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1.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1390746

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: describir las conductas y los escenarios de riesgo que adolescentes y sus padres relatan de sus experiencias cotidianas. Metodología: se realizó una investigación cualitativa con enfoque fenomenológico hermenéutico que posibilitó acceder a los relatos de los participantes a través de siete entrevistas semiestructuradas con adolescentes y siete con padres. Los resultados muestran relatos sobre el riesgo en torno a la sexualidad y el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en escenarios donde se relacionan con otros. Como conclusión se encuentra que hay una delgada línea entre la exploración y la práctica de riesgo y que los adolescentes, sujetos con capacidad de conciencia, pueden vivir las experiencias como una u otra de acuerdo con la presencia y el uso de los recursos con los que cuentan.


The objetive of this article is to describe the behaviors and risk scenarios that adolescents and their parents tell about their daily experiences. A qualitative research with a hermeneutical phenomenological approach was carried out that made it possible to access the participants' stories through seven semi-structured interviews with adolescents and other seven semi-structured interviews with their parents. The results show reports about the risk around sexuality and the consumption of psychoactive substances in contexts where they interact with people. As a conclusion, it is found that there is a little line between the exploration and the risk practice and the adolescents, subjects with the capacity for conscience, can live experiences as exploration or risk according to the presence and use of the resources they have


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Risk Factors , Sexual Behavior/psychology , Adolescent , Substance-Related Disorders/psychology , Health Risk Behaviors
2.
Interdisciplinaria ; 37(2): 175-194, dic. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1149371

ABSTRACT

Resumen El objetivo del trabajo que se informa fue mostrar cuáles son las transformaciones que las investigaciones manifiestan sobre la familia e identificar si las parejas sin hijos son consideradas como una tipología emergente de configuración familiar. A partir de una investigación documental al modo de estado del arte, se recolectaron 35 artículos entre 1992 y 2017, que se analizaron desde una perspectiva hermenéutica a partir de los núcleos temáticos "definición y transformación del concepto de 'familia'" y "perspectivas investigativas en torno a la relación entre parejas sin hijos y familia". La mayoría concuerda con que la consanguinidad y la procreación ya no son criterios indispensables para conformar una familia, y así, las parejas sin hijos se constituyen como una nueva tipología familiar que se caracteriza por modos más equitativos, consensuales y democráticos de tomar decisiones; todo esto, bajo el contexto social de una profunda transformación de los roles de género desde el siglo XX.


Abstract The objective of the work reported was to show the transformations the research shows about the family and to identify if couples without children are considered as an emerging typology of family configuration. The importance of the relationship between the categories of family and a couple without children is that this is a time when a significant reduction in the birth rate can be seen worldwide. Furthermore, households made up of couples who state that they do not want to have children also represent a striking increase. On the other hand, this phenomenon has led to the emergence of research categories such as DINK, Childfree and NoMo families, which converge in the increase of couples without children and of women who do not wish to have children. From a documentary research under the modality of the state of the art, 35 articles were collected for this study between 1992 and 2017, which were analyzed from a hermeneutic perspective from the thematic nuclei "definition and transformation of the concept of 'family'" and "Research perspectives on the relationship between childless couples and family". The search required the following categories in Spanish and English: "significado de familia/meaning of family", "definición de familia/definition of family", "concepto de familia/family concept", "parejas sin hijos/couple without children/childfree/NoMo", "nuevas tipologías familiares/new family typologies", "familia DINK/DINK family" y "familia moderna/modern family". The databases taken into account for the study were Scopus, SciELO, Dialnet Plus, Psicodoc, EBSCO, DOAJ, Redalyc and Google Academic. Most research agrees that consanguinity and procreation are no longer essential criteria for forming a family, and thus, couples without children are constituted as a new family typology characterized by more equitable, consensual and democratic ways of making decisions. The main reason for this change is the new place that women have conquered in society after decades of struggle for their rights, favoring a questioning of the patriarchal system and the hegemonic model of the family called the nuclear family. The discussions about gender imaginaries that began with greater force in the 20th century, give a place to women in working life that, over time, has favored a questioning about the relationship between motherhood and being a woman. Research presents different criteria to define the family, which shows that this is a time when there is not one model but several family models. For its part, this diversity has been expressed not only in the dimension of social representations but also in the legal sphere; This is expressed this way, since several investigations in the field of law show transformations in Latin American constitutions by ways of understanding the family in a more plural way and based on fundamental rights. Finally, the collection of research shows that the study on the category of couples without children is incipient, that is, it corresponds to a phenomenon that, despite enjoying statistical evidence, can be considered emergent in culture insofar as its relevance corresponds to the last decades. Most studies that deal directly or indirectly with the category of childless couple, consider this form of bond as a form of family and explain how at this time this definition is mainly determined by affective criteria, values built between the members, and relational dynamics; leaving in the background the criteria of consanguinity or kinship from the nuclear model.

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