ABSTRACT
OBJETIVOS: This article develops on a review the most important results of three epidemiological studies to analyses the infant mortality according the living conditions in selected areas of Argentina, in order to identify gaps between different social groups. METODOLOGIA: se realizaron tres estudios epidemiológicos con diseño ecológico que utilizan datos censales y estadísticas vitales como fuentes secundarias. RESULTADOS : los hallazgos confirmaron un fuerte gradiente desfavorable en la mortalidad infantil para quienes se hallan en desventajas sociales. La gravedad de las disparidades observadas en la mortalidad infantil se hace más aguda cuando se aborda la mortalidad posneonatal. La alta proporción de muertes consideradas reducibles va acompañada asimismo por una profunda asimetría entre los grupos. DISCUCION: la elección de la mortalidad infantil como problema desde la perspectiva de las desigualdades no es ni original ni la confirmación de un gradiente inverso entre las condiciones de vida y los valores de la tasa de mortalidad infantil. Sin embargo, se destaca la necesidad de dar visibilidad y de cuantificar las desigualdades e inequidades entre grupos en espacios sociales concretos de planificación e intervención sanitaria.
OBJECTIVE: to describe the perspective that some actors have on the health education models of the sexual and reproductive health programs aimed at the adolescents of the city of Medellin from 2004 to 2007. METHODOLOGY Conducted three ecological epidemiologic studies using census data and vital statistics as secondary sources. RESULTS : The findings confirmed a strong gradient in child mortality unfavorable to those who are in social disadvantage. The severity of the studied differences in infant mortality becomes more acute when we are talking about the post-neonatal mortality. The high proportion of deaths considered reducible is connected by a wide asymmetry between groups. DISCUSSION: The election of infant mortality as a problem of social inequalities is not an original fact, neither the confirmation of a gradient reverse between the living conditions and infant mortality rate results. But is necessary to make known and quantify the social inequalities and inequities between groups, in particular social places of planning and health intervention.