ABSTRACT
Though surgery remains the major activity of most urologist, in 2005 and 2006 the progress in urology was obtained in the field of diagnosis and medical treatment. To create a comprehensible picture, we divided urology in smaller subspecialties like kidney stones, urological oncology, incontinence, other voiding disorders and erectile dysfunction. Obvious improvements in the diagnostic approach and therapeutic planning are presented
Subject(s)
Humans , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Prostatic Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Prostate-Specific Antigen , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone , Positron-Emission Tomography , Nephrectomy , Laparoscopy , Kidney Calculi/diagnosis , Kidney Calculi/therapy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Erectile Dysfunction , Lithotripsy , Urinary Incontinence, Stress/therapy , Transurethral Resection of ProstateABSTRACT
Renal cysts are common among people older than 50 years. A hypothesis that erythropoietin may be produced in renal cysts as a defense mechanism to prevent anemia was put forwards, thus erythropoietin concentration in cystic fluid should be higher than the serum level. Our study aimed to explain this phenomenon. Levels of erythropoietin were estimated in serum and cystic fluid of 33 patients with renal cysts and were compared to results from 33 controls. Results showed a 35 times higher level of erythropoietin in cystic fluid compared to serum. Serum levels of erythropoietin from renal cyst patients were comparable to those from control group. Thus we concluded that there is no erythropoietin penetration from the cystic fluid into the blood serum; and the role of high erythropoietin concentration in renal cystic fluid is not clear yet