = 14.24; 95% CI = 5.809 to 37.480). In 9 cases (22.2%) and control 1 (1.2%) prior contact with patients diagnosed with MDR-TB was recorded. (Chi2 = 13.08; p = 0.000; OR = 22.2; 95% CI = 3.451 to 508.8). Conclusions: MDR-TB occurs most likely when the history of TB treatment and contact with a patient who is a carrier of MDR-TB exists. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary , Risk Factors , Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant , Case-Control Studies
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