ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to inventory the cladoceran fauna in wetlands located in two large areas that protect fragments of Cerrado. Located in the Brasília National Park-DF and Campo de Instrução de Formosa-GO, these wetlands are formed by upwelling groundwater, with extensive vegetation cover. We found 24 species in the Brasília National Park and 30 in the Campo de Instrução de Formosa. The observed richness reached approximately 80% of the estimated values for both protected areas. Moreover, the community of cladocerans in the kind of environment studied appears to be influenced by depth, with higher values of richness and similarity in wetlands of higher average depths. However, shallow wetlands contributed to the total richness with exclusive species, which shows the importance of these habitats for species richness.
O objetivo deste estudo foi inventariar a fauna de Cladocera em zonas úmidas localizadas em duas grandes áreas que protegem fragmentos de Cerrado. Estas estão localizadas no Parque Nacional de Brasília, DF, e Campo de Instrução de Formosa, Goiás, e são formadas pelo afloramento de lençol freático, com extensa cobertura vegetal. Foram encontradas 24 espécies no Parque Nacional de Brasília e 30 no Campo de Instrução de Formosa. A riqueza observada alcançou, aproximadamente, 80% dos valores estimados para ambas as áreas protegidas. Além disto, a comunidade de Cladocera no tipo de ambiente estudado parece ser influenciada pela profundidade, com maiores valores de riqueza e similaridade para áreas com maiores médias de profundidade. Contudo, as zonas úmidas mais rasas contribuíram para a riqueza total com espécies exclusivas, o que mostra a importância desses ambientes para a riqueza de espécies.
ABSTRACT
Though the basic principles of antibiotic prophylaxis have been well established, there is still considerable incorrect usage, including how much is prescribed and especially in the duration of treatment, which is generally superior to what is indicated. The adequate use of these drugs contributes towards decreasing the time of internment of the patient, prevents surgical site infection (SSI), decreasing the development of resistant microorganisms, and towards reduced costs for the hospital pharmacy. A protocol for the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in the Orthopedics and Traumatology Service of the Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo was developed. The objectives of the study were to promote rational antibiotic surgical prophylaxis, through the implantation of a protocol for the use of these drugs in a surgical unit, with the direct contribution of a druggist in collaboration with the Infection Control Committee, to evaluate the adhesion of the health team to the protocol during three distinct periods (daily pre-protocol, early post-protocol and late post-protocol) and to define the consumption of antimicrobials used, measured as daily defined dose.
Subject(s)
Humans , Antibiotic Prophylaxis/methods , Orthopedic Procedures/methods , Surgical Wound Infection/prevention & control , Antibiotic Prophylaxis/economics , Clinical Protocols , Drug Costs , Hospitals, General , Hospitals, PublicABSTRACT
A dermatite herpetiforme constitui uma doença cutânea auto-imune eritemato-pápulo-ve-siculosa e pruriginosa, que particularmente acomete as superfícies extensoras dos cotovelos, joelhos, nádegas, dorso e couro cabeludo.Embora os pacientes com dermatite herpetiforme raramente apresentem sintomas gastroin-testinais ou características de má absorção intestinal, a quase totalidade desses indivíduos demonstra pequenas alterações histopatológicas, desde o clássico aspecto atró?co com completa atro?a dos vilos intestinais ou mais comumente o subtipo de padrão in?ltrativo com atro?a vilosa parcial ou sem atro?a vilosa.Há vários relatos da associação entre dermatite herpetiforme e linfoma, sendo a maioria deles classi?cados como linfomas não-Hodgkin.A dapsona serve apenas para suprimir a atividade da doença, uma vez que a recorrência das manifestações ocorre após 24 a 72 horas da sua suspensão. O medicamento não tem atividade sobre a enteropatia glúten-sensível nem sobre a deposição da imunoglobulina A (IgA) na pele.
Subject(s)
Dermatitis HerpetiformisABSTRACT
Lake Paranoß is an eutrophic reservoir situated in the urban region of BrasÝlia. This study was carried out in a fixed collection station located in the Riacho Fundo branch of the reservoir. Zooplankton samples were collected at intervals of 3-5 d at 9:00 a.m. during two months in the dry and rainy seasons for two years (dry-1996, rainy-1997, dry-1997 and rainy-1998), using a 64 microns-mesh plankton net. The most predominant species was Thermocyclops decipiens (about 50 of the total zooplankton community), which during the whole period had a high reproductive rate. The highest densities were found in the dry-1996 season (1700 ind/l for nauplii), and also fluctuated widely overtime. Nauplii stages dominated during the four periods, comprising 50-75 of the total population density. Ovigerous females peaked in the dry-1996 and rainy-1997 seasons, with 20-30 of the total females. The largest peak in egg production occurred during the dry-1996 season, and the total egg production was 2.0 x 10(3) eggs/l. Mesocyclops longisetus is a first record for Lake Paranoß. The ecological factors that determine the success of T. decipiens in eutrophic systems are related to omnivorous feeding habits and prey-predator interactions.