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Objective To obtain serological prevalence data for HBV markers in inpatients of Xi'an area with consequence of providing basis for nosocomial infection control and clinical stuff.Methods The serological markers of HBV (HBsAg,HBsAb,HBeAg,HBeAb,HBcAb) in serum of inpatients including 5 248 males and 5 345 females in 2015 were quantitatively detected by chemiluminescent analyzer ARCHITECT i4000SR.Results The infection rate of HBV was 7.01％ (743/10593) and there were 14 patterns of HBV serum markers in inpatients.Of all patterns of HBV infection in this study,there were 5.17 ％ (548/10 593) with HBsAg+ HBeAb+ HBcAb+,1.34 ％ (142/10 593) with HBsAg+ HBeAg+ HBcAb+,0.25％ (27/10 593) with HBsAg+HBcAb+ and 0.25％ (26/10 593) with other uncommon ones.Of all patterns of HBV convalescent stage,there were 21.02％ (2 227/10 593) with HBsAb+,13.71％ (1 452/10 593) with HBsAb+HBeAb+ HBcAb+,and 15.07％ (1 596/10 593) with HBsAb+HBcAb+.The percentage of five serum markers with negative was 31.38％ (3 324/10 593).There existed statistical difference for patterns of HBV serum markers concerning gender and different age groups,respectively (P＜0.05).The clinical departments with highest percentages of HBsAg-+-HBeAg+ HBcAb +-,HBsAg+ HBeAb+ HBcAb+ and HBsAb+ were department of gastroenterology with 7.39 ％ (36/487),department of gastroenterology with 16.43％ (80/487) and thoracic surgery one with 89.23％ (58/65),respectively.Conclusion This study provided clinical data of management and controlling the transmitting of HBV and promotion of HBV vaccination.Meanwhile it is necessary for government to take effective measures to reduce the infection rate of HBV in Xi'an area.
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Objective This study aims to explore the application value of tuberculosis T lymphocytes enzyme-linked immune SPOT test (T-SPOT.TB) on early diagnosis of tuberculosis.Methods The TB infection in 189 inpatients suspected tuberculosis in pneumology department of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital was detected with T-SPOT.TB,fluorescence RQPCR,tuberculosis (TB-Ab)protein chip and PPD methods.Results The sensitivity of four methods was 91.54％ (119/130),73.85％(96/130),63.08％(82/130) and 57.69％ (75/130) respectively and the specificity of those was 89.83％ (53/59),86.44％(51/59),67.79％(40/59) and 66.10％(39/59),respectively.The sensitivity of T-SPOT.TB method was statistically higher than those of other three tests,respectively (P＜0.05).The specificity of T-SPOT.TB was significantly higher than those of TB-AB and PPD (P＜0.05),but there was no statistical difference between RQ-PCR and T-SPOT.TB (P＞0.05).The positive predictive values of T-SPOT.TB,fluorescent quantitative PCR,TB-Ab and PPD assays were 95.2％ (119/1250),92.3％ (96/104),81.2％ (82/101) and 78.9％ (75/95) respectively while the negative predictive values of those were 82.8％ (53/64),60％ (51/85),45.5％ (40/88) and 41.5％ (39/94),respectively.The false-positive rates (misdiagnosis rate) of four assays were 10.2％ (6/59),13.6％ (8/59),32.2％ (19/59) and 33.9％ (20/59) respectively and the false-negative rates (rates of missed diagnosis) of those were 8.5％ (11/130),26.2％ (34/130),36.9％ (48/130)and 42.3 ％ (55/130),respectively.The negative likelihood ratios of T SPOT.TB,fluorescent quantitative PCR,TB-Ab and PPD assays were 0.11,0.16,0.48 and 0.51 respectively,meanwhile the positive likelihood ratios of T-SPOT.TB,fluorescent quantitative PCR,TB-Ab andPPD assays were 9.0,5.4,2.0 and 1.7,respectively.What' s more,the diagnostic accordance rates of the four assays were 91.0％ (172 189),77.8％ (147 189).64.6％ (122/189) and 60.3％ (114/189),respectively.Conclusion T-SPOT.TB test is a more sensitive and specific method and of great significance to the early diagnosis of TB,which has more clinical value in different stages of tuberculosis diagnosis.
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Objective To establish serum NGAL reference range of healthy populations in Xi'an Area.Methods 2 665 cases (aged 6 to 95 years old,male 1 370,female 1 295) of health-check people were collected from March 2014 to October 2016 in Medical Examination Center of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital,and 682 cases (aged 0 to 6 years old,male 356,female 326) were collected from preschool children of prevention.Serum NGAL concentration of them were analysed by immunoturbidimetry method with the Automatic Biochemical Analysis Assembly Line of Beckman-AU5800,and the detection data for statistical analysis.Then established the reference range of serum NGAL population of different age and different sex in Xi'an.Results The serum NGAL levels in healthy subjects showed a skewed distribution,which were preschool children under 6 years of age 37.66±23.12 ng/ml,6～15 years 39.25±25.34 ng/ml,16～49 years 46.68±27.06 ng/ml,and 50～ 69 years 57.82±29.13 ng/ml.Compared the first two with the latter,there was a significant difference (t=0.589,P＜ 0.05).The serum NGAL levels of over 70 years were 61.87 ± 32.64 ng/ml,and there was a significant difference between the ages of 15 and 49 and over 70 years (t=8.529,P＜0.01).At the same time,the serum NGAL was closely correlated with age (r=0.298,P＜0.01).But there was no significant difference in serum NGAL level between male and female (t=0.263～0.542,all P＞0.05).87ng/ml was the upper limit of the reference value for the age of 50 years.Conclusion The level of serum NGAL was related to age and increased with age,but not with gender.
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Objective To investigate the changes of the morphology,structure and biological characters of mutated Candida and through its genetic characteristics,research and reveal the mechanism of the variation at the molecular level.Methods Used different nutritional conditions,different growth conditions and different azole antifungal agents to induce mutation of the standard strains of Candida albicans.In clinical study,Candida mutant strains was isolated from vaginal secretions,pleu-ral effusion and gastric juice samples in patients of poor effect with Antifungal therapy,and studied on the morphological characteristics,and the nuclear structure,the biochemical reaction,the drug resistance,the bacterial composition and the ge-netic characteristics of above variants,etc.Results Mycelial?morphology:Candida were prone to mutation like bacteria, mutant bacteria could show G+ Aureus shape,G+ Bacillus,G+ long filamentous,G- Aureus shape,G- Bacillus and G- long filamentous;Nuclear structure:Candida mutant strains changed like prokaryotes under the electron microscope because it lost the original structure of eukaryotic cells.Biochemical reaction:there were 5 different items in 20 biochemical test ob-served.Drug sensitivity test:Candida mutated to antifungal drugs being originally sensitive was completely resistant,sensi-tive and resistant originally was completely sensitive,and the same as ordinary bacteria resistant.The cell component chan-ges:there was significantly different in Candida variant strain and the atavism of variant strain identified by mass spectrome-try.The most conservative fungalgene expression:Candida mutated had conservative gene expression of eukaryotes.It could be demonstrated that oidiomycetes mutant strains like bacterial morphology with prokaryotic cell biological characteristics was derived from Candida with eukaryotic cells.Conclusion Candida was prone to variation like bacterial morphology.The biological characteristics of mutant resembled prokaryote.There was a qualitative change among the standard strains of Can-dida albicans,mutant strains of oidiomycetes like bacterial morphology and the atavism of variant strain with clear genetic re-lationship under the electron microscope in the form of nuclear matter.The study on biological evolution,especially contact in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic evolution has very important significance.
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Objective To investigate the reasons of higher result of CK-MB than the total CK with the immune suppression method for deteting serum CK-MB and solution methods.Methods Selected 68 cases of inpatients with myocardial infarc-tion from Department of Cardiology,32 cases of malignant tumor from Internal Medicine-Oncology,including 8 cases of liver cancer,6 cases of lung cancer,6 cases of gastric cancer,5 cases of neuroblastoma,4 cases of breast cancer and 3 cases of o-varian cancer and 16 cases of cirrhosis from Department of Gastroenterology,and at the same time,selected 100 cases of healthy persons as control group from Out-patient Health Examination Center of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital.Used Roche MODUALR automatic biochemical analyzer to detected the activity of serum CK-MB with the immune suppression method and the activity of total CK with the enzyme coupling rate method.Results In 68 cases of inpatients with myocardial infarction,the activity of serum CK-MB of 2 1 cases were individually increased,the activity of total CK of 3 9 cases were in-creased,and the two indexes of 30 cases were increased in the same period.In 32 cases of inpatients with malignant tumor, the activity of serum CK-MB of 1 1 cases were individually increased,the activity of total CK of 3 cases were increased and the two indexes of 3 cases were also increased.The activity of serum CK-MB of 6 cases were individually increased in 1 6 ca-ses of cirrhosis.Conclusion The immune inhibition assay for the detection of CK-MB as the diagnosis index of myocardial infarction had certain defects,and the higher activity of CK-MB could be highly associated with some severe inflammation, malignant tumor.
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Objective To investigate the serum homocysteine (HCY)levels of patients with various liver diseases,and discuss the clinical value of combined detection of HCY and other liver function indicators in liver disease diagnosis.Methods Se-lected 123 cases of inpatients with different liver diseases (79 cases of male,44 cases of female),including 39 cases of chronic active hepatitis,52 cases of cirrhosis and 32 cases of primary hepatic cancer from Department of Gastroenterology,and 90 ca-ses of healthy persons as control group from Out-patient Health Examination Center of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospi-tal.Detected serum HCY and some indicators of liver function (TBIL,ALT,GGT and TBA)in different liver disease groups and normal control group with Roche MODUALR automatic biochemical analyzer,and did statistic analysis.Results The serum HCY levels of chronic active hepatitis,liver cirrhosis and primary hepatic cancer were 16.25± 3.98μmol/L,20.89± 4.26μmol/L and 22.92 ± 6.08μmol/L respectively,and significantly higher than those in normal control group (8.16 ± 4.03μmol/L,t=5.352~9.021,P<0.01).The serum HCY levels of liver cirrhosis and primary hepatic cancer group were higher than that of chronic active hepatitis group (P<0.05).Serum levels of HCY were obviously lower after treatment than that before treatment (P<0.05)for three groups of liver diseases.The positive rate of HCY was higher than those of other liver function indicators (P<0.05).Conclusion Serum homocysteine may be as one of the most important indexes of liver damage,and the combined detection of other liver function indicators may have important clinical value for liver disease diagnosis,differential diagnosis,treatment and prognosis.
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Objective To explore the ischemic modified albumin(IMA)in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)early diagnaontic value.Methods In 89 cases of patients with ACS,present the onset of chest pain,2 h、6 h、12 h and 24 h blood test,IMA,cTnI and CK-MB.41 cases of acute myocardial infarction(AMI),angina pectoris 48 cases.IMA analysis for the diagnostic value of Acs.Results Patients with ACS、IMA level in onset of chest pain,2 h significantly higher peak,reched peak at 4 hours,returned tonormal at 6 hours.Instead CK-MB、cTnI 4 h began in the onset of chest pain increased significantly increased after 6 h,gradually increasing,myocandial infarction,IMA levels with angina in the most obvious(P＜0.05).Conclusion Early diagnosis of ACS IMA is sensitive indicators,the biochemical markers diagnosis of myocordial ischemia.