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1.
Rev. chil. cir ; 70(3): 212-217, 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-959373

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo Aplicar tres modelos pronósticos "online" (índice pronóstico de Nothingham (NPI), Adjuvantonline! (AO) y PREDICT utilizados en la práctica oncológica para estratificar a pacientes y definir el uso de terapias adyuvantes en pacientes con cáncer de mama (CM) precoz, para evaluar su correlación y predicción de sobrevida en nuestra población. Métodos Obtuvimos datos clínicos de pacientes con CM invasor T1N0M0, tratados en el Centro de Cáncer de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, desde enero de 1997 hasta diciembre de 2003. Resultados Analizamos datos de 125 pacientes. Edad mediana fue 55 años (35-80). La mayoría de los tumores fueron carcinomas ductales infiltrantes (72,8%), receptor de estrógeno (RE) positivos (88,8%), 80% recibieron terapia endocrina (TE). El beneficio estimado de la TE y la quimioterapia (QT) en la sobrevida global (SG), determinadas según AO y PREDICT, no fueron significativamente diferentes (1,3% y 1% para QT, p = 0,13; 0,9% y 1% para TE, p = 0,8; respectivamente). El modelo NPI estimó una mediana de SG superior (96%) a la calculada por AO (90,9%) y PREDICT (92,5%). La mortalidad específica por CM fue de 3%, similar a lo observado (3,2%). La mediana de SG estimada por todos los modelos en el grupo de pacientes fallecidos no fue estadísticamente diferente al grupo de sobrevivientes (p = 0,85). Conclusión Los modelos pronósticos predicen apropiadamente la SG en pacientes con CM precoz; sin embargo, en esta serie, no discriminaron pacientes de mal pronóstico.


Objective Apply three prognostic models "online" (Nothingham index (NPI), Adjuvantonline! (AO) and PREDICT used in routine oncology practice in order to stratify patients and define the use of adjuvant therapies in patients with stage I breast cancer (BC) to evaluate its correlation and overall survival (OS) in our population. Methods We obtained patients' medical records data with invasive BC T1N0M0, treated at the Cancer Center of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, from January 1997 to December 2003. Results We analyzed data from 125 patients. Median age was 55 years (35 80). Most tumors were infiltrating ductal carcinoma (72.8%), estrogen receptor positive (88.8%), 80% received endocrine therapy (ET). The estimated ET and chemotherapy benefit was not significantly different according to the AO and PREDICT models (1.3% and 1% for CT, p = 0.13, 0.9% and 1% for ET p = 0.8, respectively). The estimated median OS on NPI (96%) was higher than calculated by AO (90.9%) and PREDICT (92.5%). Interestingly disease specific mortality estimated was 3%, similar to that observed (3.2%). While the estimated median OS by all models in the group of deceased patients was lower than in surviving, this difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.85). Conclusion The prognostic models applied effectively predict OS in Chilean patients with T1N0M0 BC, but in this series, they do not sufficiently discriminate patients with poor prognosis. The addition of co -morbidities to AO does not alter the results.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Prognosis , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Survival Rate , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant
2.
Kasmera ; 42(1): 52-65, jun. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-746301

ABSTRACT

Se evaluó un sistema piloto de tratamiento de aguas residuales municipales para verificar su capacidad de remoción de patógenos virales. La presencia de Adenovirus, Calicivirus, Enterovirus, Virus de Hepatitis A y Virus de Hepatitis E. Se determinó mediante RT-PCR (Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa con Transcriptasa Reversa). Además se examinó la eficacia de los colifagos como indicadores y se verificó la presencia de indicadores bacterianos clásicos. Se obtuvo un 100% de positividad para la presencia de todos los virus en la entrada y salida del sistema, por lo que el sistema no es capaz de eliminarlos. Los colifagos no fueron removidos por este sistema, pero sirvieron como indicadores para la presencia de virus entéricos en el mismo. Los indicadores bacterianos redujeron su número a su paso por el sistema, pero aún al final del sistema, los coliformes se encontraban en números por encima de los límites establecidos por las leyes venezolanas. Por lo tanto, sería necesario agregar otros pasos al sistema, para poder obtener un efluente que cumpla las leyes y que garantice la ausencia de virus entéricos.


A pilot system for treating municipal waste was evaluated to verify its ability to remove viral pathogens. The presence of Adenovirus, Calicivirus, Enterovirus and Hepatitis A and E was determined using RT-PCR. The efficiency of coliphages as indicators and the presence of classic bacterial indicators were also investigated. A 100% positivity was obtained for the presence of all viruses at the entrance and exit of the system; therefore, the system was not able to remove them. Coliphages weren’t removed by the system, but they were effective as indicators of enteric viral presence in it. Bacterial indicators reduced their number going through the system, but even at the end of the system, coliforms had numbers above the limits dictated by Venezuelan law. Therefore, it would be necessary to add additional steps to the system in order to obtain an effluent that meets the laws and to ensure the absence of enteric viruses.

3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 142(4): 428-435, abr. 2014. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-716214

ABSTRACT

Background: The prognosis of breast cancer (BC) is in part determined by the stage at diagnosis and its pathological characteristics. Aim: To evaluate the association between survival of women with metastatic breast cancer and pathological features of the tumor. Patients and Methods: We obtained clinical and pathological data from patients diagnosed with a metastatic BC between 1999 and 2013. The expression of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) was determined by immunohistochemistry. Clinicopathological subtypes were defined as: Luminal A: ER or PR positive, HER2 negative, histological grade (HG) 1 or 2; Luminal B: ER or PR positive, HER2 negative or positive or HG 3; triple negative (TN): ER, PR and HER2 negative, independent of the HG, positive HER2: ER, PR negative and HER2 positive, independent of HG. We analyzed survival based on these subtypes. Results: We identified 54 patients aged 24 to 85 years, with metastatic BC at diagnosis. Seventy five percent had luminal tumors; 19.6% HER2 positive and 7.8% were TN. In 61% of evaluable tumors, HG was classified as 3. The frequency of HER2 positive and high HG tumors was greater in these patients with metastatic BC than in a non-metastatic local BC cohort. Survival was higher among patients with Luminal tumors than in women with non-Luminal cancer (56.4 and 11.4 months, respectively, p = 0.04). Conclusions: Patients with metastatic BC at diagnosis often had HER2 positive tumors and high HG. As in other studies, ER positive tumors had a better survival.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/chemistry , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Immunohistochemistry , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis , /analysis , Receptors, Estrogen/analysis , Receptors, Progesterone/analysis , Survival Rate , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
4.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 137(8): 1054-1060, ago. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-531997

ABSTRACT

Hematopoietic precursors transplantation is a therapeutic alternative for leukemia, some metabolic diseases and some immune deficiency syndromes. In its allogeneic variety leukemia eradication is based in the conditioning prior to transplantation and the allograñ effect against leukemia. Umbilical cord blood is an alternative source of hematopoietic precursors when there are no HLA compatible relatives available. Between 2003 and 2007 we have performed five umbilical cord blood transplant in adult patients in a University hospital. All patients had malignant diseases. Conditioning protocols were ablative in all except in one patient and in all, more than one unit of umbilical cord blood was used. Hematopoietic engraftment was confirmed in all patients and the main complications registered were infectious and associated to immunosuppression.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects , Leukemia, Myeloid/surgery , Chile , Fatal Outcome , Remission Induction , Transplantation Conditioning , Young Adult
5.
Rev. cient. (Maracaibo) ; 19(3): 295-302, mayo-jun. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-548487

ABSTRACT

Durante la elaboración del queso, la k-caseína es hidrolizada por la renina (Quimosina E.C.3.4.23.4) en el enlace peptídico Fen105-Met106 generando dos fracciones: la para-k-caseína y el glicomacropéptido (GMP) que se libera al lactosuero. El GMP presenta una estructura química particular donde predominan los aminoácidos con cadena lateral ramificada, no presenta aminoácidos aromáticos y contiene carbohidratos unidos a residuos de treonina; por esta razón se le ha atribuido una variedad de actividades biológicas. Se ha estimado que en Venezuela se generan alrededor de 713 toneladas de lactosuero anualmente. Un volumen considerable de este subproducto se produce en el estado Zulia, constituyéndose esto en una fuente de péptidos y proteínas de alta calidad nutricional que está siendo subutilizada. Con el propósito de evaluar el aislamiento y rendimiento del GMP a partir de la precipitación de lactosuero de ricotta con ácido tricloroacético 50 por ciento, se realizaron 6 extracciones con este ácido a 50 mL de cada tipo de suero analizado: suero ricotta, suero comercial resuspendido y suero ácido (control negativo). Se verificó mediante pruebas químicas y PAGE-SDS 15 por ciento de manera indirecta, la presencia de GMP en las preparaciones obtenidas. Se observaron bandas de 6,5; 18,3 y 19,0 kDa en suero ricotta y suero comercial resuspendido. Las bandas de 18,3 y 19,0 posiblemente correspondan a la forma trimérica del péptido. El rendimiento del GMP en términos de proteínas fue en promedio 1,17 mg/50mL (1,17 por ciento) y 4,51 mg/50mL (0,81 por ciento), para suero ricotta y suero comercial, respectivamente. Los resultados indican que es factible obtener preparaciones del GMP, sin embargo, para plantear la producción a escala industrial de este péptido para su aprovechamiento, se requiere evaluar otros procedimientos donde se obtenga a bajo costo una preparación purificada del GMP.


During cheese manufacturing k-casein is hydrolyzed by rennin (Quimosine E.C.3.4.23.4) on peptidic bond Fen105- Met106 releasing two fractions: para-k-casein and glycomacropeptide (GMP). GMP shows a particular chemical structure in which ramified lateral chain aminoacids prevail, without aromatics aminoacids, but with carbohydrates short chains linked to some threonine residues; because of this, a variety of biological activities have been attributed to molecule. It has been considered that in Venezuela, 713 tons of whey are generated annually. An important volume of this byproduct is produced in the Zulia State, becoming itself a source of peptides and proteins of high nutritional quality that has been subused. With the purpose of evaluating GMP isolation and yield from ricotta whey precipitation with 50 percent trichloroacetic acid treatment, 6 extractions where performed with this acid to 50 mL of each analyzed whey: ricotta whey, resuspended commercial whey and acid whey (negative control). By means of chemical tests and PAGE-SDS 15 percent, indirect presence of GMP was verified in all preparations. Bands of 6.5, 18.3 and 19.0 kDa were observed in ricotta and commercial whey. Bands of 18.3 and 19.0 possibly correspond to the peptide trimeric structure. GMP yield in terms of protein content was 1.17 mg/50mL (1.17 percent) and 4.51 mg/50mL (0.81 percent), for ricotta and commercial whey, respectively. Results show that it feasible to obtain preparations of GMP, however, in order to produce this peptide industrially for its use, evaluation of low cost procedures for GMP purification is required.


Subject(s)
/analysis , Trichloroacetic Acid/analysis , Cultured Milk Products/chemistry
6.
Rev. chil. cir ; 61(1): 89-91, feb. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-523051

ABSTRACT

The spontaneous pneumomediastinum is the presence of air inside the mediastinum without a traumatic or iatrogenic reason associated. It is a slightly frequent entity and as the spontaneous pneumotorax it is given especially in young males. In rare occasions it associates to an episode of vomits and in this case it is necessary to make a differential diagnosis with Boerhaave's syndrome because at the first moment the clinic can be similar in both cases. Nevertheless, while the spontaneous pneumomediastinum is quite often to be a benign entity with good prediction, Boerhaave's syndrome has a mortality of 80 percent-90 percent if the diagnosis is produced after 24-48 hours.


El neumomediastino espontáneo es la presencia de aire dentro del mediastino sin que exista una causa traumática o iatrogénica asociada. Es una entidad poco frecuente que, al igual que el neumotorax espontáneo, se da sobre todo en varones jóvenes. En raras ocasiones se asocia a un episodio de vómitos y, en este caso, es necesario hacer un diagnóstico diferencial con el síndrome de Boerhaave ya que en un primer momento la clínica puede ser similar en ambos cuadros. Sin embargo, el neumomediastino espontáneo suele ser una entidad benigna con buen pronóstico y el síndrome de Boerhaave es un cuadro de mal pronóstico y que, de diagnosticarse después de 24-48 horas, puede tener hasta un 80 por ciento-90 por ciento de mortalidad.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Mediastinal Emphysema , Mediastinal Emphysema/therapy , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Mediastinal Emphysema/etiology , Esophagus , Metronidazole/therapeutic use , Oxygen Inhalation Therapy , Ofloxacin/therapeutic use , Radiography, Thoracic , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Vomiting/complications
7.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 136(4): 482-490, abr. 2008. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-484924

ABSTRACT

Background: Colorectal cancer relapses or metastasizes in 30 percent of cases. Cytokeratin 20 is present in 95 percent of colorectal tumors and their metastases and could be used as a marker to detect tumor cells. Aim: To assess the usefulness and prognostic value of peripheral blood and bone marrow cytokeratin 20 determinations in patients with colorectal cancer. Material and methods: Blood and bone marrow samples were obtained from 56 patients with colorectal cancer aged 26 to 77 years (31 females) before surgical procedure. They were followed for a mean of 22 months (range 2.9 to 72 months) after surgery. Blood and bone marrow from 45 patients without cancer and 35 healthy subjects were used as negative controls. Messenger RNA expression of cytokeratin 20 was studied by real time and nested polymerase chain reaction. Results: Cytokeratin 20 was detected in 6 percent of controls and 41 percent of patients. There was no relation between cytokeratin 20 expression and age, gender, overall survival, tumor relapse, progression, localization or stage. Conclusions: Cytokeratin 20 determination is not useful as a marker of tumor progression or dissemination in patients with colorectal cancer.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Colorectal Neoplasms , /blood , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/blood , Biomarkers, Tumor/blood , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Bone Marrow/chemistry , Bone Marrow/pathology , Case-Control Studies , Colorectal Neoplasms/blood , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Neoplasm Staging , Neoplastic Cells, Circulating , Prognosis , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sensitivity and Specificity , Time Factors
8.
Rev. Hosp. Matern. Infant. Ramon Sarda ; 27(4): 155-158, 2008. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-572747

ABSTRACT

El riesgo de alteraciones en el neurodesarrollo es elevado en prematuros de muy bajo peso al nacer, más si se asocia a riesgo ambiental. Su monitoreo interdisciplinario a largo plazo permite disminuir su vulnerabilidad, detectar handicaps, vehiculizar su resolución y/o tratamiento y mejorar su evolución. Se presenta un estudio descriptivo, analítico y transversal que se refiere al desarrollo psicomotor de niños de 3 años controlados en el Programa de Seguimiento de la Maternidad “Ramón Sardá”. Se relaciona el Puntaje Total de Desarrollo del Test de Desarrollo Psicomotor Infantil de 2 a 5 años (TEPSI, Haeussler M. et al.) con morbilidad temprana y factores socioculturales. La muestra incluyó a 56 niños nacidos durante 2000-2001 a la edad promedio de 3 años. Se analizaron datos de morbilidad perinatal (peso de nacimiento, edad gestacional, patologías severas) y socioculturales (edad y educación materna, crianza sola, estabilidad laboral y nivel socio-económico). Se excluyeron niños con síndromes genéticos o infecciones intrauterinas. Resultados: en el 76 por ciento (43/56) del TEPSI (>=40), 87,5 por ciento. (49/56) en Coordinación, 73 por ciento (41/56) en Lenguaje y 68 por ciento (38/56) en Motora los puntajes fueron normales. Hubo asociación significativa entre DBP o ROP y bajo score en el TEPSI. Conclusiones: Algunas patologías severas casi exclusivas de prematuros, más frecuentes a menor edad gestacional y no resueltas al alta neonatal, comprometen el desarrollo y se relacionan significativamente con Puntaje TEPSI en riesgo/retraso (<40) y probables problemas durante la escolaridad que requieren programas de intervención adecuados.


The risk of neurodevelopment deficiencies is high in very low birth weight premature infants, especially if they are environmentally challenged. These children require a multidisciplinary approach to detect their vulnerability and disabilities, as well as for better diagnosis and treatment, and in the long run to improve their development. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between the psychomotor development, birth morbidity (birth weight, gestational age and severe diseases) and socio-cultural factors (mother' s age, mother' s level of education, single mother, working income, uncovered basic needs). This descriptive cross sectional study included 56, 2 to 5 year old preterm children who were born in 2000-2001 and were participating in a follow up program at this hospital (HMIRS). Children with genetics syndromes and intrauterine infections were excluded. The psychomotor test used was Test de Desarrollo Psicomotor Infantil de 2 a 5 años (TEPSI, Haeussler M. y cols.). Results: 76 per cent of the children obtained a normal TEPSI score (>=40). The score was normal for coordination, speech and motor are as in 87.5 per cent, 73 per cent, and 68 per cent respectively. There was a significant association between DBP or ROP and a low TEPSI score. Conclusions: Certain pathologies are unique to premature children. The lower the gestational age the greater their prevalence. These affect the children development and are significantly associated to TEPSI lower scores, and may predict learning problems in the long run. Therefore, an adequate and early intervention is required.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child Development , Infant, Premature , Motor Skills Disorders/diagnosis , Motor Skills Disorders/epidemiology , Motor Skills Disorders/therapy , Cognition Disorders/diagnosis , Cognition Disorders/epidemiology , Cognition Disorders/therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Infant, Premature, Diseases/epidemiology , Follow-Up Studies , Hospitals, Maternity , Hospitals, Municipal , Infant, Very Low Birth Weight , Perinatal Care , Psychological Tests , Psychomotor Performance , Socioeconomic Factors
9.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 135(10): 1327-1332, oct. 2007. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-470713

ABSTRACT

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) have mutations of the tyrosine kinase receptor. When they are localized, the treatment of choice is surgical excision, but advanced tumors have a limited response to chemo or radiotherapy. Imatinib (STI571 or Glivec®) is a selective inhibitor or tyrosine kinase proteins that has been used successfully in the treatment of advanced GIST. We report four patients (two women) with a metastatic GIST that were treated with Imatinib 400 mg day and followed for 40 months. The disease tumor stabilized in three patients and in one it had an initial reduction and progressed at the end of follow up. Therefore Imatinib can be a therapeutic alternative in patients with metastatic GIST.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/drug therapy , Piperazines/therapeutic use , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Pyrimidines/therapeutic use , Follow-Up Studies , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/pathology , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/secondary , Treatment Outcome
10.
Rev. chil. cir ; 59(2): 109-115, abr. 2007. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-627061

ABSTRACT

El cáncer de mama es la segunda causa de muerte por cáncer en mujeres en Chile. El tratamiento adyuvante con quimioterapia ha demostrado disminuir la recurrencia y muerte por la enfermedad. La recomendación de usar adyuvancia en un paciente individual es compleja y depende de la evaluación del riesgo de recaída, muerte y condición del enfermo. Adjuvant! es un modelo computacional útil en la predicción de la sobrevida y beneficio de la terapia adyuvante en pacientes con cáncer de mama. El modelo Adjuvant! se estudió en nuestra población de pacientes para conocer el beneficio estimado de la quimioterapia y la relación con su prescripción. Se aplicó Adjuvant! a 125 pacientes con cáncer de mama precoz (T1N0M0) tratadas con cirugía conservadora y radioterapia, 20 (16%) recibieron quimioterapia adyuvante. Según el modelo, el beneficio absoluto en sobrevida global a 10 años con quimioterapia en este grupo es de 1.3% (0,1-11,1%) y la reducción absoluta en el riesgo de recurrencia de 6.45% (0.4-20%). Un 25% de pacientes obtendría un beneficio en sobrevida global mayor del 2% y un 58,4% (73/125) mayor al 1%. De las pacientes de nuestra serie que recibieron quimioterapia un 50% (10/20) recibirían un beneficio esperado en sobrevida global menor al 2%. La mediana de beneficio del tratamiento combinado quimioterapia / hormonoterapia en la sobrevida global es de 1,8% (2-11,1) y en la sobrevida libre de enfermedad de 10.5% (1-25,6%). En estudios clásicos, al consultar a pacientes ya tratadas, más del 50% usarían nuevamente quimioterapia por un beneficio absoluto menor al 1%.


Breast cancer is the second cause of female death in Chile. Adjuvant chemotherapy has reduced breast cancer recurrence and death. The decision to use adjuvant chemotherapy for a specific patient is complex and must consider the general condition of the patient and its risks of recurrence and death. The computer model called Adjuvant! was designed for breast cancer to predict survival and determine the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy. The Adjuvant! model was calculated for our population of breast cancer patients to determine the predicted benefit of chemotherapy and compare it with the actual indication. The Adjuvant model was applied to 125 patients with early breast cancer, (T1N0M0), treated with breast conserving surgery and post operative radiotherapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy was use in 20 patients (16%). According to the predictive model the absolute 10-year survival benefit with chemotherapy is 1.3% (0.1-11.1%) and the absolute recurrence risk reduction is 6.45% (0.4-20%). For 25% of the patients chemotherapy would result in an overall survival benefit larger than 2% and for 58.4% (73/125) larger than 1%. In our series 50% (10/20) received chemotherapy with a predicted overall survival benefit less than 2%. The median benefit with the combination of chemotherapy and hormonal therapy in overall survival was 1.8% (0.2-11.1) and in disease free survival was 10.5% (1-25.6%). Reports from the literature indicate that more that 50% of patients treated with chemotherapy would agree to receive it again for a benefit less than 1%.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Software Validation , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/methods , Software/trends , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome
11.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 134(7): 827-832, jul. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-434582

ABSTRACT

Background: Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is caused by the obstruction of venous drainage from the upper portion of the body. Common clinical findings are headache and cervical, facial and upper limb edema. Occasionally, clouding of consciousness appears. Aim: to report our experience with endovascular treatment of SVCS. Material and methods: Retrospective review of all patients with SVCS subjected to endovascular treatment between 1999 and 2005. Results: Eight patients were treated, all of them with malignancies. Six had a benign obstruction due to the presence of a chemotherapy catheter located in the superior vena cava, one had obstruction secondary to radiation therapy and one a tumor compression of the superior vena cava. Two patients underwent thrombolytic therapy. Angioplasty and stenting was performed in all patients. The chemotherapy catheter was removed to all patients and installed again in one. One patient had a hemothorax secondary to a simultaneous needle lung biopsy under video thoracoscopy. No patient died in relation to the procedure. Congestive signs and symptoms subsided in all patients within 24 hours after the procedure. During follow up, only one patient had symptoms related to vena cava obstruction and three died due to their malignant tumor. Conclusions: Endovascular treatment of SVCS has a low rate of complications and provides immediate and mid-term symptom relief.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Angioplasty, Balloon , Stents , Superior Vena Cava Syndrome/therapy , Catheterization/adverse effects , Neoplasms/complications , Retrospective Studies , Superior Vena Cava Syndrome/etiology , Treatment Outcome
12.
RNC ; 14(4): 123-128, oct.-dic. 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-438504

ABSTRACT

La indemnidad del sistema nervioso central (SNC) depende de factores intrínsecos (genéticos y hormaonales) y extrínsecos (nutricionales, ambientales, sociales y emocionales) y es medida indirectamente por la valoración del neurodesarrollo. Tanto el retardo del crecimiento intrauterino como la falla del crecimiento postnatal que se observa en prematuros con muy bajo peso al nacer (RNMBP) han sido relacionados con la aparición tardía de problemas en el neurodesarrollo. Una intervención nutricional durante la primeras semanas de vida podría minimizar el déficit durante el tercer trimestre de gestación. Diche interrupción, sumada a la morbilidad asociada a la prematurez, condicionan la falla en el crecimiento postnatal...


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Enteral Nutrition , Growth , Intensive Care, Neonatal , Parenteral Nutrition , Guidelines as Topic , Central Nervous System , Pediatrics
13.
Bol. Hosp. Niños J. M. de los Ríos ; 41(1): 49-54, ene.-abr. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-431650

ABSTRACT

Doscientos cincuenta y un casos de tumores cerebrales verificados anatomopatológicamente, durante los años 1985-1995, mostraron la presencia de 15 craneofaringiomas, cuyo estudio integral, clínico, imagenológico, endocrinológico, terapéuticos quirúrgicos y tratamientos radiantes se revisan


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Brain Neoplasms , Craniopharyngioma , Medical Oncology , Pediatrics , Venezuela
16.
Rev. colomb. anestesiol ; 28(3): 231-235, sept. 2000. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-327635

ABSTRACT

La levobupivacaina es el isomero levogiro de la mezcla racemica de bupivacaina. Estudios en animales y en seres humanos demuestran que esta molécula es menos cardiotóxica y menos neurotóxica. En este articulo se hace una revision de aspectos quimicos, farmacocineticos, farmacodinamicos, toxicológicos y clinicos de la levobupivacaina


Subject(s)
Anesthetics, Local/adverse effects , Anesthetics, Local/pharmacokinetics , Anesthetics, Local/chemistry , Anesthetics, Local/toxicity
17.
Rev. colomb. anestesiol ; 28(2): 107-115, jun. 2000. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-327641

ABSTRACT

La anestesiología nació dentro del campo de la ciencia universal y de la medicina el 16 de Octubre de 1846, hace ya 154 años, cuando William Tomas Green Morion hizo aquella famosa demostración, ante el cuerpo médico del Massachusetts General Hospital. Pero poco tiempo despues, se vio que las personas podian morir en el acto anestésico. La evolución medica ha permitido que se corrijan muchos de los vacíos cientificos y que los resultados sean mejores. Pero hoy seguimos observando que muchas personas sometidas a anestesia, buena parte de ellas en buenas condiciones generales, mueren a consecuencia de la anestesia. Hablaremos sobre el riesgo en anestesia. Haremos un análisis de las complicaciones que se presentan en la actualidad durante el acto anestésico. Nos referiremos inicialmente a los reportes de la literatura universal, expondremos luego los datos que poseemos sobre la experiencia en Colombia. Finalizaremos esbozando alguna estrategia que signifique un avance hacia el objetivo ideal: cero muertes anestésicas, cero resultados adversos post-anestésicos


Subject(s)
Anesthesia , Colombia , Liability, Legal , Risk Factors , Safety
19.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-217842

ABSTRACT

Se trata de un estudio prospectivo, longitudinal y analítico del comportamiento psicomotriz, durante los dos primeros años de vida, de 90 Recién Nacidos Prematuros nacidos entre 1986 y 1989, con peso menor o igual a 1.800 gramos en la Maternidad Sardá. Se utilizó la Escala de Evaluación del Desarrollo Psicomotor (EEDP) de Rodríguez y cols. que capta, al operar con Edad Corregida hasta los 24 meses, las variaciones del desempeño psicomotor al detectar diferencias significativas respecto al desarrollo de niños de término. Este distinto comportamiento se observó en los meses que la EEDP exige la perfección de la función motora. Por el menor consumo de tiempo que demanda su aplicación es útil como instrumento facilitador del seguimiento en nuestro medio. Se observa necesario corregir la edad hasta los 2 años. Los resultados a los 12 y 24 meses señalan la importancia de la escolaridad materna igual o menor a 7 años como factor asociado a los mismos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Birth Weight , Child Development Disorders, Pervasive , Evaluation Study , Infant, Premature , Psychomotor Disorders/diagnosis , Psychomotor Disorders/rehabilitation , Follow-Up Studies , Maternal Behavior , Parent-Child Relations , Quality of Life , Risk Groups
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