Percutaneous mechanical devices for supporting the left ventricular failure / 中南大学学报(医学版)

This article reviews the indications,contraindications,functionality,and complications for various percutaneous devices that can be used to support the left ventricular failure.We also reviews the anesthetic effect for these devices.A literature review was performed using PubMed.When the heart experiences end-stage systolic ventricular failure,it is generally unable to restore its practical function with pharmacological therapy alone.Percutaneous ventricular support devices have been introduced and used successfully to support a failing ventricle in a variety of settings.These devices include intra-aortic balloon pump,TandemHeart,and Impeller,as well as veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for left ventricular support.These devices are typically accessed percutaneously through the femoral vessels and/or the jugular vein(s),although other sites are possible in unique cases.

Salt intake and blood pressure in rural and metropolitan Mexico

A selected group of 155 Mexican adults aged 20 - 64 years were studied to investigate the role of sodium(Na) intake in explaining blood pressure (BP) differences in a rural town and urban Mexico City. The subjects had their BP, height, weight and skinfolds measured and they collected 3 continuous 24 h urines. Adjusted for age differences, average BPs were significantly higher (p<.05) for the urban (112.7 systolic: 73.6 diastolic mmHg) than for the rural group (108.4 systolic: 70.8 diastolic mmHg). They were also higher for men (111.8 systolic: 74.3 diastolic mmHg) than for women (109.6 systolic: 70.2 distolic mmHg), the diastolic BP difference being significant (p<0.05). The average daily Na excretion was also higher in the urban (122.2 mmol/day) than in the rural community (98.0 mmol/day) (p<0.01). Potassium excretion rate showed similar differences in sodium excretion and blood pressure among communities were particularly marked in those over 30 years of age. The means for the four community-sex groups had the same rank order for both BP and Na. However, although some large surveys have suggested that half the observed differences in BP might be explained by different Na intakes, in this study the relationship between Na excretion and BP did not achieve statistical significance. Differences in the body mass index (BMI) accounted for 41 percent of the observed variance in BP