ABSTRACT
Background: Rectal varices and hemorrhoids are a gastrointestinal complication of portal hypertension. There is a large discrepancy in previous studies regarding prevalence of rectal varices and hemorrhoids and their correlation with other factors
Aim of the work: goal of our study was evaluation of the effect of band ligation of oesophageal varices [OVs] on the evolution and/or progression of rectal varices and haemorrhoids
Patients and Methods: This study conducted on 50 post-HCV cirrhotic patients screened for esophageal varices. They were divided into two main groups; Group I: It included 25 post-HCV cirrhotic patients, screened for OVs, band ligation was indicated in them, and they were banded for OVs. Group II: It included 25 post-HCV cirrhotic patients, screened for OVs, and band ligation was not indicated in them. All of them were submitted to oesophagogastrodudenoscopy [OGD] for assessment of OVs and short colonoscopy for assessment of rectal varices and haemorrhoids at the baseline and after 6 months
Results: Obliteration of esophageal varices by endoscopic variceal band ligation did not affect the incidence of hemorrhoids [38% before and after] and anorectal varices [12% before and after]
Conclusion: It is concluded that esophageal variceal band ligation does not affect the incidence of hemorrhoids, or anorectal va1rices inpatients with liver cirrhosis
ABSTRACT
Background: biliary obstruction or cholestasis is a common medical or surgical problem. Broadly speaking, the causes can be divided into intrahepatic and extrahepatic. The diagnosis of biliary tree can be done by different imaging modalities starting from transabdominal ultrasonography, to magnetic resonance cholangeopancreatograpy [MRCP] to endoscopic ultrasonography [EUS] and endoscopic cholangeopancreatography [ERCP] for diagnosis and treatment
Aim of the present work: this study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of these different modalities when compared to ERCP as diagnostic methods for diagnosis of different biliary tree abnormalities
Patients and methods: eighty-four patients with obstructive jaundice were included and categorized into two groups group I: 56 patients with calcular obstructive jaundice, group II: 28 patients with non-calcular obstruction. Patients underwent history taking, clinical examination and routine laboratory investigations as well as tumor markers. Patients were examined by US, MRCP, EUS, ERCP and the findings of each modality were compared to ERCP
Results: the sensitivity and specificity of US in diagnosis of intrahepatic biliary dilatation [IHBRD] and common bile duct [CBD] dilatation were 81% , 100% and 33% and 100% for diagnosis of pancreatic tumors respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of MRCP in diagnosis of IHBRD was 97% and 100% successively and for CBD dilatation 79% and 100% successively and for diagnosis of pancreatic tumors 100% and 96% successively. The sensitivity and specificity of EUS in diagnosis of IHBRD were 100% and 100% successively and for CBD dilatation were 100% and 100% successively but in diagnosis of pancreatic tumors were 100% and 94% successively
Conclusion: Both MRCP and EUS were good diagnostic modalities for biliary obstruction and pancreatic tumors with sensitivity and specificity of >90% when compared to ERCP
ABSTRACT
Background: developmental delay occurs when a child exhibits a significant delay in the acquisition of milestones or skills, in one or more domains of development [i.e., gross motor, fine motor, speech/language, cognitive, personal/social, or activities of daily living]
Aim of the work: the present study aimed to investigate the most common risk factors of delayed development in children under four years attending Sohag General Hospital
Subjects and Methods: a case control study was conducted in Sohag General Hospital during the period from January 2015 to June 2016 on children attending Pediatric, Physiotherapy and Phoniatric clinics in Sohag General Hospital, Sohag Governorate. The sample size was 150 cases and 150 controls. One hundred and fifty children [aged 1.5 month to 48 months] diagnosed with developmental delay by a specialist or/and a developmental pediatrician were recruited as cases
Results: in the logistic regression model, the odds of developing delayed milestones is significantly higher among children with cyanosis [OR=16.391], low birth weight [OR=6.147], parental consanguinity [OR=5.489], 1st birth order [OR=4.048], urban residence [OR=3.702] and history of neonatal jaundice [OR=2.518]
Conclusion: the urban children, first children and from few number of family members were more frequently at risk for developmental delay
ABSTRACT
In this study, 40 adult male albino rats were used to investigate the effect of repeated immobilization stress on the musculoskeletal system and parathyroid hormone. The rats were divided into two equal groups [control and experimental]. The rats of the control group were kept in the housing cages, while those of the experimental group were put singly in cages 10 x 5 x 5 cm for six hours daily, then returned to the housing cages. This procedure was continued for 15 days. At the end of the experiment, blood was taken to estimate serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone. Specimens from skeletal muscles, long bones and joints were taken for a histological examination