[Comparison the quality of life of healthy and Thalassemic children]

Introduction: Morbidity and mortality of Thalassemia significantly reduced and nowadays there are more attention to the quality of life and related factors. Considering that thalassemia and its complications impact on quality of life of children, it is still unknown. The aim of this study was investigation of quality of life of Thalassemic children in four domains of physical, social, emotional and school, that compared with the control group

Methods: Thalassemic children [n=40] referred to the special diseases center of Besat hospital selected. Also, healthy children [n=40] that was matched based on age, sex and education selected from their classmate as control group. The standard quality of life questionnaire consisted of two sections used for data collection, the first section included demographic questions [n=9], second section included 23 questions about the quality of life in four dimensions: physical, social, emotional and school. Data analyzed by SPSS v.14 software. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test used for testing normality of the distribution

Results: The mean age of subjects with mean and standard deviation were respectively 13.2 +/- 4.26, level of education of the majority of children [45 percent] were elementary school and 50 percent of their fathers were illiterate and 34.5 percent of mothers in elementary level. The majority [67.5 percent] of residents were without private homes [40 percent] and personal vehicles [70 percent]. Results related to the quality of life showed that children the quality of life in four domains of physical, emotional, social, and school children with specific thalassemia was lower than control group [P<0.05]. Total quality of life in were 1.4 +/- 0.69 in children with thalassemia and 9.6 +/- 0.14 in healthy children, t-test showed a significant statically relationship [P=0.000]

Conclusion: The results showed that children with thalassemia have problems with the quality of life in four domains of physical, social, emotional and school. Therefore planning to promote mental health, participation in social activities, providing the necessary consultations and adaptive solutions along with clinical and therapeutic services in this patients center patients can increase their quality of life

[Comparison view point of children and their mothers about quality of life children with Asthma]

Introduction: Asthma is a chronic disease and common that despite advances in treatment has high mortality, currently estimated to be 300 million asthma patients worldwide, more important is increase of prevalence. In the important point in the treatment of asthma in addition control of symptoms is improve quality of life of patients. The impact of asthma and its complications on quality of life in the view of children and people involved with them is unknown yet. To presentation effect of asthma on the life of children with asthma we need assess the quality of life directly, so this study done with purpose of comparison quality of life of children with asthma in the viewpoints of them and their mothers in 2008

Method: In this descriptive-analytical study children with asthma hospitalized in pediatric and emergency wards of Beasat hospital of Sanandaj in 2008, in convince sampling elected and investigate the quality of life in the view of them [38] and their mothers [38]. Demographic information and quality of life questionnaire [PedsqL] children and their mother viewpoint each has 28 question that investigate asthmarelated problem [11 question], treatment-related problem [11 question], problem related concerns [3 question] and problem related to communication [3 question], with five-point Likret scale [never, seldom, sometimes, often, always] from zero to four. Higher scores indicate more problem and lower. Quality of life data collected with structured interview. Information analyzed using statistical [t-test and Chi-square]

Results: Results show mean score of quality of life in the viewpoint of children with asthma was 77.12 +/- 96.59 and in the viewpoint of their mothers was 73.21 +/- 43.81. Comparison mean quality of life score of children and their mothers using the t-test, alpha level of %5 indicates significant statically difference in total score [P=0.000] and in four part of asthma [P=0.003] and part of treatment of disease, concerns and communication [P=0.000]. Chi-square test show statically difference between quality of life in the viewpoint children with location of life [P=0.04] and there we sent significant correlation with other demographic information; age, sex

Conclusion: Result showed that the viewpoint of children and their mothers about quality of life was different in total and in different dimension and mothers view was more undesirable. Therefore in attention to the important role of mother in children care and recommend nurses must consider view of mothers about quality of life and provide background to their participation in care planning to as much as possible promotion of children quality of life

[Relationship between job characteristic and job stress in nurses of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences educational hospitals]

Job stress is condition in work as part of role playing and need to adaptive responses; job stress is one of attention part of nursing profession and some of most important reasons of job stress are the characteristic of job for example task identity, skill variety, task significance, autonomy and feedback. The purpose of this study was to investigation relationship between job characteristic and job stress in nurses of KUMS educational hospitals. This study was descriptive correlated [cross-sectional], 297 participants in census method recruited from KUMS educational hospitals nurses. Demographic information, job diagnostics surveys [JDS] and job stress [Stimer] were measured by self-report questionnaire. The validity and reliability of these questionnaires approved in the earlier researches. As well as, internal consistency were 0.86 for Job diagnostics surveys and 0.82 for job stress by alpha Cronbach. Then information analyzed by statistical tests such as association linear-by-linear, X[2] and ordinal regression by SPSS 16. 72.7% of participants were female, 59.6% married, 64.6% employed under 5 year, 33.3% work in critical wards and 87.9% were registered nurse. Motivational Potential Score [MPS] of 53.5% was low, job stress 64.6% was middle and the relation between MPS and job characteristics [skill variety [P<0.001], task identity [P<0.001], autonomy [P<0.02] and feedback [P<0.1], age, sex and education level with job stress was statistically significant [P<0.05]. Regression model of relational variables with job stress show that the autonomy was the most effective determinant on the job stress then task identity and feedback. This study showed relation between job characteristic and job stress in nurses so hospital managers must increase autonomy, identifying task identity and give proper feedbacks to redesign job and make nursing more challengeable, motivational and satisfying

[Concept of health in the view of diabetic patients: a qualitative study]

Feeling of health is subjective and unique and health criterion varies in different age, cultural and socioeconomic groups. Illness can have a great effect on individual's feeling and definition of health and well being. The aim of this study was to explore the meaning of health concept in the view of diabetic patients. This study was qualitative, semi structured interviews were conducted with 20 diabetic patients who attended to the diabetes clinic of Sanandaj Tohid Hospital. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using conventional content analysis, and codes and themes were derived from participant's responses. Based on the findings of study five major themes about health emerged: intact body and happiness, life without any limits, peace of mind, spirituality and absence of complications. Health definition based on specific conditions of any culture and group that affect health behavioral. Based on emerged themes, health care providers must consider these themes and seek ways to achieve health in diabetic patients and use them in care plans

[Mode of feeding milk at one year of age and its relationship with respiratory infections of infants referred to healthcare centers of Sanandaj city, 1386]

The advantages of breast feeding especially exclusive breast-feeding have been clearly demonstrated. It has also been emphasized in our religious instructions. Breastfeeding infants by mother as an inclusive food could empower immunology system of infants. Breastfeeding as the ideal method of feeding infants is well accepted around the world because of its protective effect against intestinal and respiratory infection. The present study therefore designed and conducted to determine modes of breast feeding at one year age and its relation to respiratory infections of infants referred to healthcare centers of Sanandaj during 1386. In this case-control study, 100 infants with acute respiratory infection were recruited conveniently. The samples were drawn from hospitals and health centers. 100 matched healthy infants were also recruited to the study from the health centers. The diagnosis of ARIs were made by physicians. Data were gathered through structured interviews based on a questionnaire contained demographic factors and modes of breastfeeding. The data was analyzed using Chi-square and t student tests. A significant correlation was demonstrated between breastfeeding modes in two groups of infants with Acute Respiratory Infection and healthy infants [P=0.000] OR-5.44 [2.15:13.76]. It was also found that there is a significant relationship between breastfeeding modes with starting time of complementary nutrition and exclusive breastfeeding in both groups. The study revealed the increased risk of respiratory infections among infants who don't receive breastfeeding. Breastfeeding during the first year have considerable protective effects against respiratory infections and could significantly reduce the disease duationa dn related mortality rate. Exclusive breastfeeding during first six months reduce the risk of respiratory and infectious diseases among infants because of its ingredients. Public education regarding the differences of breastfeeding compare to other milk sources could be effective