Medición del dolor durante el trabajo de parto: evaluación de la usabilidad de un nuevo dispositivo / Pain measurement during labor: usability evaluation of a new device

Objetivo: Evaluar la usabilidad de un dispositivo para medir el dolor durante el trabajo de parto a través de siete ítems: tamaño, textura, facilidad de uso, peso, resistencia, comodidad y seguridad. Método: Estudio descriptivo. Se solicitó a 60 pacientes usar el sensor manual durante el transcurso de seis contracciones uterinas (aproximadamente 10-20 minutos) y al día siguiente se aplicó una encuesta en la que las pacientes evaluaron la usabilidad del dispositivo en cuanto a textura, peso, resistencia, comodidad, facilidad de uso, tamaño del sensor, seguridad de uso, peso del sensor, resistencia y comodidad, mediante una escala de Likert de 1 a 7. La seguridad fue evaluada con una escala de 1 a 5. Resultados: Se realizaron gráficos de caja. Con respecto a la seguridad, un 86% de las usuarias marcaron 5 puntos en la escala, percibiendo el dispositivo como seguro. Conclusiones: El dispositivo fue percibido como seguro, liviano, fácil de usar y cómodo.

Objective: To evaluate the usability of a device to measure pain during labor through seven items: size, texture, ease of use, weight, resistance, comfort, and safety. Method: Longitudinal observational study. 60 patients were asked to use the manual sensor during the course of six uterine contractions (approximately 10-20 minutes) and the following day a survey was applied where the patients evaluated the usability of the device in terms of texture, weight, resistance, comfort, easiness of use, sensor size, safety of use, sensor weight, resistance and comfort through a Likert scale from 1 to 7. Safety was evaluated with a scale from 1 to 5. Results: They were schematized with a box plot. Regarding safety, 86% of the users scored 5 points on the scale, perceiving the device as safe. Conclusions: It can be seen that the device was perceived as safe, light, easy to use and comfortable.

Optimisation of biodegradation conditions for waste canola oil by cold-adapted Rhodococcus sp. AQ5-07 from Antarctica

BACKGROUND: The potential waste canola oil-degrading ability of the cold-adapted Antarctic bacterial strain Rhodococcus sp. AQ5-07 was evaluated. Globally, increasing waste from food industries generates serious anthropogenic environmental risks that can threaten terrestrial and aquatic organisms and communities. The removal of oils such as canola oil from the environment and wastewater using biological approaches is desirable as the thermal process of oil degradation is expensive and ineffective. RESULTS: Rhodococcus sp. AQ5-07 was found to have high canola oil-degrading ability. Physico-cultural conditions influencing its activity were studied using one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) and statistical optimisation approaches. Considerable degradation (78.60%) of 3% oil was achieved by this bacterium when incubated with 1.0 g/L ammonium sulphate, 0.3 g/L yeast extract, pH 7.5 and 10% inoculum at 10°C over a 72-h incubation period. Optimisation of the medium conditions using response surface methodology (RSM) resulted in a 9.01% increase in oil degradation (87.61%) when supplemented with 3.5% canola oil, 1.05 g/L ammonium sulphate, 0.28g/L yeast extract, pH 7.5 and 10% inoculum at 12.5°C over the same incubation period. The bacterium was able to tolerate an oil concentration of up to 4.0%, after which decreased bacterial growth and oil degradation were observed. CONCLUSIONS: These features make this strain worthy of examination for practical bioremediation of lipid-rich contaminated sites. This is the first report of any waste catering oil degradation by bacteria originating from Antarctica.

Estilo de liderazgo en profesionales de enfermería según su función en los sectores público o privado en Temuco, Chile, 2015 / Leadership Style among Nursing Professionals According to their Role in the Public or Private Sectors in Temuco, Chile - 2015 / Estilo de liderança em profissionais de enfermagem segundo sua função nos setores público ou privado em Temuco, Chile, 2015

RESUMEN Introducción: el liderazgo de enfermería se considera una competencia fundamental, por su clara repercusión en la calidad de los cuidados. Objetivo: conocer el estilo de liderazgo que ejercen enfermeras(os) asistenciales, docentes y supervisoras(es). Material y método: investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva y transversal. La muestra está constituida por 165 profesionales de enfermería del área adulto-pediátrica, en una ciudad del sur de Chile. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante el Cuestionario Multifactorial de Liderazgo, en su forma corta, adaptado a la población chilena por Vega y Zabala. Resultados: se evidencia que los profesionales en enfermería asistenciales desarrollan en menor grado los estilos transformacional y transaccional. Por el contrario, aquellos de las áreas docente y de supervisión utilizan preferentemente un liderazgo transaccional, donde se destaca la recompensa contingente en docentes y la consideración individualizada en supervisores, como las principales. Según el sexo, las mujeres utilizan con mayor frecuencia las conductas motivación inspiracional y carisma inspiracional. Además, el liderazgo transaccional está más presente en mujeres, al igual que la consideración individualizada. Conclusión: se aprecia el predominio del liderazgo transaccional en enfermeras(os) docentes y supervisoras(es), que afecta el desarrollo y el fortalecimiento de un liderazgo transformador esencial para una gestión del cuidado de calidad.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Nursing leadership is considered a fundamental competence, due to its impact on the quality of care. Objective: Know the style of leadership exercised by nurses, nursing assistants, nursing teachers and supervisors. Materials and method: This is a quantitative, descriptive and transversal study. The sample is comprised of 165 nursing professionals from the adult-pediatric area in Temuco, southern Chile. Data collection was done through the Multifactorial Leadership Questionnaire, in its short form, adapted to the Chilean population by Vega and Zabala. Results: It was shown that nursing professionals develop transformational and transactional styles to a lesser degree. In the teaching and supervisory areas, they exercise transactional leadership, and contingent reward in teachers and individualized consideration in supervisors are elements that stand out. According to gender, women most often use inspirational motivational behavior and inspirational charisma. In addition, transactional leadership is found more in women, as is individualized consideration. Conclusion: The predominance of transactional leadership in nurses (teachers) and supervisors (s), which favors the development and reinforcement of transformative leadership, is essential to quality care management.

RESUMO Introdução: a liderança de enfermagem é considerada uma competência fundamental por sua repercussão na qualidade dos cuidados. Objetivos: conhecer o estilo de liderança que exercem enfermeiros(as) assistenciais, docentes e supervisores(as). Materiais e método: pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva e transversal. A amostra está constituída por 165 profissionais de enfermagem da área adulto-pediátrica, em Temuco, no sul do Chile. A coleta de dados foi realizada mediante o Questionário Multifatorial de Liderança, em sua forma curta, adaptado à população chilena por Vega e Zabala. Resultados: evidencia-se que os profissionais em enfermagem assistenciais desenvolvem em menor grau os estilos transformacional e transacional; nas áreas docente e de supervisão, exercem liderança transacional e destaca-se a recompensa contingente em docentes e a consideração individualizada em supervisores. Segundo o sexo, as mulheres utilizam com maior frequência os comportamentos motivação inspiracional e carisma inspiracional. Além disso, a liderança transacional está mais presente em mulheres, assim como a consideração individualizada. Conclusões: observa-se o predomínio da liderança transacional em enfermeiros(as) docentes e supervisores(as), que favorece o desenvolvimento e o fortalecimento de uma liderança transformadora essencial para uma gestão do cuidado de qualidade.

Feocromocitoma asociado a neurofibromatosis de von Recklinghausen / Pheochromocytoma associated with von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis

El feocromocitoma es un tumor glandular adrenal secretor de hormonas epinefrina y norepinefrina, responsables de regular la frecuencia cardíaca y la presión arterial, entre otras funciones. Este tumor puede ocurrir solo o en combinación con otros desórdenes; los factores genéticos y ambientales juegan un rol clave en su aparición. La neurofibromatosis tipo 1 (NF-1) es un desorden genético frecuente que se hereda en forma autosómica dominante, caracterizado por la formación de neurofibromas (tumores que involucran los nervios tisulares) en piel, tejido subcutáneo, nervios craneales y espinales. La NF-1 se diagnostica generalmente con el examen físico. No existe un tratamiento curativo para la NF-1, pero hay modos de tratar algunas de sus complicaciones. La hipertensión arterial en la neurofibromatosis causada por un feocromocitoma es extremadamente rara con una incidencia de menos del 1% en menores de 10 años y en adultos jóvenes. Presentamos el caso clínico de una mujer joven con hipertensión de reciente diagnóstico, con la infrecuente asociación de neurofibromatosis y feocromocitoma. Discutimos los mecanismos fisiopatológicos subyacentes y sus implicancias clínicas.

A pheochromo cytoma is an adrenal gland tumor that secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine hormones, and is responsible for regulating heart rate and blood pressure, among other functions. The condition can occur alone or in combination with other disorders, and genetic and environmental factors play a key role. Neurofibromatosis- 1 (NF-1) an inherited "autosomal dominant" disorder is one of the most common genetic disorders, characterized by formation of neurofibromas (tumors involving nerve tissue) in the skin, subcutaneous tissue, cranial and spinal root nerves. NF1 generally is diagnosed by physical examination. There is no cure for NF1, but there are ways to treat some of its effects. Neurofibromatosis arterial hypertension caused by pheochromocytoma is extremely rare, less frecuent than 1% in childrens less than 10 years old, and young adults. We present a case of an extremely infrequent association between neurofibromatosis and a pheochromocytoma in a young woman with a newly diagnosed hypertension. We discuss the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical implications.