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To report two cases of type 1.5 split cord malformation (SCM), a subtype of SCM with combined characteristics of types I and II and to review the relevant literature and propose a new possible pathogenetic theory for type 1.5 SCM. A 52-year-old woman had hemicords within a single dural sac with a dorsal bony septum at the L5 level. A 9-year-old boy had hemicords within a single dural sac with a ventral bony septum and fibrous extension at the L3 level. Both patients underwent microsurgical treatments for removing the bony septum, detethering the spinal cord, and sectioning the filum terminale. The surgical procedure revealed an extradural partial bony septum and hemicords within an intact single dural sac in each patient. Both patients were discharged from the hospital without de novo nerve dysfunction. Published cases have validated that types I and II SCM can overlap. We recommend recent type 1.5 SCM as a normative terminology for this overlapping SCM and report two rare cases of this SCM. We propose an associated pathogenesis consisting of uneven distribution and regression to explain type 1.5 SCM. Furthermore, we postulate that the amount of condensing meninx primitiva might determine whether the left bony septum has fibrous extensions to the opposite dura in type 1.5 SCM.
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Objective@#: Dermoid cysts are uncommon in spinal cord tumors, and the phenomenon of their spontaneous rupture into the syrinx cavity is quite rare. We aimed to analyze the imaging characteristics and etiologies, and propose some surgical strategies, for this uncommon phenomenon. @*Methods@#: We retrospectively reviewed 14 cases with spinal dermoid cysts that ruptured into the cervical and thoracic syrinx cavity. There were six male and eight female cases, aged 21 to 46 years, who had lipid droplets in the syrinx cavity from C1 to L3. The dermoid cysts were always located at the conus. Based on patients’ complaints, clinical manifestations, and imaging results, we adopted tumor excision and/or syrinx cavity aspiration in one stage or multiple stages. @*Results@#: Three patients had only a syrinx cavity aspiration surgery due to a history of dermoid cyst excision. Eight patients had dermoid cyst resection and syrinx cavity aspiration in one stage. One patient was operated upon in two stages due to the development of new symptoms at nine months follow-up. Two patients underwent only tumor resection since they did not show similar symptoms or signs caused by the cervicothoracic syrinx. The axial magnetic resonance imaging indicated that the lipid droplets were always not at the center but were eccentric. The clinical effect was satisfactory during the follow-up period in this group. @*Conclusion@#: The lipid droplets filled the spinal syrinx cavity, not entirely confined to the central canal. Based on the chief complaints and associated signs, we adopted different surgical strategies and had satisfactory clinical results.
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Objective To explore protein extraction efficiency from formaldehyde-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissue samples with different protocols. Methods Six different lysis buffers with 100 °C or 105 °C. treatments were used for protein extraction, followed by evaluation of protein quantity and quality with Bradford, sodium dodecyl sulfate Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) electrophoresis, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC), using 8 FFPE samples of ESCC. Results The optimal method for protein extraction from FFPE ESCC tissue was Laemmli lysis buffer (Buffer 4) treated with 100 °C incubation, evidenced by highest amount of protein recovery. Western blotting and IHC method measured consistent 14-3-3σ expression in FFPE ESCC tissue samples. Protein precipitated by two volumes of acetonitrite acetonitrile(ACN) (0.1% trifluoroacetic acid) relative to protein amount reduced background staining on SDS-PAGE gels by commassie staining. Conclusion Laemmli lysis buffer combined with 100 °C incubation has the highest protein extraction efficiency from FFPE ESCC tissue samples for Western blotting measurement of protein biomarkers, and ACN protein precipitation can further eliminate residual cross- linked protein by FFPE.
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Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TSP-1 gene on angiogenesis in human osteosar-coma and its mechanism of action. Methods MG-63 cells were transfected with constructing pBPLV-shRNA-TSP-1 vector and pBPLV-TSP-1 expression vector. Cell viability was measured by CCK8,and its invasive ability was measured by Transwell assay. The expression of CD36 in intracells was detected by immunofluorescence. The expression levels of TSP-1,CD36,p38MAPK,VEGF, VEGFR-1,EGF and PDGF were detected in MG-63 cells by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Results The cell viability and inva-sion ability were significantly increased after transfected pBPLV-TSP-1 vector compared with the empty vector group(P<0. 05), and significantly decreased after transfected pBPLV-shRNA-TSP-1 vector( P<0. 05). The expression of TSP-1,EGF,P38, PDGF,VEGF and VEGFR -1 at mRNA and protein levels was significantly increased after transfection pBPLV -TSP -1 ( P <0. 05),and significantly decreased after transfection pBPLV-shRNA-TSP-1 vector(P<0. 05). Conclusion TSP-1 gene can promote the proliferation and invasion of MG-63 cells,and promote the formation of human osteosarcoma,indicating its mechanism related to the increase of growth factors EGF,VEGF,PDGF and activation of P38-MAPK pathway.
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Objective To investigate the effect of ica operon on adherence and biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis(S.epidermidis)at orthopedic implants,and to provide theoretical basis for the use of clinical orthopedic materials.Methods The icaADBC genes of S.epidermidis were amplified by PCR.The expression of ica genes was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR.The contents of polysaccharide intercellular adhesion (PIA) were determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method.The ability of bacterial adherence was detected by colony counting method and the ability of biofilm formation was measured by crystal violet staining method.Results The icaADBC genes were presented and expressed in eleven S.epidermidis strains.The strains with high icaABDC gene expression had higher PIA product.S.epidermidis isolates had the strongest adherence and biofilm formation ability on bone material,followed by titanium and stainless steel.The expression of icaA gene correlated with the biofilm formation of bacteria on three biomaterials.Conclusion S.epidermidis isolates had the different adherence and biofilm formation on different biomaterial implants.Ica gene regulates the biofilm formation of S.epidermidis by regulating the expression of PIA.
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Objective To evaluate the consistency of estradiol kits between E2-Ⅲ and the upgraded Enhanced Estradiol(eE2)kit with chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer Siemens ADVIA Centaur.Methods Used duplicate samples and removed outliers to test the two reagents′stability;document EP9-A2 were used as reference to do the methodological comparison and bias estimation. Results There was good correlation between the two reagents with different concentrations,the correlation coefficients were grea-ter than 0.975;the percentage of bias was varied among different groups.Conclusion It is effective to reduce the interference of up-dated estradiol kits on the assisted reproduction treatment cycles by assessing the bias through comparison tests of the two kits in advance.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression and clinical significance of KiSS- 1 and E- cadherin in gastric cardia carcinoma and the correlation between the two proteins.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of KiSS- 1 and E- cadherin in 80 patients with gastric cardia carcinoma and 20 patients with normal gastric cardia epithelium was detected by immunohistochemical technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of KiSS- 1 was negatively correlated with lymphatic metastasis and clinical stage (P < 0.05), but not correlated with the cancer differentiation (P < 0.05). The expression of E- cadherin was negatively correlated with lymphatic metastasis, clinical stage, and cancer differentiation (P < 0.05). Spearman test showed a positive correlation between KiSS- 1 and E- cadherin expression (r(s)=0.722, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>KiSS- 1 and E- cadherin may play important roles in inhibiting the invasion and metastasis of gastric cardia carcinoma.</p>