25-Hydroxyvitamin D as a biomarker of vitamin D status in plaque psoriasis and other dermatological diseases: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Hypovitaminosis D is a public health problem associated with several chronic inflammatory and immunological diseases, including psoriasis. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in patients with plaque psoriasis. A comparison was made between vitamin D levels in patients with psoriasis and those with other non-inflammatory dermatoses without photosensitivity. In addition, it evaluated the effects of the patients' Fitzpatrick skin phototype and the season of the year on the serum levels of vitamin D. DESIGN AND SETTINGS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at an outpatient clinic in a university center in Juiz de Fora (MG), Brazil. METHODS: A review of dermatology patients' demographic data, including skin phototype and serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], over 12 months in 2016. RESULTS: This study included 554 patients: 300 patients allocated to the plaque psoriasis group and 254 control patients with other dermatological diseases. Regarding the season of the year, 229, 132, 62, and 131 participants were evaluated in summer, autumn, winter, and spring, respectively. As for the skin phototype, 397, 139, and 18 patients had phototypes III, IV, and V, respectively. The serum levels of 25(OH)D were significantly lower in the psoriasis group (24.91 ± 7.16 ng/mL) than in the control group (30.37 ± 8.14 ng/mL). CONCLUSIONS: Hypovitaminosis D (< 30 ng/mL) was present in 76.66% of patients with psoriasis versus 53.94% of control patients. Vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) was observed in 25% of the patients with psoriasis versus 8.66% in the control group (P < 0.001). The season and patient's skin phototype were independent predictors of serum vitamin D levels.

Is vitamin D status relevant to psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis? A retrospective cross-sectional study

Abstract BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a systemic, immune-mediated disease characterized by inflammatory manifestations in the skin and joints. Vitamin D deficiency is currently considered a pandemic and is associated with comorbidities including psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D [25(OH)D] in patients with plaque psoriasis, with and without PsA, and of independent predictors of serum 25(OH)D levels. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective cross-sectional study conducted among 300 patients at an outpatient clinic in a university center in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: Demographic and clinical data (psoriasis area and severity index [PASI], family history, age at onset, disease duration, and the presence of PsA according to Classification Criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis), skin phototype, and season of the year were reviewed. RESULTS: Hypovitaminosis D (< 30 ng/mL) was highly prevalent in patients with psoriasis with and without PsA (82.2% and 74.9%, respectively). An inverse correlation between PASI and vitamin D was found (without PsA r = -0.59 and, PsA r = -0.52, P < 0.001), and multivariate regression revealed that hypovitaminosis D was associated with disease severity, season, and phototype. It was confirmed by binary logistic regression between PASI and vitamin D deficiency (< 30 ng/mL), (odds ratio, OR 1.78 CI: -0.20-0.53, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Hypovitaminosis D (< 30 ng/mL) was highly prevalent in psoriatic patients with and without PsA. Season and skin phototype were associated with 25(OH)D levels. An inverse association between PASI and serum 25(OH)D levels was established.

Prevalence of psoriatic arthritis among patients with plaque psoriasis: a Brazilian retrospective study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Psoriatic arthritis is the most frequent and impactful comorbidity among psoriatic patients and appears in most cases after skin disease. Dermatologists play a key role in its early diagnosis and treatment. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of psoriatic arthritis and associated variables among patients with plaque psoriasis seen at a reference center for treating psoriasis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective cross-sectional study conducted among 300 patients at an outpatient clinic in a university center in Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil. METHODS: Standardized records of 300 patients with plaque psoriasis were examined. Demographic data and medical variables relating to psoriasis (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), family history, age at onset and disease progression) and psoriasis arthritis (CASPAR criteria) were evaluated. Laboratory and radiographic tests in the medical records were reviewed. RESULTS: Seventy-three (24.3%) of these 300 patients with plaque psoriasis had psoriatic arthritis. Asymmetric oligoarthritis (58.9%) was the most common clinical form, followed by polyarthritis (20.5%), distal interphalangeal arthritis (15.2%) and spondyloarthritis (5.4%). Dactylitis was present in 21.9% and enthesitis in 35.6% of patients. Compared with patients without arthritis, patients with arthritis had higher average age, higher frequency of positive family history of psoriasis, longer duration of evolution and higher PASI rates. CONCLUSION: Psoriatic arthritis is often underdiagnosed. Since dermatologists perform the initial approach, these professionals need to be trained to diagnose this comorbidity and treat it, together with rheumatologists.

Folliculotropic mycosis fungoides: challenging clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis

Abstract Mycosis fungoides is a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with various clinical and pathological presentations. Early lesions are nonspecific, which hinders early diagnosis. The folliculotropic subtype is manifested as acneiform lesions, follicular papules or erythematous plaques mainly on the face, neck and upper trunk. Histopathology shows dense lymphocytic infiltrate surrounding and infiltrating the hair follicles. A case of difficult histopathological diagnosis with florid and unusual skin lesions mainly on the face is reported.

Dermatite artefacta simulando vasculite necrotizante / Dermatitis artefacta simulating necrotizing vasculitis

A dermatite artefacta é síndrome psicossomática, constituída por lesões cutâneas produzidas pelo paciente e propositadamente negadas, considerada projeção na pele de uma doença mental. As lesões podem ser únicas ou múltiplas, de aparecimento abrupto, localizadas nas partes mais acessíveis ao alcance da mão. Apresentamos caso de dermatite artefacta com diagnóstico e terapêutica difíceis, simulando clinicamente vasculite necrotizante.

Dermatitis artefacta is a psychosomatic disease characterized by self-induced skin lesions, which patients consistently deny. It may be considered a projection of a mental disorder on the skin. Self-inflicted lesions vary widely in their morphology and distribution, and tend to occur on sites readily accessible by the patient’s hands. We report a case of dermatitis artefacta that was initially misdiagnosed and clinically simulated necrotizing vasculitis.

Dermatosesrelacionadas às doenças da tireóide / Skin diseases related to thiroid disease

As disfunçöes tiroidianas, näo raramente, manifestam-se em associaçäo ou induzem ao aparecimento de quadros cutâneos. Em algumas situaçöes, as queixas iniciais ou principais dos pacientes portadores de tiroidopatias säo relatadas como alteraçöes na pele e, assim sendo,os dermatologistas seräo os primeiros médicos a serem consultados. Neste artigo, descrevemos as alteraçöes cutâneas que ocorrem nos pacientes com doenças tiroidianas, tais como: cisto do ducto tireoglosso, metastase cutânea do câncer de tireóide e lesöes näo específicas relacionadas ao hipo e ao hipertiroidismo.

Acne hormonal: uma interface gineco-dermatológica / Hormonal acne: a gyneco-dermatological interface

Acne hormonal necessita de discussão e esclarecimentos quanto ao seu diagnóstico e tratamento corretos, pois trata-se de uma queixa frequente, tanto para o dermatologista, para o ginecologista e para o endocrinologista. Apresentamos orientações clínicas, semiológicas, diagnósticos diferenciais e moderno arsenal terapêutico.

Dermatoses do pavilhäo auricular / External ear dermatosis

Apresentamos uma atualizaçäo sobre as dermatoses que ocorrem no pavilhäo auricular. Propomos uma classificaçäo em sete grupos e realizamos uma sucinta descriçäo clínica de cada uma das 84 entidades catalogadas, de forma didática, com a finalidade de auxiliar o médico, sobretudo o clínico geral, o dermatologista e o otorrinolaringologista, no diagnóstico de tais patologias.

Tricologia / Tricology

A queda de cabelos ou alopécia possui muitas causas e pode surgir em qualquer momento da vida. É um assunto de extrema importância médica e social, já que podemos diagnosticar doenças sistêmicas a partir dessa queixa e, dependendo da extensäo do quadro clínico pode desencandear alteraçöes na vida social e profissional do paciente. Nesse artigo, os autores fazem uma revisäo das principais apresentaçöes clínicas, diagnóstico e avanços no tratamento das alopécias.

Condiloma de Buschke-Lowenstein em paciente com incontinência pigmentar / Buschke-Lowenstein condyloma in patient with incontinentia pigmenti

Relato de caso de incontinência pigmentar associado a condiloma de Buschke-Lowenstein. A síndrome de Bloch-Sulzberger, como também é denominada, é genodermatose autossômica dominante, ligada ao cromossoma X, e se caracteriza por alteraçöes pigmentares do tegumento e anormalidades de outros sistemas. Na literatura consultada näo há relatos das duas entidades associadas