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Objective To explore the side effects of pemetrexed in the maintenane therapy of nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at advanced stage and summarize the nursing measures. Methods Fifty-one NSCLC patients were treated maintenance therapy by pemetrexed. The side effects were observed and corresponding nursing measures were taken. Results The side effects included bone marrow depression of 33 cases, adverse reactions in gastrointestinal tract of 14 cases, and skin rashes of 4 cases, all at the degree of I-II. All of them were alleviated after active treatments. Conclusion Such nursing measures as close of side effects and careful nursing to the NSCLC patients treated with maintenance therapy with temetrexed are main measures for the success of treatment.
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy of intraopèrative ultrasonography (IOUS) on primary and repeated hepatectomies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods 430 patients underwent 555 operations for HCC.New tumors detected by IOUS at the primary and repeated hepatectomies were retrospectively analyzed.The long-term outcomes were also studied.Results IOUS had the highest sensitivity in the routinely used imaging examinations.The detection rate by each imaging modality decreased slightly but uniformly at the second hepatectomy.IOUS detected 56 new tumors in 30 patients (7.1％) at the primary hepatectomy and 13 new tumors in 8 (7.3％) at the second.The average size of tumor detected was 8.7±3.8 and 9.0±5.2 mm at the primary and second resections,respectively.The preoperative surgical plan was changed due to the IOUS findings alone in 24 patients (5.6％) at the primary hepatectomy,and in 7 (6.4％) at the second.Although recurrence was frequent in patients with new tumors detected at the primary hepatectomy,long-term survival after appropriate treatment for recurrence was similar to those patients without new tumors detected.Conlusions Despite recent progress in imaging modalities,IOUS is still the most sensitive examination.The same degree of precaution is necessary to detect new tumors using IOUS in repeated hepatectomy.Patients with new tumors detected by IOUS are at high risk for recurrence so that regular check-up is important to improve patient survival.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the combined effects of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) on the expression of integrin (beta3 protein in the periodontal tissues of the compressing side of orthodontic tooth in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Establishing orthodontic movement model in Sprague-Dawley rats, which were injected with 10 ng PDGF-BB, 200 ng IGF-I alone or in combination in the buccal submucosal area of the orthodontic tooth. The injection was applied every other day. The experiment continued for ten days and then the rats were sacrificed. The expression of integrin (beta3 protein in periodontal ligament tissues of the compressing side was detected by immunohistochemical techniques.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of integrin (beta3 protein in periodontal ligament tissues of the compressing side of each experimental group was significantly increased compared with that of the control group (P<0.01). Meanwhile the maximum mean optical density value of integrin (beta3 protein expression was attained in the combination group which showed a significant increase compared with the PDGF-BB group (P<0.05) and the IGF-I group (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combination of exogenous PDGF-BB and IGF- I in orthodontic tooth movement may enhance the expression of integrin (beta3 protein in periodontal ligament cells and PDGF-BB and IGF-I may have a synergistic effect during orthodontic tooth movement.</p>