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Objective@#To investigate the genetic characteristics of human norovirus (NoV) among infants under 5 years of age with diarrhea in Chaoyang District, Beijing from 2011 to 2017.@*Methods@#NoV-positive stool samples were collected from 2011 to 2017 in this region. The partial RdRp and VP1 genes were amplified and sequenced. Multi-sequence alignment was performed and phylogenetic tree was constructed using Mega software.@*Results@#A total of 151 samples were sequenced and analyzed. The ratio of male and female was 2.28∶1 with mean age of 1.72 years. Fourteen NoV subtypes were detected, including GII.Pe/GII.4 (47.68%), GII.P12/GII.3 (20.53%), GII.P4/GII.4 (17.22%), GII.P16/GII.2 (3.31%), GII.P12/GII.12 (1.99%), GII.P17/GII.17 (1.99%), GII.P16/GII.13 (1.32%), GII.P7/GII.7 (1.32%), GII.P7/GII.6 (1.32%), GII.P2/GII.2 (0.66%), GII.P21/GII.21 (0.66%), GII.Pg/GII.12 (0.66%), GI.Pa/GI.3 (0.66%) and GI.P6/GI.6 (0.66%).@*Conclusions@#NoV genetic diversity was found among infants under 5 with diarrhea in Chaoyang district, Beijing. The subtypes from surveillance and those from epidemics occurred in chronological order. The surveillance should be strengthened for early detection of new subtype for monitoring the epidemic and vaccine design.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize and analyze the clinical literature regarding moxibustion at Yongquan (KI 1) for insomnia, and to provide clinical evidence of moxibustion at Yongquan (KI 1) for insomnia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>With "moxibustion" "acupuncture-moxibustion" "Yongquan (KI 1)" "insomnia" and "sleep disorder", etc. as key terms, the clinical literature regarding moxibustion at Yongquan (KI 1) for insomnia was retrieved in CNKI, and VIP databases, and reviewed, summarized and analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 27 clinical papers were retrieved, including 14 randomized controlled trials. In recent years, the number of clinical papers had increased. Few papers selected moxibustion at Yongquan (KI 1) as independent treatment for insomnia; most papers combined moxibustion with acupuncture, massage, etc. Moxibustion was commonly manipulated by patients or family members, and few papers applied moxibustion instruments to make the manipulation easier and safer.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Moxibustion at Yongquan (KI 1) for insomnia has attracted more and more attention. It is suggested to apply convenient and safe moxibustion instruments in clinical treatment, which is benefit to clinical generalization, but also provides convenient manipulation for further study regarding its clinical effect and mechanism.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Acupuncture Therapy , Massage , Moxibustion , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders , TherapeuticsABSTRACT
At present,domestic medical drama has entered a period of rapid development,and has widespread attention.Medical drama is not only an industry play,but also a soul drama;not only fully demonstrates the medical staff's practice situation,but also more profound humanistic connotation.This paper analyzed the humanistic connotation of current domestic medical drama from four aspects of public understanding of medicine,metaphor of human nature and life motif,professionalism and realistic dilemma and humanistic care,and put forward the enlightenment to nurses.
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Objective:To observe the effects of acupuncture-moxibustion on symptoms,signs,and Th1/Th2 cytokine,and regulation on Th1/Th2 in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis(PAR) to provide experimental basis for acupuncture treating allergic rhinitis and investigate the mechanism.Methods:Thirty patients with allergic rhinitis were treated with acupuncture-moxibustion,and 30 healthy cases were the control.Clinical symptoms,signs,and nasal mucosa were observed,and contents of IL-4,IFN-γ,and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the supernatant of peripheral blood monocyte cultured with PHA by ELISA,before treatment,after one course of treatment,and after two courses of treatment.Results:Before the treatment,the contents of IL-4,and GM-CSF were higher (P＜0.01) and IFN-γ was lower (P＜0.01) in the PAR cases than in the control cases.In the PAR cases,the content of GM-CSF was positive correlation with that of IL-4 (P＜0.01),and negative correlation with IFN-γ (P＜0.01).After the treatment,contents of IL-4 and GM-CSF were lowed (P＜0.01),content of IFN-γ was increased (P＜0.05),and all IL-4,GM-CSF and IFN-γ had no difference compared with those in the control cases.Conclusion:Acupuncture moxibustion could improve the symptoms and signs in PAR patients,enhance the immune function.It may be achieved by regulating the expression of Th1 and Th2,correcting the imbalance of Th1/Th2.