ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the protein expression of the canonical transient receptor potential(TRPC)channel in the hippocampus of amyloidβprotein(Aβ)?induced Alzheimer’s disease(AD)mice. Methods A total of 36 ICR mice were randomly divided into AD group and control group,with 18 rats in each group. AD mice models were established by Aβ1?42 microinjection into the lateral intracerebroventricular. Learning and memory abilities of the mice were determined using Morris water maze. All TRPC1?TRPC7 mRNA levels in the hippocampus of the mice were detected using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT?PCR). Hippocampal TRPC4 protein expression was examined using immunofluorescence and Western blotting methods. Results Water maze test results showed that the escape latency of AD group were significant?ly longer than that of the control group(P<0.01),and that the target quadrant occupancy of AD group was significantly shortened(P<0.01)and the frequency of platform crossing of AD group was significantly reduced(P<0.01). RT?PCR results showed that all TRPC(TRPC1?TRPC7) mRNA were expressed in the hippocampal of both AD group and control group. Among these channels ,only TRPC4 mRNA levels of AD group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.01). Immunofluorescence images showed that TRPC4 expressed on the membrane of neurons and the intensities of the immunofluorescence of TRPC4 in AD group were stronger than that of control group. Western blotting results showed that the TRPC4 protein expression of AD group was higher than that of control group(P<0.05). Conclusion The increase of TRPC4 protein expression in the hippocampus of mice after intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ1?42 oligomers suggests that TRPC4 may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD induced by calcium homeostasis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate plasma level of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1)and soluble E-slectin (sES) in patients with Keshan disease (KD) accompanied by hypertension,and to further their relation to systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and ejection fraction (EF) of left ventricle.Methods Patients with Keshan disease investigated in 2007 in Fuyu County,Heilongjiang Province were divided into two groups according to whether they were accompanied by hypertension or not:KDP group (n =17),the patients were diagnosed as Keshan disease accompanied by hypertension;KDN group (n =14),the patients were only diagnosed as Keshan disease.Healthy volunteers lived in the same area as the patients were included in the control group (CON group,n =10).The clinical data (such as age,sex and past medical history),SBP and DBP were recorded.EF was detected by echocardiography.Plasma sICAM-1 and sES concentrations were measured by ABC-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique.Results Plasma level of sICAM-1 in the subjects was significantly elevated in KDP group as compared with that in CON group and KDN group [(399.84 ± 99.06) vs (323.06 ± 61.27) μg/L,P ＜0.05;(399.84 ± 99.06) vs (268.27 ± 72.88) μg/L,P ＜ 0.01].However,there was no statistical significance in plasma sICAM-1 between the KDN group and control group (P ＞ 0.05).The difference of plasma sES between the control group,KDN group and KDP group did not reach statistical significance [(76.31 ± 23.17),(72.26 ± 20.15) and (90.21 ± 19.21) μg/L,F =3.236,P ＞ 0.05].As compared with the KDN group,SBP and DBP were obviously higher in KDP group [(169 ± 27) and (121 ± 10) mmHg,(102 ± 17) and (81 ± 6) mmHg,1 mmHg =0.133 kPa,F =6.376,4.300,all P ＜ 0.01],and EF was not significantly increased [(58 ± 14)％ and (55 ± 14)％,F =0.789,P ＞ 0.05].Furthermore,correlation analysis showed plasma sICAM-1 was positively correlated with SBP (r =0.540 6,P ＜ 0.01)and DBP (r =0.461 2,P ＜ 0.01),but not with EF of left ventricle in subjects whir Keshan disease (r =0.073 4,P ＞0.05).Conclusion These data shows slCAM-1 may play a role in the development of Keshan disease accompanied by hypertension,providing an potential index for its risk assessment.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the membrane topology of transient receptor potential(TRP)channel. Methods Glycosylation method was used to investigate the membrane integrations of each hydrophobic segment of canonical TRP(TRPC5). Results In TRPC5 channel,S4?S8 segments were integrated into membrane with Ncyt/Cexo and Nexo/Ccyt orientations sequentially ,and C?terminus was intracellular. S1?S3 segments were integrated into membrane with two possible types. One was that S1 and S3 were integrated into membrane,whereas S2 was left out of the membrane on the cytosolic side;and the other was a mixed type that S1 and S3 were exposed to cytoplasm respectively. Both of them,the N?termi?nus was intracellular. Conclusion S4?S8 segments of TRPC5 are transmembrane segments. The integrations of S1?S3 segments into membrane need to be further investigated.