Incidence of bacterial contamination in wastes of private poultry life markets slaughter premises in Sana'a city. I: Isolation, Identification and antibiogram of isolates

This study was carried out to investigate the bacterial contamination and their drug sensitivity pattern in private poultry life markets and slaughter premises [shops] wastes in Sana'a city. Examination of collected 146 samples including intestinal contents [63], water from washing tanks [17], feathers [19], Spleen [25] and long bones [22] revealed 35, 11, 5, 1 an 0 isolates in a rate of 55.5, 64.7, 26.3, 4 and 0%; respectively. The obtained bacterial isolates were subjected to colonial morphological, Gram stain reaction and biochemical identification. Bacteriological examination of samples revealed that 52 isolates were recovered in a total rate of 35.6%. These isolates were including 27 [51.9%] E. coli; 10 Citrobacter freundii [19.3%]; 3 [5.7%] Klebsiella pneumoniae [K. pneumoniae]; 1[1.9%] Salmonella enteritidis [S. enteritidis]; 3 [3.8%] Campylobacter jejuni [C. jejuni]; 1[1.9%] Pseudomonas aeruginosa [Ps. aeruginosa]; 5 Staphylococcus coagulase negative [9.6%]; and 3 Streptococcus beta haemolytic [5.7%]. Results of sensitivity of bacterial isolates against used 16 antibiotics. It was observed that no single antimicrobial drug was 100% effective against different isolates. It is clear that most isolates were resistant to Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline, and Erythromycin. We recommend the strict application of sanitary measures in life poultry markets to minimize bacterial contamination and spread of pathogens; especially to human. The obtained isolates will be subjected to pathogencity test for 1-day-old chicks

Field study on immune response and performance of maternally immune commercial broiler chickens to live intermediate infectious bursal disease vaccine

In this study, 8000 Hubbared 1-day old broiler chicks having maternal antibodies to infectious bursal disease [IBD] were reared on deep litter in a poultry farm. The chicks were received IBD [Bursine-2] intermediate vaccine at the 12[th] day of life via drinking water to investigate its immunogenicity and its effect on broiler performance. No IBD related clinical signs or mortalities or lesions were observed after vaccination till the end of the breeding period [7 weeks]. The result of serological response to IBDV vaccines using ELISA test showed that the maternal antibody titer to IBD antigen in 1 day old chicks was 5571.1 +/- 1761.8 and waned to1237.7 +/- 915.8 at 2 weeks [2 days after vaccination. At the 3[rd] and 4[th] weeks after vaccination IBD ELISA titres were increased to 2662.1 +/- 186.3 and 3394.1 +/- 768.8; respectively. This result revealed that the used live IBD vaccine was able to induce antibody levels in chickens with maternal IBD antibodies. The best weekly feed conversion rate [FCR] was recorded at the 4[th] week [1.31] and the 6[th] week [1.71] with total FCR of 1.89. Mortality rate in the susceptible age [2-6 week] was the lowest [0.4-.73%] with total mortality of 3.27 at the end of the 7[th]. These fining pointed out that live IBD intermediate Burcin-2 vaccine was save, immunogenic to maternally immune chicks and has no adverse effect on performance of vaccinate chickens