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Objective@#To investigate the status of knowledge about acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) among college freshmen in Jiangsu Province, and to analyze the influences of AIDS-related knowledge on their sexual attitudes and behaviors.@*Methods@#A total of 8 633 freshmen from 20 colleges and universities in Jiangsu Province were enrolled by multi-stage stratified sampling. The questionnaire for young students about the eight items of AIDS basic knowledge were used to investigate the AIDS-related knowledge, sexual attitudes and behaviors. Multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of the AIDS-related knowledge and to adjust the influences of AIDS-related knowledge on sexual attitudes and behaviors.@*Results@#The overall qualified rate of AIDS-related knowledge among college freshmen in Jiangsu Province was 87.6% and the qualified rate of 8 items were between 59.8% and 98.3%. The types of schools, nationality, mother s education level and whether only child or not were identified as independent factors for qualified rate of AIDS-related knowledge(P<0.05). The awareness of AIDS-related knowledge had significant impacts on the sexual attitudes and behaviors of college freshmen. Students with insufficient knowledge were more likely to approve premarital sexual behaviors(OR=1.31, 95%CI=1.11-1.63), willing to use condoms consistently(OR=1.67, 95%CI=1.43-1.92) and to accept the HIV tests(OR=4.54, 95%CI=3.13-6.52). Students with unqualified knowledge were more likely to have sexual behavior(OR=1.89, 95%CI=1.42-2.49), while those with sexual experiences and insufficient AIDS knowledge were more likely to use condoms consistently(OR=2.13, 95%CI=1.22-3.78).@*Conclusion@#The education on AIDS-related knowledge for teenagers was helpful to construct correct sexual concepts and develop healthy sexual behaviors. However, the AIDS-related knowledge of college freshmen in Jiangsu Province is not sufficient and needed to improve.
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To study the triterpenoids from the roots of Rosa laevigata. The silica gel column chromatography was used to separate the chemical constituents from the roots of Rosa laevigata Michx. HPLC was used to analyze its purity, chemical and spectroscopy methods were used to determine their structures. 12 constituents were isolated and identified as(2R, 19R)methyl 2-acetyloxy-19- hydroxyl-3-oxo-urs-12-en-28-carboxylate(1), pomonic acid (2), 18, 19-seco, 2α, 3α-dihydroxy-19-oxo-urs-11, 13(18)-dien-28-oic acid(3), swinhoeic acid (4), myrianthic acid(5), 2α, 3β, 19α-trihydroxy-24-oxo-urs-12-en-oic acid (6), tormentic acid(7), arjunic acid (8), 1β-hydroxyeuscaphic acid(9), quadranoside Ⅷ (10), alpinoside(11), rubuside B (12). Compounds 1-4, 6, 9, 11-12 were obtained from this plant for the first time. Compounds 2-4, 6, 11-12 were obtained from the genus Rosa for the first time.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the protection and molecular mechanism of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) on the spleen of rats with hemorrhagic shock.@*METHODS@#A total of 60 SPF male SD rats were selected for the modeling of severe hemorrhagic shock using the method of arterial and venous cannulation with the time-divided bleeding. The measurement of mean arterial blood pressure and blood lactic acid was used to verify the modeling. The modeled rats were randomly divided into shock group, shock + suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) group, shock + autogenous transfusion group and shock + SAHA + autogenous transfusion group. Three hours after the treatment, the spleen of rats was collected and TUNEL method was employed to detect the apoptosis of spleen cells in each group. The statistical analysis was performed. Afterwards, real-time PCR and western blot were employed to detect the expression of BCL-2, BAX and caspass3 in the spleen of rats in each group.@*RESULTS@#A total of 53 rats had successful modeling of severe hemorrhagic shock, with success rate of 88%. Cell apoptosis in the severe hemorrhagic model group was the most serious. After the intervention of HDACIs and the autogenous transfusion, the tissue injury was a bit recovered. Cell apoptosis was least in the shock + SAHA + autogenous transfusion group (P < 0.05). After the intervention of HDACIs and the autogenous transfusion, the relative expression of BCL-2 was significantly increased (P < 0.05), with highest relative expression of BCL-2 in shock + SAHA + autogenous transfusion group (P < 0.05). After the intervention of HDACIs and the autogenous transfusion, the relative expression of BAX was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), with lowest relative expression of BAX in the intervention group of single HDACIs. The change in the expression of caspass3 was similar to BAX, namely the relative expression of caspass3 was significantly decreased after the intervention of HDACIs and the autogenous transfusion (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#HDACIs and autogenous transfusion can all protect the spleen injury because of the severe hemorrhagic shock. Its molecular mechanism may be related to the regulation on the expression of BCL-2/BAX and caspass3, which may affect the apoptosis process of cells.
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Objective To explore the protection and molecular mechanism of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) on the spleen of rats with hemorrhagic shock. Methods A total of 60 SPF male SD rats were selected for the modeling of severe hemorrhagic shock using the method of arterial and venous cannulation with the time-divided bleeding. The measurement of mean arterial blood pressure and blood lactic acid was used to verify the modeling. The modeled rats were randomly divided into shock group, shock + suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) group, shock + autogenous transfusion group and shock + SAHA + autogenous transfusion group. Three hours after the treatment, the spleen of rats was collected and TUNEL method was employed to detect the apoptosis of spleen cells in each group. The statistical analysis was performed. Afterwards, real-time PCR and western blot were employed to detect the expression of BCL-2, BAX and caspass3 in the spleen of rats in each group. Results A total of 53 rats had successful modeling of severe hemorrhagic shock, with success rate of 88%. Cell apoptosis in the severe hemorrhagic model group was the most serious. After the intervention of HDACIs and the autogenous transfusion, the tissue injury was a bit recovered. Cell apoptosis was least in the shock + SAHA + autogenous transfusion group (P < 0.05). After the intervention of HDACIs and the autogenous transfusion, the relative expression of BCL-2 was significantly increased (P < 0.05), with highest relative expression of BCL-2 in shock + SAHA + autogenous transfusion group (P < 0.05). After the intervention of HDACIs and the autogenous transfusion, the relative expression of BAX was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), with lowest relative expression of BAX in the intervention group of single HDACIs. The change in the expression of caspass3 was similar to BAX, namely the relative expression of caspass3 was significantly decreased after the intervention of HDACIs and the autogenous transfusion (P < 0.05). Conclusions HDACIs and autogenous transfusion can all protect the spleen injury because of the severe hemorrhagic shock. Its molecular mechanism may be related to the regulation on the expression of BCL-2/BAX and caspass3, which may affect the apoptosis process of cells.
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Myzus persicae, a generalist phloem-feeding insect, develops with induced expression of the AtMYB44 gene. Special GLUCAN SYNTHESIS-LIKE (GSL) genes and β-1,3-glucan callose play an important role in plant defence responses to attacks by phloem-feeding insects. Here we report that AtGLS5 and AtMYB44 are both required for HrpNEainduced repression of M. persicae feeding from the phloem of Arabidopsis leaves. In 24 h successive surveys on large-scale aphid populations, the proportion of feeding aphids was much smaller in HrpNEa-treated plants than in control plants, and aphids preferred to feed from the 37 tested atgsl mutants rather than the wild-type plant. The atgsl mutants were generated previously by mutagenesis in 12 identified AtGSL genes (AtGSL1 through AtGSL12); in the 24 h survey, both atgsl5 and atgsl6 tolerated aphid feeding, and atgsl5 was the most tolerant. Consistently, atgsl5 was also most inhibitive to the deterrent effect of HrpNEa on the phloem-feeding activity of aphids as monitored by the electrical penetration graph technique. These results suggested an important role of the AtGSL5 gene in the effect of HrpNEa. In response to HrpNEa, AtGSL5 expression and callose deposition were induced in the wild-type plant but not in atgsl5. In response to HrpNEa, moreover, the AtMYB44 gene known to be required for repression of aphid reproduction on the plant was also required for repression of the phloem-feeding activity. Small amounts of the AtGSL5 transcript and callose deposition were detected in the atmyb44 mutant, as in atgsl5. Both mutants performed similarly in tolerating the phloem-feeding activity and impairing the deterrent effect of HrpNEa, suggesting that AtGSL5 and AtMYB44 both contributed to the effect.
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This study on the band structures and charge densities of nitrogen (N)-, carbon (C)- and boron (B)-doped titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) by first-principles simulation with the CASTEP code (Segall et al., 2002) showed that the three 2p bands of impurity atom are located above the valence-band maximum and below the Ti 3d bands, and that along with the decreasing of impurity atomic number, the fluctuations become more intensive. We cannot observe obvious band-gap narrowing in our result. Therefore, the cause of absorption in visible light might be the isolated impurity atom 2p states in band-gap rather than the band-gap narrowing.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the content of linarin in Yuye Jiedu granule.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A HPLC method was developed. The chromatographic conditions are as follows Luna C18 column and acetonitrile-0.05 mol x L(-1) phosphate buffer-phosphoric acid (30:70:0.06) as mobil phase, detection wavelenth at 327 nm.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The linear range of linarin was 0.025-0.50 microg. The average recovery was 98.7% and RSD 2.7%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method is simple and accurate, with good repeatability, and can be used for determination of linarin in Yuye Jiedu granule.</p>