Subject(s)
Sports , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Coronavirus Infections , Athletes , Betacoronavirus , MyocarditisABSTRACT
Sports competition can be a trigger to fatal arrhythmias in predisposed individuals, leading to sudden cardiac death. Athletes have 2.8 fold more risk of sudden cardiac death than non-athletes. However, female athletes seem to have some cardiac protection, dying suddenly much less than men during sports. Although the mechanisms for this protection have not been well established until now, hormonal, genetic and molecular factors may play a role in it. The so-called "fair sex" might harbour the key for sudden cardiac death prevention
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Sports/physiology , Prevalence , Death, Sudden, Cardiac/prevention & control , Arrhythmias, Cardiac , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic , Coronary Artery Disease , Sex Factors , Electrocardiography/methodsABSTRACT
Sudden cardiac death in sports is still controversial. Despite being a rare event, the death of an apparently healthy young athlete causes a major impact on the media. On the other hand, for being a rare event, it is clearly undervalued. Sports preparticipation cardiological assessment is one of the most effective preventive medical actions for professional and amateur endurance athletes. The regular and supervised practice of physical exercise does not kill. We believe that deaths are triggered by excessive physical training and use of drugs, in individuals with not diagnosed or undervalued heart diseases. It is necessary to make health professionals and athletes aware of the athletes' physiological limits, in addition to preparing the athletes properly when they try to overcome human limits
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Sports , Death, Sudden , Physical Endurance , Comorbidity , Athletes , Heart ArrestABSTRACT
O exercício físico regular, como componente da mudança do estilo de vida, é recomendado como parte do tratamento da hipertensão arterial (HA). Existem diversos estudos mostrando seu benefício em reduzir, de maneira sustentada, os níveis pressóricos. O exercício isotônico (aeróbio) possui maior número de estudos e há mais conhecimento sobre os mecanismos fisiológicos, agora mais bem elucidados, relacionados ao tratamento da hipertensão. No entanto, o exercício isométrico (anaeróbio) também produz benefícios e todas as recomendações atuais já o incluem, associado ao exercício aeróbico, nos treinamentos.
Regular exercise as a lifestyle change component is recommended as part of the treatment of hypertension. There are several studies showing its benefit in reducing blood pressure levels in a sustained way. The aerobic exercise has more studies and knowledge of the physiological mechanisms related to the treatment of hypertension, now better understood. However anaerobic exercise also produces benefits and all current recommendations already include in training, associated with aerobic exercise.
Subject(s)
Exercise , Athletes , HypertensionABSTRACT
A prática regular de atividade física proporciona benefícios para a saúde, tanto na prevenção primária quanto no tratamento das doenças cardiovasculares; Existe uma forte e inversa associação entre atividade física e mortalidade cardiovascular e geral. Mesmo em quantidade modesta de exercício físico confere benefícios para saúde, e estes benefícios aumentam de uma forma dose-dependente, porém, é possível que exista um limite seguro de dose de atividade física, para além do qual não haja aumento dos benefícios ou mesmo os efeitos adversos da atividade física podem superar seus benefícios. Apesar de quase todos os estudos epidemiológicos mostrarem benefício cardiovascular da atividade física habitual, o exercício físico de alta intensidade pode causar alterações cardíacas agudas e a remodelação crônica do coração de atleta, sendo que o significado clínico destas alterações ainda é incerto. Este artigo procura revisar as possíveis consequências da atividade física de alta intensidade e longa duração.
Regular physical activity provides a variety of health benefits, both in primary prevention as well as in the treatment of chronic cardiovascular disease. There is a Strong and inverse association between physical activity and cardiovascular and overall mortality. Even a modest amount of exercise confers health benefits, and these benefits increase in a dose-dependent manner, but it is possible that there is a safe upper-dose limit of physical activity beyond which there is no increase in benefits or even the adverse effects of physical activity amy outweigh its benefits. Although almost all epidemiological studies show cardiovascular benefit of physical activity, high intensity exercise can cause acute cardiac changes and chronic remodeling of the athlete's heart, but the clinical significance of these changes is still uncertain. This article reviews the possible consequences of chronic high intensity physical activity.