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Rev. chil. infectol ; 29(supl.1): 19-22, set. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-656321

ABSTRACT

Pneumocystis jiroveci is an important pathogen in patients undergoing SOT and HSCT. Universal prophylaxis is recommended for all adults and children with SOT and HSCT, considering that its use significantly reduces the occurrence and mortality associated with pneumonia by this agent. The drug of choice is cotrimoxazole (A1) three times a week, low-dose scheme, that has proved equally effective and better tolerated than the daily regimen and/or at high doses. Prophylaxis starts 7 to 14 days post transplant in SOT recipients and post-implant in HSCT, with an average duration of 6 months except in liver and lung transplant as in HSCT with significant degree of immunosuppression, that lasts for 1 year. Alternatives for prophylaxis are dapsone (B2), aerosolized pentamidine (B2) and atovaquone (C2).


Pneumocystis jiroveci es un patógeno importante en pacientes sometidos a TOS y TPH. Se recomienda proilaxis universal a todos los pacientes adultos y niños sometidos a TOS o TPH porque su uso reduce signiicati-vamente la ocurrencia y mortalidad asociada a neumonía por este agente. El medicamento de elección es cotrimoxa-zol (A1) tres veces por semana, en dosis bajas, esquema que ha demostrado igual eicacia y mejor tolerancia que el esquema diario y/o con dosis altas. La proilaxis se inicia 7 a 14 días post trasplante en TOS y posterior al implante en TPH, con una duración promedio de 6 meses salvo en trasplante de hígado y pulmón en que se prolonga por 1 año, al igual que en TPH con grado importante de inmunosupresión. Son alternativas de profilaxis dapsona (B2), pentamidina aerosolizada (B2) y atavacuona (C2).


Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Humans , Anti-Infective Agents/administration & dosage , Organ Transplantation , Pneumonia, Pneumocystis/prevention & control , Stem Cell Transplantation , Drug Administration Schedule , Dapsone/administration & dosage , Evidence-Based Medicine , Incidence , Pneumocystis carinii , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Pentamidine/administration & dosage , Pneumonia, Pneumocystis/epidemiology , Pneumonia, Pneumocystis/microbiology , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Risk Factors , Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination/administration & dosage
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