Effect and Safety of Cinnamaldehyde on Immunosuppressed Mice with Invasive Pulmonary Candidiasis / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effect and safety of cinnamaldehyde on immunosuppressed mice with invasive pulmonary candidiasis.@*METHODS@#An immunosuppressed BALB/c mouse model was established by intraperitoneal administration of cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg) once daily for 2 days. The immunosuppressed mouse with invasive pulmonary candidiasis model was further established by nasal perfusion of Candida albicans suspension. In the cinnamaldehyde treatment group, immunosuppressed mice with invasive pulmonary candidiasis were orally given cinnamaldehyde 240 mg/(kg·d) for 14 consecutive days. Fluconazole and 0.9% saline were used as the positive and negative controls, respectively. The mice in the cinnamaldehyde safety evaluation group were orally administered cinnamaldehyde 480 mg/(kg·d) for 42 days to observe the safety of the drug. Microscopic identification, fungal culture, histopathological examination, and (1,3)-beta-D-glucans detection were conducted to analyze the effect of cinnamaldehyde on C. albicans.@*RESULTS@#The fungal clearance rate in the cinnamaldehyde treatment group was higher than that in the fluconazole control group (80.00% vs. 56.67%, P<0.05). The level of (1,3)-β-D-glucan in the cinnamaldehyde treatment group was lower than that in the fluconazole positive control group (1160.62 ±89.65 pg/mL vs. 4285.87 ± 215.62 pg/mL, P<0.05). The survival rate of mice in the cinnamaldehyde safety evaluation group was 100%, and no significant pathological changes of kidney, lung and liver were observed.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Cinnamaldehyde was effective and safe in treating immunosuppressed BALB/c mice with invasive pulmonary candidiasis. It would be a potentially novel drug for anti-candidiasis infection.

Analysis on Changes of Chemical Components in Enzymolysis Process of Raphani Semen Pieces Based on HPLC-DAD Characteristic Spectra / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To analyze the dynamic changes of components in the enzymolysis process of raw products of Raphani Semen. Method: HPLC was employed to analysis of characteristic spectra of Raphani Semen at different enzymolysis time with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution for gradient elution and detection wavelength at 225 nm.The characteristic peaks were calibrated, meanwhile, the UV spectra of characterstic peaks were extracted, and the difference between UV spectra and the changes of peak areas were compared, and the dynamic changes of characterstic components in Raphani Semen were analyzed. Result: Eleven characteristic peaks were marked from the characteric spectra of raw products of Raphani Semen at different enzymolysis time, and glucoraphenin and sinapine thiocyanate were assigned.Glucoraphenin was enzymatically hydrolyzed fastly by myrosinase, and an intermediate was generated, and then continue to be decomposed into other components.Sinapine thiocyanate did not change significantly during the enzymolysis process, and sinadiosides was also enzymatically degraded. Conclusion: The enzymolysis of Raphani Semen is not only the glucoraphenin, but also the sinadiosides.This paper can provide reference for the property change of Raphani Semen in processing.

Research on the reliability and validity of postural workload assessment method and the relation to work-related musculoskeletal disorders of workers / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To form a new assessment method to evaluate postural workload comprehensively analyzing the dynamic and static postural workload for workers during their work process to analyze the reliability and validity, and to study the relation between workers' postural workload and work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs).@*METHODS@#In the study, 844 workers from electronic and railway vehicle manufacturing factories were selected as subjects investigated by using the China Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (CMQ) to form the postural workload comprehensive assessment method. The Cronbach's α, cluster analysis and factor analysis were used to assess the reliability and validity of the new assessment method. Non-conditional Logistic regression was used to analyze the relation between workers' postural workload and WMSDs.@*RESULTS@#Reliability of the assessment method for postural workload: internal consistency analysis results showed that Cronbach's α was 0.934 and the results of split-half reliability indicated that Spearman-Brown coefficient was 0.881 and the correlation coefficient between the first part and the second was 0.787. Validity of the assessment method for postural workload: the results of cluster analysis indicated that square Euclidean distance between dynamic and static postural workload assessment in the same part or work posture was the shortest. The results of factor analysis showed that 2 components were extracted and the cumulative percentage of variance achieved 65.604%. The postural workload score of the different occupational workers showed significant difference (P<0.05) by covariance analysis. The results of nonconditional Logistic regression indicated that alcohol intake (OR=2.141, 95%CI 1.337-3.428) and obesity (OR=3.408, 95%CI 1.629-7.130) were risk factors for WMSDs. The risk for WMSDs would rise as workers' postural workload rose (OR=1.035, 95%CI 1.022-1.048). There was significant different risk for WMSDs in the different groups of workers distinguished by work type, gender and age. Female workers exhibited a higher prevalence for WMSDs (OR=2.626, 95%CI 1.414-4.879) and workers between 30-40 years of age (OR=1.909, 95%CI 1.237-2.946) as compared with those under 30.@*CONCLUSION@#This method for comprehensively assessing postural workload is reliable and effective when used in assembling workers, and there is certain relation between the postural workload and WMSDs.

Comparison of efficacy of adriamycin chemo-ganglionectomy and radiofrequency thermocoagulation of gasserian ganglionin in treating craniofacial postherpetic neuralgia / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To compare the efficacy of adriamycin chemo-ganglionectomy and radiofre-quency thermocoagulation ( RFT ) of semilunar ganglion in treating craniofacial postherpetic neuralgia ( PHN) . Methods A total of 95 patients with PHN in the areas innervated by maxillary and mandibular divisions of trigeminal nerve, aged 55-90 yr, with the course of disease 6 months-3 yr, were divided into 2 groups using a random number table method: adriamycin chemo-ganglionectomy group ( ADM group, n=48) and RFT group ( n=47) . Hartel anterior approach to puncture was performed via the foramen ovale un-der the guidance of CT in two groups. In group ADM, 0. 5％ adriamycin 2. 5 mg ( 0. 5 ml) was injected via the foramen ovale, and RFT of gasserian ganglion was performed in group RFT. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the short-form McGill pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ) scores were evaluated before and after treatment. The rate of effective treatment was calculated, and treatment-related complications were recor-ded. Results Compared with group RFT, no significant change was found in VAS or SF-MPQ scores be-fore treatment, VAS and SF-MPQ scores were increased and the rate of effective treatment was decreased at 1 and 7 days after treatment, VAS and SF-MPQ scores were decreased and the rate of effective treatment was increased at 6 and 12 months after treatment, the incidence of facial numbness, hypoesthesia, masti-catory muscle weakness and weakened corneal reflex was decreased in group ADM ( P<0. 05) . Conclusion Compared with semilunar ganglion RFT, the long-term efficacy of adriamycin chemo-ganglionectomy of semilunar ganglion in treating craniofacial PHN is enhanced, and the safety is higher.

Effect of Shenzhu Guanxin Recipe () on patients with angina pectoris after percutaneous coronary intervention: A prospective, randomized controlled trial / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination therapy using Chinese medicine (CM) Shenzhu Guanxin Recipe (, SGR) and standard Western medicine treatment (SWMT) in patients with angina pectoris after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Double-blind randomized controlled trial was used in this experimental procedure. One hundred and eighty-seven patients with coronary heart disease receiving SWMT after PCI were randomly assigned to the treatment (SGR) and control (placebo) groups. Outcome measures including angina pectoris score (APS), CM symptom score, and Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) score were evaluated in 1, 2, 3 and 12 months, and the death rate, restenosis and other emergency treatments were observed. The mixed-effects models were employed for the data analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the treatment group, a larger within-treatment effect size (d=1.74) was found, with a 76.7% reduction in APS from pretreatment to 12-month follow-up assessment compared with the control group (d=0.83, 53.8% symptom reduction); betweentreatment (BT) effect size was d=0.66. CM symptom scores included an 18.3% reduction in the treatment group (d=0.46), and a 16.1% decrease in the control group (d=0.31); d=0.62 for BT effect size. In regard to scores of SAQ, the BT effect size of cognition level of disease was larger in the treatment group (d=0.63), followed by the level of body limitation of activity (d=0.62), condition of angina pectoris attacks (d=0.55), satisfaction level of treatments (d=0.31), and steady state of angina pectoris (d=0.30). Two cardiovascular related deaths and one incidental death were recorded in the control and treatment groups, respectively. No significant difference in any cardiovascular event (including death toll, frequency of cardiovascular hospitalization or emergency room visits) was found between the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combination therapy of SGR and SWMT is effective and safe in patients with angina pectoris after PCI when compared with SWMT alone.</p>

Effect of clinical pathways based on integrative medicine for patients with chronic heart failure: a multi-center research / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess a multi-center study effectiveness of clinical pathways based on integrative medicine (IM) for chronic heart failure (CHF) patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A combined method of historical control study and clinical study on concurrent control was used. After the standard management for clinical pathways was carried out in four hospitals at home, the effects on hospitalization days, medical expenses, clinical efficacy, patient satisfaction, and quality of life were assessed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Results of non-concurrent historical control study showed that: the hospital stay was significantly shorter in the pathways group than in the retrospective group (12.59 days vs 18.44 days), and the total cost of hospitalization was significantly reduced in the pathways group (yen 9 051.90 vs yen 11 978.40), showing statistical difference (P < 0.01). Moreover, the effect on the heart function was better in the pathways group than in the retrospective group (the markedly effective rate: 45.60% vs 21.90%; the total effective rate: 96.80% vs 86.10%), showing statistical difference (P < 0.01). Results of clinical study on concurrent control showed that the hospital stay was significantly shorter in the pathways group than in the control group (11.19 days vs 13.21 days), showing statistical difference (P < 0.05). The average total cost of hospitalization was significantly lower in the pathways group than in the control group (yen 8 656.80 vs yen 11 609.70), showing statistical difference (P < 0.01). As for clinical efficacy of Chinese medical syndrome, the total effective rate was higher in the pathways group than in the control group (97.10% vs 93.62%), showing statistical difference (P < 0.05). The markedly effective rate of heart function was better in the pathways group than in the control group, showing statistical difference (49.30% vs 38.30%, P < 0.05). The overall satisfaction was higher in the pathways group than in the conventional group (P < 0.01). There was no statistical difference in the mortality within 3 months after discharge from hospital, and the readmission rate due to heart failure between the two groups (P > 0.05). But there was statistical difference in the quality of life (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The pathway could shorten the hospitalization time, decrease the cost of hospitalization, improve the clinical efficacy, improve patients' quality of life and satisfaction, therefore, it could be spread nationwide.</p>

Treatment of unstable sacral fractures with percutaneous reconstruction plate internal fixation / Tratamento de fraturas sacrais instáveis com reconstrução percutânea com fixação de placa interna

PURPOSE: To study the effects of percutaneous reconstruction plate internal fixation in the treatment of unstable sacral fractures. METHODS: Percutaneous reconstruction plate internal fixation was applied on 21 cases of unstable sacral fracture (15 males and six females, at age range of 16-65 years, mean 38.3 years) including four cases of Denis Zone I, 14 cases of Zone II and three cases of Zone III. In operation, an arc incision (about 3-5 cm long) was made along the iliac crest on the outside border of posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) on both sides, and then the plate was transported from the wounded side to the opposite one through the subcutaneous tunnel. RESULTS: The mean incision length, operation time, intraoperative blood loss was 4.3cm, 45.2min, and 160.8ml respectively. All these patients were followed up for 12-33 months (average 16.3 months), which showed no incision infection, intraoperative neurovascular injury, internal fixation loose or breakage, disunion, or obvious lower limb length inequality. The function result was rated as excellent in six cases, good in 12 and fair in 3, with excellence rate of 85.7%, according to the Majeed scoring system. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous reconstruction plate internal fixation is an ideal surgical approach to unstable sacral fractures, as it is easy, safe, causing less trauma and fewer complications, and conducive to quicker recovery.

OBJETIVO: Estudar os efeitos da reconstrução percutânea com fixação de placa interna no tratamento de fraturas sacrais instáveis. MÉTODOS: A reconstrução percutânea com fixação de placa interna foi aplicada em 21 casos de fratura sacral instável (15 homens e seis mulheres, com idade variando entre 16 e 65 anos, média de 38,3 anos) incluindo quatro casos de Zona I de Denis, 14 casos de Zona II e três casos de Zona III. No ato operatório, uma incisão arqueada (cerca de 3 a 5cm de comprimento) foi feita ao longo da crista ilíaca na borda externa da espinha ilíaca supero-posterior (PSIS) em ambos os lados, e então a placa foi transportada do lado da ferida para o lado oposto através do túnel subcutâneo. RESULTADOS: O comprimento médio da incisão, tempo operatório e perda sanguínea intra-operatória foram, respectivamente, 4,3cm, 45,2min e 160,8ml. Todos estes pacientes foram acompanhados por 12 a 33 meses (média 16,3 meses), o que mostrou nenhuma infecção de ferida operatória, lesão neurovascular intraoperatória, perda da fixação interna ou quebra, desunião ou desigualdade nos comprimentos dos membros inferiores. O resultado funcional foi excelente em seis casos, bom em doze e falho em três, com taxa excelente de 85,7%, de acordo com o sistema de escore de Majeed. CONCLUSÃO: Reconstrução percutânea com fixação de placa interna é uma abordagem cirúrgica ideal para fraturas sacrais instáveis, sendo fácil e segura, causando menos trauma e poucas complicações, conduzindo a uma recuperação mais rápida.

Recent progress in the treatment of posterior tibial plateau fractures / 中国骨伤

There is a lack of ideal clinical classification systems for posterior tibial plateau fractures, and they need to be perfected in clinical practices. There are controversies over surgical approaches due to special characters of posterior tibial plateau fractures. It is difficult for the conventional techniques and approaches to achieve satisfactory reduction and fixation. A modified posterior approach is an ideal approach for the treatment of posterior tibial plateau fractures. This paper summarizes the classification, approach and internal fixation of posterior tibial plateau fractures.

Operative treatment for posteromedial condylar split fracture of tibial plateau / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical effects of surgery reduction and internal fixation through posteromedial knee approaches in the treatment of posteromedial condylar split fracture of tibial plateau.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2006 to July 2009,21 patients with posteromedial condylar split fracture of tibial plateau were treated by posteromedial knee approaches. Among the patients, 14 cases were males and 7 cases were females,ranging from 28 to 68 years old with an average of 36.9 years old. For traumatic causes, 14 cases were injured by traffic accident and 7 cases by fall. Compound injury, 15 cases combined with anterior cruciate ligament injury and tibia insertion avulsion fracture; 14 cases combined with posterolateral de-pressed tibial plateau fracture. Rasmussen assessment criteria was used to evaluate the therapeutic effects.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were followed up,from 12 to 30 months with an average of 17.3 months. All patients didn't undergo infection,looseness and rupture of fixation,nonunion of fracture,inversion and eversion of the knee or displacement of fracture. All cases attained anatomical reduction after operation,only 1 patient felt numbness of posterior lower part of the calf. According to Rasmussen assessment criteria, 12 cases got an excellent result, 7 good and 2 fair.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is beneficial for the postermedial knee approaches to be used in the reduction and fixation of posteromedial condylar split fracture of tibial plateau. It has advantages of clearly exposure, convenient placement of the internal fixation, less trauma and good therapeutic effects.</p>

Clinical epidemiologic investigation on Chinese medicine syndrome laws in patients with chronic heart failure / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the distribution laws of Chinese medicine syndromes in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) by clinical epidemiologic investigation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>512 CHF patients were studied, including 168 items of symptoms and 48 items of tongue and pulse pictures. A database of Chinese medicine syndromes was established, and 9 disease nature elements and 5 disease location elements were extracted. Frequency analysis was performed on all symptoms, tongue and pulse pictures. The variables with frequency constituent ratio less than 10.0% were deleted. Then the features of clinical epidemiology, syndrome patterns, syndrome elements, main symptoms, as well as tongue and pulse pictures were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The disease nature elements of CHF covered qi deficiency, yin deficiency, and yang deficiency (categorized as the essential deficiency), as well as blood stasis, turbid phlegm, and the retained fluid (categorized to the superficiality excess). Among them, frequencies of qi deficiency and blood stasis (both more than 85.0%) were the highest. The disease location elements of CHF were ordered in frequency as Xin (97.9%), Pi (88.1%), followed by Shen (43.0%), Fei (30. 1%), and Gan (7.0%). (2) In the distribution of syndrome patterns in CHF patients, qi deficiency phlegm-stasis syndrome was the most (59.2%), followed by qi-yin deficiency with phlegm-stasis intermingle syndrome (20.3%), Xin-yang decline with phlegm-stasis obstruction syndrome (7.0%), and yang-deficiency with water overflowing syndrome (5.5%). (3) Patients with heart function grade II, III, and IV mainly manifested as qi-deficiency with phlegm-stasis syndrome. Besides, qi-yin deficiency with phlegm-stasis intermingle syndrome could be often seen in those with grade III. And Xin-yang decline with phlegm-stasis obstruction syndrome and yang-deficiency with water overflowing syndrome could often be seen in those with grade IV.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The pathogenesis of CHF is essential deficiency and superficiality excess. The essentiality consists of qi deficiency, yin deficiency, and yang deficiency, and the superficiality consists of blood stasis, turbid phlegm, and retained fluid. The disease was located at the five zang-organs, mainly dominated at Xin and Pi, and associated with Fei, Shen, and Gan. Qi deficiency phlegm-stasis syndrome was dominated in Chinese medicine syndrome patterns. Along with the aggravation of CHF, Chinese medicine syndrome pattern shows certain development laws.</p>

Double blinded randomized and controlled study on treatment of chronic heart failure by nuanxin capsule / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect and safety of Nuanxin Capsule (NXC) in treating patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Adopting the randomized, positive controlled, double-blinded design, 150 CHF patients were assigned to the treatment group and the control group equally, they were treated with optimal western medical therapeutic scheme in combining respectively with NXC and placebo for 24 weeks. The indices for effectiveness and safety evaluation, such as Chinese medicine syndrome, grade of heart function, myocardial contraction, as well as the re-hospitalization rate and mortality, were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate on heart function in the treatment group and the control group was 78.87% and 64.38% respectively, that on Chinese medicine syndrome was 85.9% and 63.0% respectively, comparisons of the two indices between the two groups all showed significant difference (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). And a better efficacy for improving patients' cardiac contraction function and quality of life was shown in the treatment group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The re-hospitalization rates in them were 23.9% and 53.4% respectively (P < 0.05), and 22.54% and 42.5% of the re-hospitalized patients had attack of acute heart failure, a significant difference was found between the two groups (P < 0.05). The mortality in them was 2.90% and 8.95% respectively, showing no significant difference between groups (P > 0.05). No obvious adverse effect was found in both groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>NXC could improve the heart function of patients, it has obvious curative effect and good safety in treating chronic heart failure.</p>

Phacotrabeculectomy: results of 2.8mm scleral tunnel incision / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

·AIM: To report the results of phacotrabeculectomy with 2.8mm scleral tunnel incision.·METHODS: Phacotrabeculectomy was performed through an identical 2.8mm scleral tunnel incision in 52 eyes of 49 patients with cataract and glaucoma. The incision was closed with out suture. Foldable intraocular lens was implanted in all eyes.·RESULTS: The control of intraocular pressure on 36 eyes was desirable. The average postoperative intraocular pressure was (8.24±3.61)mmHg, (13.22±4.12) mmHg, (12.11±4.23)mmHg and (12.59±4.26)mmHg at one week, one month, three months and six months. As compared with 56 eyes in which phacotrabeculectomy was performed with 5.5mm scleral tunnel sutureless incision, there was no statistical difference, between the two, regarding the mean postoperative intraocular pressure at six months (t=1.7536,P=0.08239).The retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was not statistically different between the preoperative and postoperative times in one year in 26 eyes. The uncorrected postoperative visual activity was 0 8 or better in 62% of 52 eyes.·CONCLUSION: The advantages of this operative method are minimal size scleral flap, smaller and sutureless incision, immediate chamber restoration, decrease in postoperative astigmatism, enhanced postoperative visual activity, reduced postoperative inflammatory response and complications.

Treatment of unstable pelvic fractures with minimally invasive internal fixation / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical effects of minimally invasive internal fixation in the treatment of unstable pelvic fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2005 to January 2009, the data of 48 patients with unstable pelvic fractures were retrospectively analyzed. There were 31 males and 17 females. The age ranged from 12 to 66 years with an average of 37.8 years. Among them, 29 cases were caused by traffic accident, 14 by fall from height and 5 by crush injury. According to Tile's classification, type B1 was in 4 cases, B2 in 3, C1 in 25, C2 in 14 and C3 in 2. All patients were treated with minimally invasive internal fixation of percutaneous reconstruction plate (including 20 cases with percutaneous pubic ramus screws fixation and 8 cases with pubic tubercle screws fixation) and percutaneous sacroiliac screws (including 16 cases with percutaneous pubic ramus screws fixation and 4 cases with pubic tubercle screws fixation). With X-ray films to observe the reduction of fractures and according to Majeed standard to evaluate the clinical effects.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were followed up for 12-39 months with an average of 17 months. No infection of incision,nerve injuries, loosening or breakage of the screw was found. All cases attained bone union. Anatomical reduction achieved in 29 cases,satisfactory reduction 18 cases, and unsatisfactory reduction 1 case. According to the Majeed standards, 29 cases obtained excellent results, 15 good and 4 fair, the rate of excellent and good was 91.7%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Treatment of unstable pelvic fractures with minimally invasive internal fixation had advantages of minimal trauma, less bleeding, less postoperative complications, high bone union rate, reliable fixation and satisfactorily functional recovery after operation, but the method demanded skillful surgical techniques.</p>

Treatment of unstable pelvic posterior ring fractures with percutaneous reconstruction plate internal fixation / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the method and clinical effect of percutaneous reconstruction plate internal fixation for the treatment of unstable pelvic posterior ring fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 2004 to October 2008, 36 patients with unstable pelvic posterior ring fractures were treated with percutaneous reconstruction plate internal fixation. Heavy traction was used to correct vertical displacement of sacrum, then arc incisions (3-5 cm) were made from both sides of posterior superior iliac spine to ipsilateral inferior iliac spine along iliac crest. The reconstruction plate was pushed through the cutaneously tunnel to the other incision. There were 26 males and 10 females, the age ranged from 10 to 65 years, with an average of 37.3 years old.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up, the duration ranged from 12 to 36 months (means 17.8 months). There were no infection, no vascular nerve injuries and loosening or breakage of the external fixation. All cases attained bone union and lower limbs were equal. The average length of incisions, operative time and intraoperative blood loss were (4.36 +/- 0.99) cm, (42.61 +/- 7.97) min, (168.61 +/- 40.44) ml, respectively. According to the Majeed standards, the functional recovery was excellent in 12, good in 18 and fair in 6.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Percutaneous reconstruction plate internal fixation is an ideally safe and effective way to treat unstable pelvic posterior ring fractures, it has many advantages such as minimal invasion, less complications and quicker recovery.</p>

Treatment of proximal tibial multi-segment comminuted fractures with closed reduction and less invasive stabilization systems / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical effects of closed reduction and less invasive stablization system for the treatment of proximal tibial multi-segment comminuted fractures, and to discuss the influence of LISS on reduction and bone union.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From 2003.7 to 2007.12, 19 patients with proximal tibial multi-segment comminuted fractures were treated with closed reduction and LISS fixation. Fourteen patients were male, 5 patients were female, ranging in age from 21 to 49 years, with an average of 39.2 years. Fifteen patients were injured with direct violence, 4 indirect violence. The reasons of the injuries were vehicle crashes for 14 cases and falling from high places for 3 cases and falling to the ground for 2 cases. All the patients were followed up postoperatively. Callus formation and bony union were recorded by X-ray.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up for a period averaged 12.2 months (ranged 8 to 21 months). No failure of fixation and nonunion. No deformation of plates and screws occurred in patients,no superficial wound infection. According to the criteria of Merchan, 14 patients got an excellent result, 3 good, and 2 poor.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Closed reduction and less invasive stabilization systems can provide rigid internal fixation for proximal tibial multi-segment comminuted fractures. The LISS provides stable fixation, a high rate of union, and a low rate of infection for proximal tibial multi-segment comminuted fractures.</p>

Genetic polymorphisms of fifteen short tandem repeats in Tujia ethnic group of Hubei province / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the genetic polymorphisms of 15 short tandem repeat (STR) loci in Tujia ethnic group of Hubei province, and to compare the allele frequencies between Hubei Tujia and Chongqing Tujia populations.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Capillary electrophoresis and five-color fluorescent multi-amplification were applied to detect the genotypes of 15 STR loci in 333 unrelated Hubei Tujia individuals.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One hundred and fifty one alleles were observed in the population, which is higher than 141 alleles observed in Chongqin Tujia population, and their frequencies were from 0.002 to 0.498. No significant deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium was observed (P>0.05). Statistical analysis showed that the heterozygosity of the 15 loci ranged from 0.652 to 0.867. The values of discrimination power (DP) ranged from 0.802 to 0.971. The values of excluding probability of paternity (EPP) ranged from 0.357 to 0.730, and the polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.57-0.87. The fifteen loci showed an accumulated total discrimination power (TDP) of more than 0.999 999 9, and the cumulative excluding probability of paternity was 0.999 999 7.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study has accumulated the population genetic data of the 15 STRs in Hubei Tujia ethnic group. The data can be used in forensic and individual identification for this population. Hubei Tujia is phylogenetically related to Chongqing Tujia, and the allele frequencies were non-distinctive (P>0.05), while the number of alleles detected, and the frequencies of some alleles observed were different.</p>

Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis with antibiotic-loaded calcium phosphate cement / 中国骨伤

The antibiotic delayed release system which has the characteristics of high local antibiotic concentration,few adverse effects, slow release and long duration, has became one of important methods of treating chronic osteomyelitis. Because of its double action as drug carrier and bone repair material which can induce bone growth and degrade synchronously, drug impregnated calcium phosphate cement (diCPC) is an ideal and safe antibiotic slow release carrier. After clearing focus thoroughly, defect implant with diCPC is an effective method, which has the virtues of convenient operation, good effects and short staying time etc. This paper aims to summarize the biological properties, experimental study and clinical application of diCPC.

Surgical treatment of acetabular posterior wall fractures / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinical effect of acetabular posterior wall fractures with reconstruction plate internal fixation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2001 to January 2006, 45 cases were studied retrospectively including, 31 males and 14 females. The age ranged from 19 to 68 years, mean 37.6 years. All patients of acetabular posterior wall fractures were treated by open reduction and internal fixation with reconstruction plate. All patients were reviewed retrospectively. All patients were treated with the Kocher-Langenbeck approach.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Forty-five patients were followed up for 12 to 48 months, averaged 26 months. By Matta's X-ray reduction criteria, there were 38 cases of anatomical reduction, 7 cases of satisfactory. By modified d'Aubigne clinical evaluation criteria, the clinical results were excellent in 30 cases, good in 10 cases and fair in 5 cases, excellent and good rate of clinical results was 88.9%. There were no infection and non-union. The complications included traumatic osteoarthritis in 4, aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in 2, heterotopic osteogenesis in 2 and deep venous thromboembolism in 1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Fractures of acetabular posterior wall with reconstruction plate internal fixation can gain good clinical results. The quality of fracture reduction, the time to surgery after injury, experience of surgical operation and the degree of fracture comminution are the factors influencing the operative results of posterior wall fractures of the acetabulum.</p>

Studies on separation and purification of Rhizoma Fagopyri Dibotoryis extract by macroporous resin / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a technical process for purification of extract of Rhizoma Fagopyri Dibotoryis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The static adsorption capacity and elution ratio of Mixture of proanthocyanidins tannic condensation were used as evaluation to select the best resin in 3 kinds of macroporous resin. The adsorptive characteristics and elution parameters of selected resin were studied.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>D-101 resin had good separation performance and was suited to purify priceid in extract of Rhizoma Fagopyri Dibotoryis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The process of applying macroporous resin to absorb and purity priceid in extract of Rhizoma Fagopyri Dibotoryis is feasible.</p>

Surgical treatment of talar neck fractures / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical effect of talar neck fractures treated by open reduction and internal fixation with screws.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Among 28 cases in the study, 20 cases were males and 8 cases were female. The age ranged from 22 to 72 years with an average of 38 years. Based on the Hawkins classification,there were 6 cases of type I,18 of type I and 4 of type II. They were treated by open reduction and internal fixation with screws.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty-eight cases were followed up for 1 to 7 years(mean 2.8 years). The evaluation of the results by Hawkins functional rating scale revealed excellent in 14 cases,good in 9 cases, fair in 3 cases and poor in 2 cases. The excellent and good rate were 83.2%. Osteonecrosis occurred in 5 cases with 3 of type II and 2 of type III fractures. Two of 3 cases with talar displacement were found with osteonecrosis or painful arthritis. The subtalar arthritis occurred in 6 cases, 3 of which were associated with ankle arthritis. Two cases underwent arthrodesis because of painful arthritis of the subtalar joint or osteonecrosis of the talar body. Wound infection and anteromedial skin necrosis of the ankle were not found.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Treatment of talar neck fractures could obtain satisfactory clinical results through open reduction and internal fixation with screws. Protection of the residual blood supply, anatomically reduction and stable fixation are essential for successful treatment of talar neck fractures.</p>