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Objective To understand the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy for people living with HIV/AIDS and influencing factors;and provide evidence to improve the treatment of HIV infection and AIDS for the better life of the patients.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted in designated AIDS hospitals in Harbin.A questionnaire was used to collect the information of the patients receiving treatment in these hospitals.The statistical analysis was done with software SAS 9.2 and Excel 2010.Univariate analysis was performed with t test and multivariate analysis was performed with ordinal logistic regression model.Wilcoxon ranks sum test was conducted to compare the CD4+ T lymphocyte counts.Results The number of the patients receiving antiretroviral therapy was in increase in recent years.The HIV infection route was mainly homosexual contact.The CD4 +T lymphocyte count of the patients increased at different levels after ≥6 months treatment (P＜0.01).Household income (P＜0.05),adherence to treatment plan or not (P＜0.05),social relationship (P＜ 0.05),concern of economic cost (P＜0.01) medication compliance (P＜0.01) and initial level of CD4 + T lymphocyte (P＜0.01) were the influencing factors for antiretroviral therapy efficacy.Conclusion In designated hospitals in Harbin,the number of the patients receiving HIV antiretroviral therapy kept to increase and the efficacy of the treatment was obvious.
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Objective To understand the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy for people living with HIV/AIDS and influencing factors;and provide evidence to improve the treatment of HIV infection and AIDS for the better life of the patients.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted in designated AIDS hospitals in Harbin.A questionnaire was used to collect the information of the patients receiving treatment in these hospitals.The statistical analysis was done with software SAS 9.2 and Excel 2010.Univariate analysis was performed with t test and multivariate analysis was performed with ordinal logistic regression model.Wilcoxon ranks sum test was conducted to compare the CD4+ T lymphocyte counts.Results The number of the patients receiving antiretroviral therapy was in increase in recent years.The HIV infection route was mainly homosexual contact.The CD4 +T lymphocyte count of the patients increased at different levels after ≥6 months treatment (P＜0.01).Household income (P＜0.05),adherence to treatment plan or not (P＜0.05),social relationship (P＜ 0.05),concern of economic cost (P＜0.01) medication compliance (P＜0.01) and initial level of CD4 + T lymphocyte (P＜0.01) were the influencing factors for antiretroviral therapy efficacy.Conclusion In designated hospitals in Harbin,the number of the patients receiving HIV antiretroviral therapy kept to increase and the efficacy of the treatment was obvious.
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Objective To compare the dosimetric parameters of volumetric modulated arc therapy(VMAT),fixed field intensity modulated radiation therapy(IMRT)and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3D-CRT)in the radiotherapy for the patients with locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and to analyze their characteristics. Methods Twelve patients with locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma were treated with VMAT, IMRT and 3D-CRT plan designed by Pinnacle 9.2 and Preciseplan 2.03 treatment planning system.The dosimetric parameters of targeted volumes and organs at risk were compared between three groups. Results The conformation indexes (CI)of VMAT and IMRT plans were similar,and they were both better than 3D-CRT plan,the difference was significant(P0.05).The monitor units(MU)and beam time in 3D-CRT group were better than those in other two groups,and VMRT group was better than IMRT group,the statistical differences were observed between three groups (P0.05).The doses of the spinal cord,optic nerve,optic chiasm and temporal lobe of brain in VMAT and IMRT groups were better than those in 3D-CRT group,there were statistical differences between them(P0.05).Conclusion There are differences of the targeted dose distribution between the three kinds of radiation technology, while VMAT and IMRT plans can cover the targeted areas and reduce the received doses of organs at risk.The CI,MU and beam time of VMAT plan are better than those of IMRT plan. 3D-CRT plan only has advantage in the MU and beam time.
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Objective To study the presence of drug resistant mutations of protease and reverse transcriptase among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 strains isolated from treatment naive HIV/ acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients in Heilongjiang Province of China and to provide the baseline data for starting antiretroviral therapy in this area. Methods The protease and reverse transcriptase gene sequences were amplified by nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and then sequenced. The results were compared to the subtype B consensus amino acid sequence and analyzed with Stanford HIV-db drug resistance sequence interpretation. Results The results showed that HIV strains from 49 patients were classified as subtype B'. No primary mutations associated with protease inhibitor were detected. Some secondary mutations associated with protease inhibitor were detected, which included V77I(91.5%), L63P(76.6%), I93L(74.5%), E35D(61.7%), R57K (19.1%), R41K(10.6%), A71V(8.5%), M36I(8.5%), L10I(6.4%), D60E(6.4%), L89M (4.2%) and G16E(2. 1%). Only one case had a primary mutation M184I that was associated with resistance to reverse transcriptase inhibitors. However, many secondary mutations associated with resistance to reverse transcriptase inhibitors were found, including I135L/T/R/V(81.8%), V106I(22.7%), V179D/E(11.4%), R211K(9.1%), L214F(4.5%), V189I(4.5%) and V108I(2. 3%).Conclusions The prevalence of genotypic anti-HIV drug resistance is very low in treatment naive HIV/AIDS patients in Heilongjiang Province. However, closely monitoring on drug resistance mutation is very important for preventing the development and prevalence of multi-drug resistant or cross drug resistant HIV.
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Objective:To construct the eukaryotic expression vector of interleukin-18 gene and carry out analysis of pVAX1-IL-18 sequence . Methods:The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pVAX1-IL-18 was constructed by inserting interleukin-18 gene into the eukaryotic expression vector pVAX1 with molecular cloning technique . It was confirmed by restrictive enzymes(BamHⅠ/ EcoRⅠ) digestion and analysis of DNA sequencing . Similar nucleotide sequences encoding IL-18 of pVAX1-IL-18 were looked up by Blast means in NCBI GenBank. Results:Restrictive enzymes digestion analysis and DNA sequencing results revealed that the interleukin-18 gene was cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pVAX1 successfully .The sequence of encoding IL-18 of pVAX1-IL-18 was exactly the same as the reported sequence of encoding human IL-18 in GenBank . Conclusion: The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pVAX1-IL-18 has been constructed successfully, which lay the foundation for pVAX1-IL-18 as a genetic adjuvant of DNA vaccine.
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OBJECTIVE To explore the antibiotic activity and changing trend of clinically isolated Pseudomonas aerginosa strains.METHODS The Drug-resistance of 485 clinically isolated to 18 kinds of common antibiotics P.aeruginosa strains was performed by Kirby-Bauer method.The drug sensitiveity test was indged based on the standard of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards(NCCLS) of the USA from 2004 to 2007.RESULTS Imipenem was sensitire against P.aeruginosa with the total drug-sensitivity rate of 80.8%.The resistance to cefazolin was high(0%).The sensitivity rate of P.aeruginosa was declining year by year.CONCLUSIONS It is very important to select antibiotics correctly according to the results of sensitivity tests.
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Objective To construct the nucleic acid vaccine(DNA vaccine) plasmid of the gag gene of the prevalent HIV-1 strains in China so as to develop a therapeutic AIDS vaccine against the HIV-1 strains, and to investigate the immune responses induced by HIV-1 DNA vaccine in mice. Methods The recombinant expression vector pCI-neo GAG was constructed by inserting HIV gag gene into the eukaryotic expression vector pCI-neo, which was identified by restrictive enzymes (Xba Ⅰ/Sal Ⅰ) digestion analysis and DNA sequencing. Balb/c mice were immunized with pCI-neo GAG or pCI-neo. Their sera were collected for the assay of the titer of anti-HIV antibody and IFN-? level by ELISA, and their splenic cells were isolated for detecting antigen-specific lymphoproliferative responses and specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL) response by MTT assay and LDH assay, respectively. Results Restrictive enzymes digestion analysis and DNA sequencing results revealed that the recombinant expression vector pCI-neo GAG had been constructed successfully. Both the anti-HIV antibody titer and the IFN-? level of mice immunized with the pCI-neo GAG were higher than those of mice immunized with pCI-neo (P
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The vitamin C content of dateplum persimmon's leaves (Diospyros lotus) collected and processed in some months (May, Jun., Aug., Sept. and Oct.) was determined. It was found that the amount of vitamin C in these products was 2045, 2540, 2650, 2680 and 310 mg per 100 gm respectively. They were all extremely rich in vitamen C and had an average about 2500 mg per 100 gm except that processed in Oct., of which the vitamin C content declined sharply.Observation on the stability of vitamin C in the products packed with several methods and stored in different conditions and durations showed that various environmental factors exerted a considerable influence on vitamin C retention to a certain extent, especially the sunlight and relative humidity which caused seri-ous damage. In general, the vitamin C retention of products packed with various methods were above 75% after two months of storage. Even when the Product was packed by plastic film bag and stored in ordinary condition, the remaining vitamin C was still above 800 mg per 100 gm after six months.After brewing of the product for 5-10 minutes just like making tea, the percentage of vitamin C extracted was about 75% in the first brewing and 11.5% in the second. The total amount of vitamin C extracted in two brews was about 85%.