ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The lack of standardization of clinical diagnostic criteria, classification and severity scores of chronic graft-versus-host disease led the National Institutes of Health to propose consensus criteria for the purpose of clinical trials. METHODS: Here we describe a one-day workshop model conducted by the Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease Brazil-Seattle Consortium Study Group to train investigators interested in participating in multicenter clinical trials in Brazil. Workshop participants included eight transplant physicians, one dermatologist, two dentists, three physical therapists and one psychologist from five institutions. Workshop participants evaluated nine patients with varying degrees of severity of mucocutaneous lesions and other manifestations of the disease followed by a training session to review and discuss the issues encountered with the evaluation and scoring of patients and in the methods used to evaluate grip strength and the 2-minute walk test. RESULTS: Most participants had difficulties in rating the percentage of each type of mucocutaneous lesion and thought 20 minutes was insufficient to evaluate and record the scores of each patient using the National Institutes of Health criteria and other cutaneous assessments. Several specific areas of difficulties encountered by the evaluators were: 1) determining the percentage of erythema in movable and non-movable sclerosis, 2) whether to score all cutaneous findings in a particular area or just the dominant lesion; 3) clarification of the definition of poikiloderma in chronic graft-versus-host disease; 4) discrepant interpretation of the mouth score and 5) clarification on the methodology used for the evaluation of grip strength and the 2-minute walk tests. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this workshop support the need to train investigators participating in clinical trials on chronic graft-versus-host disease.
Subject(s)
Graft vs Host Disease/classification , Graft vs Host Disease , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , MentoringABSTRACT
A falta de critérios diagnósticos padronizados, amplamente utilizados, pode comprometer tanto a avaliação real da incidência da doença contra hospedeiro crônica bem como a correlação de sua gravidade com a taxa de mortalidade pós-transplante. Na I Reunião de Diretrizes da Sociedade Brasileira de Transplante de Medula Óssea, realizada em junho de 2009, o Grupo de Estudos de DECH Brasil - Seattle (GEDECH), baseado na realidade dos Centros brasileiros, apresentou as recomendações para diagnóstico, classificação, profilaxia e tratamento da doença enxerto contra hospedeiro crônica propostas pelo National Institutes of Health. Estas propostas incluíram padronização das características utilizadas no diagnóstico e ferramentas para a pontuação dos órgãos envolvidos e avaliação global da gravidade a serem utilizados em estudos clínicos da doença enxerto contra hospedeiro crônica. Estes critérios são úteis para uma melhor análise da incidência desta doença, além de poder avaliar a gravidade do comprometimento de um órgão ou sítio envolvido e a influência na mortalidade tardia do transplante. A profilaxia e os tratamentos propostos para esta importante complicação dos transplantes de células-tronco hematopoéticas foram discutidos e graduados de acordo com níveis de evidência estabelecidos pelo National Institutes of Health.
The lack of widely-used standardized diagnostic criteria may impair both the true evaluation of chronic graft-versus-host disease and the correlation of its severity with transplant-related mortality. At the I Consensus of the Brazilian Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation - SBTMO that took place in June 2009, the Group of GVHD Studies Brazil-Seattle (GEDECH), presented the guidelines for diagnosis, classification, prophylaxis and treatment of chronic GVHD as proposed by the National Institutes of Health and based on the reality in Brazilian Centers. These proposals, including standardization of features used in diagnosis and tools to score involved organs and to assess the overall severity, should be used in clinical studies of chronic graft-versus-host disease. These criteria are useful to better analyze the incidence of this disease, in addition to evaluate the extension of the involvement of organs or the site affected and its influence on late transplantation mortality. Prophylaxis and treatment proposed for this important complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantations were discussed and graded according to the levels of evidence established by the National Institutes of Health.
Subject(s)
Humans , Bone Marrow Transplantation , Graft vs Host Disease/diagnosis , Graft vs Host DiseaseABSTRACT
Hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation from HLA-identical sibling donors cures 70-90 percent of Severe Aplastic Anemia (sAA) patients. Older age, heavy exposure to transfusions, immunosuppression treatment (IST) with a long interval from diagnosis to transplant and infection at procedure are associated with poor outcomes. We transplanted 18 patients with sAA and at least one risk factor (RF) for poor prognosis (age >35 years, >50 transfusions prior to transplant, unresponsiveness to previous IST and bacterial or fungal infection at transplant) from 2001 to 2005, using cyclophosphamide (CY - 5 patients) or busulfan plus CY (13 patients). Sixteen patients engrafted, two died with no engraftment, three patients had evidence of graft failure at days +67, +524 and +638 (two died and one was rescued with IST). Grade III/IV mucositis occurred in 39 percent but neither aGVHD nor cGVHD were observed. The Kaplan-Meier probability of survival was 75 percent at 2.14 years, with a trend favoring survival by number of RF (1 versus =2 RF) (P = 0.06). These results are comparable to recent data reported with fludarabine-based conditioning in patients with poor prognosis sAA. Due to the small sample size, prospective clinical trials with larger cohorts of patients are needed to confirm the real benefits of fludarabine-based conditioning, and also to define the best agent(s) to be associated with Fludarabine as preparative regimen for sAA patients with poor prognosis.
Transplante de medula óssea de doador irmão HLA-idêntico pode curar 70 por cento-90 por cento dos portadores de anemia aplásica severa (AAs). Pacientes mais idosos, muito transfundidos, longamente tratados com imunossupressão (IS) e com infecções ao tempo do transplante têm pior evolução. Nós transplantamos 18 pacientes com AAs e pelo menos um dos fatores associados a pior prognóstico (idade >35 anos, >50 transfusões antes do transplante, falta de resposta à imunossupressão prévia e infecção bacteriana ou fúngica ao transplante) de 2001 a 2005, com ciclofosfamida (Cy - 5 pacientes) ou bussulfan mais Cy (13 pacientes). Dezesseis pacientes apresentaram pega do enxerto, dois morreram sem pega, três tiveram rejeição aos dias +67, +524 e +638 (dois morreram e um foi resgatado com IS). Mucosite grau III/IV ocorreu em 39 por cento e não observamos DECH aguda ou crônica. A probabilidade de sobrevida pelo método de Kaplan-Meier foi de 75 por cento aos 2,14 anos, e uma tendência a melhor sobrevida foi encontrada entre os portadores de apenas um fator de risco ao transplante (P: .06). Estes resultados são comparáveis a recentes relatos de literatura envolvendo condicionamentos baseados em fludarabina para tratar pacientes com alto risco. Devido à pequena amostra analisada, estudos clínicos prospectivos com maior número de pacientes são necessários, visando comprovar o real benefício dos condicionamentos baseados em fludarabina, definir o melhor agente a ser a ela associado e assim obter o melhor condicionamento para portadores de AAs com fatores de mau prognóstico para o transplante.