Multi-factor analysis of sellar floor dural suture, bone reconstruction and pedicled nasoseptal flap in skull base reconstruction / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To evaluate the efficacy and weight of sellar floor repair techniques such as different dura suture, bone reconstruction, and pedicled nasoseptal flap (PNSF) on the skull base reconstruction of medium and high flow cerebrospinal fluid leakage during endonasal endoscopic pituitary adenoma surgery. 【Methods】 We collected the data of Grade 2-3 cerebrospinal fluid leakage (Kelly grade) during endonasal endoscopic pituitary adenoma resection in our hospital from January 2015 to April 2021. Multiple reconstruction techniques such as dura suture, bone reconstruction and PNSF, and related factors such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, tumor size and diameter of diaphragmatic defect were recorded and introduced to multivariate regression to analyze the effects of the above factors on the duration of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and bed rest time, with a special focus on the weight priority of dura suture, bone reconstruction, and PNSF. 【Results】 A total of 281 patients were included, with the average age of (47±12.6) years, males accounting for 52.6%. There were 93 cases of PNSF, 268 cases of bone reconstruction, 109 cases of dura anchor suture, 50 cases of patch suture, and 122 cases without suture. The results of multivariate analysis indicated that the application of PNSF, bone reconstruction, and dura suture significantly reduced postoperative rhinorrhea time [reduced by 18.524, 35.876, and 16.983/19.791 (anchor suture/patch suture) hours, respectively; all PPNSF>bone reconstruction [Standard β=0.211/0.207 (anchor suture/patch suture)>0.200>0.165]. The weight of reducing bed time was bone reconstruction >dura suture > PNSF [Standard β=0.239>0.206/0.210 (anchor suture/patch suture) >0.164]. After stabilizing the learning curve in 25-30 cases, the average time for bone reconstruction was (3.9±0.4) minutes. After stabilizing learning curve in 30-40 cases, the dura suture technique took an average of (3.7±0.3) minutes per stitch, (3.7±1.0) stitches per case, and (13.6±2.7) minutes of total time consumption per case. 【Conclusion】 Dural anchoring and patching suture can both effectively shorten the duration of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and bed rest time. Bone reconstruction significantly improves the stability of reconstruction, especially in prompting patients’ early disengagement of bed rest. Moreover, the learning curves of the above two methods are economical and reasonable, and their weight is close to or even exceeds that of PNSF. Therefore, they can be an effective supplement or even substitute for PNSF.

Discussion on medical postgraduate enrollment quality based on characteristic analysis of students applying for Peking University Third Hospital / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To realize the characteristics of postgraduate students applying for Peking University Third Hospital and to explore the strategies to improve the enrollment quality on the background of "Double first-class".Methods:Enrollment data from 2015 to 2019 of the Peking University Third Hospital was statistically analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software. For variables that did not conform to the normal distribution, median and quartile were utilized for description. Mann-Whitney U test was utilized for comparison between admission group and non-admission group. For the counting data, number of cases and proportion were utilized for description. The comparison between groups was performed by chi-square test or Fisher precision test. All tests were two-sided and had a significance level of 0.05. Results:The average enrollment ratio was 4.9∶1. The overall admission rate of first choice was 76.9% (450/585), which kept increased steadily, and the gap between national key clinical specialties and non-key specialties was narrowed. The geographical distribution of students was mainly in north China (30%, 175/585) and east China (28%, 164/585). The admission group had characteristics of high score of CET-6 (505 vs. 480, Z=-5.86, P<0.001) and young age (24 vs. 25, Z=-8.15, P<0.001). The proportion of "985", "211" or "Double first-class" universities, patents invention, conference speeches and high level awards in admission group was higher than that in non-admission group. Conclusion:Sustainable policies should be taken to constantly improve the quality of enrollment including establishing sound mechanism of discipline adjustment and optimization, increasing the publicity of enrollment nationwide, and strengthening the selection of the comprehensive ability of students centered on the construction of first-class disciplines.

Application of bone-mucosa embedding reconstruction with naso-sphenoidal in-situ autologous material on medium-flow cerebral spinal fluid leak during endoscopic endonasal surgery of pituitary adenoma / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To introduce the repair application in medium-flow cerebrospinal fluid leakage during transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection by using autologous material from the surgical site in situ， combined with dural suture and bone-mucosa embedding technique， and evaluate its effect. 【Methods】 We conducted a retrospective case analysis of medium-flow cerebrospinal fluid leakage during endoscopic transsphenoidal approach pituitary tumor resection in our hospital from September 2016 to March 2020. All the collected cases were divided into two groups. In situ material harvest group： dural suture + in situ bone-mucosa embedding， avoiding additional trauma to the thigh and nasal cavity， referred to as in situ group. Traditional multi-layer reconstruction group： fat + fascia lata + pedicled nasoseptal flap （PNSF）， referred to as traditional group. The important indexes related to repair were compared and analyzed between the two groups. 【Results】 The in situ group and the traditional group consisted of 108 and 63 cases， respectively. The baseline data of the two groups were comparable. For the incidence of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage ［（1/108， 0.9%） vs. （1/63， 1.6%）， P>0.05］ and intracranial infection rate ［（2/108， 1.9%） vs. （2/63， 3.2%）， P>0.05］， no statistical difference was shown between the groups. While compared with that in the traditional group， the mean postoperative bed stay time ［（3.7±1.6） vs. （4.4±1.5） days， P<0.001］ and the mean postoperative hospital stay ［（5.8±1.8） vs. （6.5±1.7） days， P<0.001］ of the in situ group were significantly shorter. The in situ group had significantly lower incidences of postoperative olfactory disturbance ［（0/108， 0%） vs. （3/63， 4.8%）， P<0.05］ and nasal discomfort ［（3/108， 2.8%） vs. （7/63， 11.1%）， P<0.05］. Follow-up imaging and endoscopic examination showed that the reconstructed structure of the in situ group was stable， and there was no delayed cerebrospinal fluid leakage. 【Conclusion】 This technique showed a reliable effect in repairing medium-flow leaks during transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection by restoring the anatomical structure while avoiding the additional trauma. It is beneficial to shortening bed stay and hospitalization time and improving the subjective experience of patients， thus having a great value in clinical application.

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of rheumatoid arthritis with ulcerative keratitis / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical characteristics, risk factors and prognosis of ulcerative keratitis (UK) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).@*METHODS@#Sixteen patients with UK (the UK group) were screened among 4 773 RA patients hospitalized at Peking University People's Hospital from January 2003 to May 2021, and 72 patients with RA without UK in the control group were selected by propensity score matching (PSM). The clinical features, laboratory data and medications between the two groups were collected and analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The average age of the patients with RA was 60 years at the time of the complication of UK. UK appeared on average in the 16th year of RA, with the majority of UK occurring in the 7th year of RA and beyond (14 cases), however, a minority of UK was the first symptom of RA (1 case). UK associated with RA manifested as simple marginal UK in 8 cases, marginal UK with perforation in 5 cases, marginal UK with uveitis in 2 cases and central UK with perforation in 1 case. The number of swollen joints was significantly higher in the UK group than in the control group [6.0(2.5, 23.0) vs. 3.0(1.0, 9.8), Z=-2.047, P=0.041], and the proportion of secondary Sjögren syndrome (SS, 37.5% vs. 6.9%, χ2=11.175, P=0.004) and interstitial lung disease (ILD, 37.5% vs. 8.3%, χ2=9.456, P=0.008) were significantly higher in the RA patients with UK than the patients without UK. The uses of sulfasalazine (12.5% vs. 48.6%, χ2=7.006, P=0.008), leflunomide (31.3% vs. 63.9%, χ2=5.723, P=0.017) and gold salt(6.3% vs. 33.8%, χ2=4.841, P=0.032)were significantly lower in the UK group than in the control group. However, there was no statistically significant comparison between the two groups for the 28-joint disease activity score-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (5.3±1.8 vs. 5.1±1.6, t=0.309, P=0.761). Logistic analysis showed the number of swollen joints (OR=1.148), secondary SS (OR=79.118), complicated with ILD (OR=6.596) and the use of sulfasalazine (OR=0.037) were independent relevant factors (P < 0.05) for UK in RA patients.@*CONCLUSION@#The number of swollen joints, secondary SS, complicated with ILD and the use of sulfasalazine are independent relevant factors for UK in patients with RA.

Blocking ERK signaling pathway lowers MMP-9 expression to alleviate brain edema after traumatic brain injury in rats / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of blocking the activation of ERK pathway on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and the formation of cerebral edema in SD rats after brain injury.@*METHODS@#Ninety SD rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups, including a sham-operated group, modified Feeney's traumatic brain injury model group, and ERK inhibition group where the ERK inhibitor SCH772984 (500 μg/kg) was injected via the femoral vein 15 min before brain trauma. At 2 h and 2 days after brain trauma, the permeability of blood-brain barrier was assessed by Evans blue method, the water content of the brain tissue was determined, and the phosphorylation level of ERK and the expression level of MMP-9 mRNA and protein were measured by RT-PCR and Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the sham-operated group, the rats with brain trauma exhibited significantly increased level of ERK phosphorylation at 2 h and significantly increased expression of MMP-9 mRNA and protein 2 days after the injury ( < 0.01). Treatment with the ERK inhibitor significantly decreased the phosphorylation level of ERK after the injury ( < 0.01), suppressed over-expression of MMP-9 mRNA and protein 2 days after the injury ( < 0.01). The permeability of blood-brain barrier increased significantly 2 h after brain trauma ( < 0.05) and increased further at 2 days ( < 0.01); the water content of the brain did not change significantly at 2 h ( > 0.05) but increased significantly 2 d after the injury ( < 0.01). Treatment with the ERK inhibitor significantly lowered the permeability of blood-brain barrier and brain water content after brain trauma ( < 0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Blocking the activation of ERK pathway significantly reduced the over-expression of MMP-9 and alleviates the damage of blood-brain barrier and traumatic brain edema, suggesting that ERK signaling pathway plays an important role in traumatic brain edema by regulating the expression of MMP-9.

Blocking ERK signaling pathway lowers MMP-9 expression to alleviate brain edema after traumatic brain injury in rats / 浙江大学学报·医学版

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of blocking the activation of ERK pathway on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and the formation of cerebral edema in SD rats after brain injury.@*METHODS@#Ninety SD rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups, including a sham-operated group, modified Feeney's traumatic brain injury model group, and ERK inhibition group where the ERK inhibitor SCH772984 (500 μg/kg) was injected via the femoral vein 15 min before brain trauma. At 2 h and 2 days after brain trauma, the permeability of blood-brain barrier was assessed by Evans blue method, the water content of the brain tissue was determined, and the phosphorylation level of ERK and the expression level of MMP-9 mRNA and protein were measured by RT-PCR and Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the sham-operated group, the rats with brain trauma exhibited significantly increased level of ERK phosphorylation at 2 h and significantly increased expression of MMP-9 mRNA and protein 2 days after the injury ( < 0.01). Treatment with the ERK inhibitor significantly decreased the phosphorylation level of ERK after the injury ( < 0.01), suppressed over-expression of MMP-9 mRNA and protein 2 days after the injury ( < 0.01). The permeability of blood-brain barrier increased significantly 2 h after brain trauma ( < 0.05) and increased further at 2 days ( < 0.01); the water content of the brain did not change significantly at 2 h ( > 0.05) but increased significantly 2 d after the injury ( < 0.01). Treatment with the ERK inhibitor significantly lowered the permeability of blood-brain barrier and brain water content after brain trauma ( < 0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Blocking the activation of ERK pathway significantly reduced the over-expression of MMP-9 and alleviates the damage of blood-brain barrier and traumatic brain edema, suggesting that ERK signaling pathway plays an important role in traumatic brain edema by regulating the expression of MMP-9.

Exploration and practice of clinical medical postgraduates management during the national prevention of COVID-19 spread / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:To explore the difficulties and measures of clinical medical postgraduates management during the national prevention of COVID-19 pandemic.Methods:This study mainly used the document review, interview and questionnaire survey methodologies, to investigate the clinical medical postgraduates school situation, online teaching, training, scientific research, psychological state during prevention of COVID-19 emergency.Results:Up to February 14, 2020, the return rate of professional degree postgraduates was 92.8% (256/276). The average score of postgraduates participating in epidemic prevention and control training was 86.59. The effect of online learning was basically the same as that of face-to-face classroom teaching. Up to March 6, 2020, the in-hospital submission rate of postgraduates’ thesis was 50.0% (65/130). Facing the pressures of COVID-19 emergency, 62.6% professional degree postgraduates (124/198) and 35.4% (70/198) academic postgraduates suffered some anxiety or depression, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:During the COVID-19 prevention and control period, it is important to innovate work style, found the linkage system of education department-clinical department-tutor-postgraduates, pay attention to physical and mental health of postgraduates, ensure the quality of teaching, adopt various measures to do well in the education and management of clinical medical postgraduates.

Erythropoietin accelerates the proliferation of glioma cells via activating Akt pathway / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine whether erythropoietin (EPO) promotes rapid proliferation of glioma through Akt pathway.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We detected the expression of EPO in human glioma tissues using immunohistochemistry. A nude mouse model bearing human glioma U87 cell xenograft was established and given intraperitoneal injection of EPO or saline every other day, and the tumor growth was observed. In the in vitro experiment, U87 cells were treated with PBS (control), EPO, or EPO with Akt inhibitor, and the expression of p-Akt and cyclin D1 was detected using Western blotting; the cell proliferation rate was determined using cell counting kit-8 and clone formation assay, and the cell cycle changes were analyzed with flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with low-grade glioma tissues, high-grade glioma tissues exhibited a significantly increased EPO expression (P=0.0002). In the tumor-bearing mice, EPO treatment significantly increased the expression of EPO (P=0.0006) and p-Akt (P=0.0003) in the tumor and obviously increased the tumor volume (P<0.0001) and weight (P=0.0003). In U87 cells cultured in vitro, EPO treatment obviously accelerated the cell proliferation (P=0.020 on day 3 and 0.028 on day 5), promoted clone formation (P=0.0010), and increased proliferation index (P=0.0028); EPO significantly enhanced the protein expression of p-Akt (P=0.0020) and cyclin D1 (P=0.0022). The application of Akt inhibitor significantly suppressed the effect of EPO in enhancing cyclin D1 and p-Akt expression (both P<0.0001) and promoting cell proliferation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EPO can significantly accelerate the proliferation of glioma through Akt pathway.</p>

ATP1A1 gene silencing inhibits the invasion of human glioma cells U251 in vitro / 基础医学与临床

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of silencing ATP1A1 gene on invasion ability of human U251 glioma cells.Methods The human U251 glioma cells were infected with lentivirus expressing shRNA-ATP1A1.The mRNA and protein expression of ATP1A1 in U251 glioma cells was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot,respectively.The proliferation of U251 glioma cells was determined by MTT assay.The migration and invasion ability were detected by cell scratch test and Transwell chamber.The protein expression of matrix metallo proteinase 2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 in U251 glioma cells were detected by Western blot.Results The mRNA and protein expression of ATP1A1 in the silence group were significantly inhibited,The ability of proliferation, migration and invasion were also significantly inhibited (P<0.05),The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were also significantly reduced,there was a significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusions RNA interference targeting ATP1A1 gene can significantly inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma U251 cells.The mechanism might be related to the down-reguLation of MMP-9 and MMP-2.ATP1A1 can be used as a potential target for the treatment of glioma.

The effect of high intensity focused ultrasound on VEGF and PCNA expression and apoptosis of subcutane-ous neurogliocytoma in nude mice / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Objective To explore the effects of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) on cell multiplication and apoptosis at exposure coverage and marginal zone and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen and apoptosis of subcutaneous neurogliocytoma in nude mice. Methods Eighteen nude mice bearing subcutaneous human neurogliocytoma were consecutively ablated in 20s by an extracorporeal HIFU with 9.7MHz transducer (the focal length of 4.5mm and focal intensity 2500W/cm2). The 18 nude mice were randomly di?vided into 7 d group,14 d group and 30 d group according to sacrifice date. Immunohistochemical method, TdT-mediat?ed dUTP nick end labeling method were used to examine the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and prolifer?ating cell nuclear antigen and apoptosis at exposure coverage, marginal zone and normal zone, respectively. Results The expression of VEGF and proliferating cell nuclear antigen were evident at exposure coverage, marginal zone and normal zone in 7, 14 and 30 days after ablation. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and apoptosis were absent at exposure coverage in 7,14 and 30 days after ablation. The percentage of VEGF expression was lower in marginal zone than in normal zone (23.79%± 3.11% vs. 46.16%± 2.43%) in 7 d after ablation (F=110.03,P<0.05). The percentage of VEGF expression was also lower (10.94%±3.95%) in exposure coverage than in normal zone (46.16%±2.43%) in 7 d af?ter ablation (F=272.80,P<0.05). The percentage of VEGF expression was lower in marginal zone than in normal zone (17.17%±2.89%vs. 43.47%±3.77%) in 14 d after ablation (F=152.05,P<0.05). The percentage of VEGF expression was lower in marginal zone than in normal zone (9.27%± 2.08%vs. 44.58%± 3.34%) in 30 d after ablation (F=274.1,P<0.05 2). The proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling index(PCNA LI) was lower in marginal zone than in normal zone ((33.04%±4.31%vs. 65.15%±3.85%) in 7 d after ablation (F=242.46, P<0.05). The PCNA LI was lower in marginal zone than in normal zone (21.05%± 1.96%vs. 62.99%± 3.34%) in 14 d after ablation (F=413.52, P<0.05). The PCNA LI was lower in marginal zone than in normal zone (6.36%± 0.51% vs. 62.07%± 18.07%) in 30 d after ablation, (F=729.59, P<0.05) .The apoptotic index (AI) was higher in marginal zone than in normal zone (26.10%±4.54%vs. 1.43%±0.35%) in 7 d after ablation, (F=216.22, P<0.05). The apoptotic index(AI) was higher in marginal zone than in normal zone (65.70%± 1.14% vs. 1.82%± 0.31%) in 14d after ablation (F=1448.64, P<0.05). The apoptotic index (AI) was higher in marginal zone than in normal zone (82.02%± 3.98% vs. 2.52%± 0.29%) in 30d after ablation (F=2244.33, P<0.05). Conclusion The present study demonstrates that an extracorporeal HIFU with 9.7MHz transducer (the focal length of 4.5mm and fo?cal intensity 2500W/cm2) can completely ablate neurogliocytoma at exposure coverage and inhibit the proliferation of neurogliocytoma at marginal zone. Thus, HIFU may be a new and selective treatment for neurogliocytoma.

Clinical observation of using surgery to treat hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) patients / 中国基层医药

Objective To discuss the clinical effects of using CT positioning keyhole approach to treat hy-pertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH).Methods 85 cases of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemor-rhage(HICH) were chosen and divided into two groups according to the operation methods:the observation group had 55 cases given CT positioning keyhole approach ,while the control group had 30 cases treated with traditional cranioto-my hematoma removal operation .All patients were supplemented by postoperative blood pressure control and nutrition -al support treatment .The average operation time ,hematoma disappearing time ,the length of hospital stay and re-bleed-ing rates and postoperative ability of daily life ( ADL) scores of the two groups were all carefully recorded and com-pared.Results The average operation time,hematoma disappearing time and hospital stay of the observation group were (66.5 ±12.8)min,(3.4 ±1.3)d,and (9.3 ±1.7)day which were all significantly lower than those of the con-trol group(193.5 ±23.7)min,(5.8 ±2.1)d and (15.2 ±3.8)d;T-test values of the two groups were 2.874,3.125 and 3.433 separately(P0.05).6 months′follow-up after opera-tion,in the control group 2 cases were lost to follow-up while in the observation group 3 cases were lost to follow-up;Using ADL to evaluate the two groups of patients with survival and continuous follow-up,we found that the observation group′s postoperative quality of life was better than that of the control group′s(μ=3.325,P<0.05).Conclusion Using CT positioning keyhole approach has smaller trauma , shorter operation time and faster postoperative recovery and other characteristics,which is an effective method for the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(HICH).

Herbal iontophoresis and rotation manipulation management on lumbar disc herniation / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To observe the curative effect of herbal iontophoresis with rotation manipulation treating lumbar disc herniation.Methods 84 patients from July 2011 to July 2012 with lumber disc herniation in Electric Power hospital of Capital Medical University were randomly divided into two groups (a testing group n=42,a control group n=42).The testing group was treated with herbal iontophoresis and rotation manipulation,and the control group was treated with rotation manipulation only.The Visual Analogue Scale and Macnab standard for curative effect were observed before the treatment and 3 weeks later after the treatment.Results The total effective rate was 88.1％ and 66.7％ in the testing group and the control group respectively,the difference between two groups was statistically significant (chi-square=5.51,P=0.02＜0.05).The VAS before and after treatment in testing group were (7.31±1.39) and (2.41±1.62) respectively,compared with (7.19± 1.38) and (3.07± 1.28) in the control group.The VAS and curative effect indexes were both improved in the two groups,but the testing group increased more apparent,and the difference between the two groups was significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion The curative effect of herbal iontophoresis and rotation manipulation treating lumber disc herniation was sound.

Role of micro-neurosurgery training in the cultivation of specialty degree neurosurgery post-graduates / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Taking microneurosurgery approach and applied surgical anatomy training as the core and combining theoretical teaching and perioperative training as the main contents , training program achieved significant effect among specialty degree neurosurgery postgraduates. In order to further improve the quality of training, it is proposed to set up micro-neurosurgery training center and more complete train-ing system based on micro-neurosurgery contents thus to improve clinical ability of specialty degree neuro-surgery postgraduates.

Expression and relationship of Beclin1 and Bci2 in invasive pituitary adenomas / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To detect the expression of Beclin1 and Bcl2 in invasive pituitary adenomas and to explore the relationship of Beclin1 and Bci2 in invasive pituitary adenomas and the relativity between the 2 genes.Methods 61 specimens were classified into invasive group (32 cases) and non-invasive group (29 cases) according to the comprehensive evaluation of invasive pituitary adenomas.lmmunofluorescence analysis and RT-PCR were adopted respectively to detect the protein and mRNA expressions of Beclinl and Bcl2.The difference and relativity of Beclin1 and Bcl2 expression in invasive group and non-invasive group were analyzed.Results 32 specimens of pituitary adenoma were invasive and 29 were non-invasive.Beclin1 protein and mRNA expressions were lower in the invasive group than in the non-invasive group (P ＜0.01 ).Bcl2 protein and mRNA expressions were higher in the invasive group than in the non-invasive group (P ＜0.01 ).Pearson related analysis showed that Beclin1 mRNA expression was negtively correlated with Bcl2 mRNA expression in the invasive group ( r =-0.42,P =0.028 ).Conclusions Beclinl expression is decreased in invasive pituitary adenomas.The invasiveness of pituitary adenoma is closely related to the high expression of Bcl2 protein and mRNA,and the low expression of Beclin1 protein and mRNA.The inhibition of the autophagy may lead to the enhancement of the invasiveness of pituitary adenomas and that inhibition may come from the interaction of Beclin1 and Bcl2.

Growth hormone treatment for hypopituitarism after sellar tumor operation / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of growth hormone replacement therapy on life quality of patients with growth hormone deficiency after sellar tumor surgery.Methods The data of 13 patients undergoing sellar tumor resection and suffering postoperative hypopituitarism from Jun.2009 to Dec.2010.were collected.Each of them was given daily 0.5 units growth hormone (about 0.17 mg) as replacement therapy.The life quality of patients at different time points was evaluated with QoL-GDHA scale.SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results 1,3,and 6 months after treatment,QoL-GDHA score of the patients was 3.91± 2.29,3.38 + 2.43,and 3.23 + 2.28 repectively,significantly lower than before ( 8.69 ± 2.66).The difference had statistical significance (P ＜0.05 ).Conclusion Growth hormone replacement therapy can significantly improve the life quality of patients with hypopituitarism after sellar tumor surgery.

Effective guidance for clinical type postgraduates in department of neurosurgery / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This article shared opinions on how to effective educate clinical type postgraduates in department of neurosurgery based on the teaching models in the first affiliated hospital of Chongqing medical university. In the proposed training program,medical ethics education and comprehensive training including clinical thinking and practical skills training should be emphasized.Scientific inquisitiveness of the neurological research and the writing and oral communication in English should also be promoted.This training program will be fully committed to produce highly qualified,ethical and caring neurosurgeons for future needs of the society.

Cultivation of clinical ability of postgraduate students in neurosurgery / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The cultivation of clinical ability is also very important for postgraduate students in neurosurgery besides the cultivating of innovative scientific research ability and the quality-ori-ented education.We think that attention should be paid to issues such as emphasizing the educa-tion in humanities and the cultivation of good medical ethics and medical style,stressing the training of medical communication capability,re-teaching of basic neurosurgical knowledge,im-proving basic clinical skills,and strengthening the cultivation of scientific clinical thinking.

Survey of development and present state of acupuncture and moxibustion literature abroad / 中国针灸

Statistics and analysis of the literature about academic studies of acupuncture and moxibustion 2006 ago are made by means of the authoritative medical literature data retrieving system MEDLINE, and the arrangement are made in order of the kinds of journals and the number of academic paper issued, so as to understand the survey of literature of acupuncture and moxibustion in the world and position of the literature of acupuncture and moxibustion of our country in the world.

Relationship of PTTG, bFGF, P53 expressions with invasiveness of pituitary adenoma / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To explore the relationship between mRNA and protein expressions of PTTG, bFGF, P53 with tumorigenesis and invasiveness of pituitary adenoma. Methods The protein expressions of PTTG, bFGF, P53 were detected by immunohistochemical analysis, and their mRNA expressions were by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 63 specimens of pituitary adenoma that was classified into invasive and non-invasive according to Wilson’s modified staging. Results Thirty-four specimens of pituitary adenoma were invasive and 29 non-invasive. The expressions of PTTG, bFGF, P53 were significantly higher in invasive pituitary adenoma than in non-invasive. The analysis of correlation showed that in invasive pituitary adenoma, the positive correlation exists between PTTG and bFGF mRNA (r=0.81, P

High intensity focused ultrasound ablation for human malignant gliomas in vitro / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To explore the efficiency,safety and suitable dosage of the non-invasive treatment of malignant gliomas with high intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU).Methods An extracorporeal HIFU with 9.7 MHz transducer(focal length: 4.5 mm,focal intensity: 2 500 W/cm~(2)) was used.Fifteen resected human malignant gliomas were randomly assigned to receive HIFU ablation for 10,20,30 s.After the treatment,the exposure coverage and marginal zone were collected and examined by HE staining and electron microscope.Results Exposure coverage and margin was safe in 10 s group.Typical coagulation necrosis was detected at exposure coverage with no detectable change at margin in 20 s group.Typical coagulation necrosis was seen at both exposure coverage and margin in 30 s group.Conclusion Under the parameters used in this study,20 s is a beneficial therapeutic dosage.HIFU is an accurate method for malignant gliomas ablation.