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1.
Rev. Hosp. Ital. B. Aires (2004) ; 41(4): 157-170, dic. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1366699

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el envejecimiento poblacional y el incremento de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles están generando un gran impacto en los sistemas de salud a nivel mundial. Articular el sistema de salud con los recursos comunitarios es fundamental para poder coordinar la atención sociosanitaria, descomplejizar la atención de los adultos mayores y promover el envejecimiento activo. Nuestro objetivo fue analizar la relación entre la participación de adultos mayores en un proyecto de mapeo de activos para la salud y los efectos percibidos en esta experiencia. Métodos: la intervención consistió en un taller de seis encuentros semanales donde se aprendió a reconocer activos para la salud. Estos fueron volcados en un mapa virtual de acceso libre y gratuito para ser compartido con toda la sociedad. En el taller también se reforzó la importancia de la relación entre los participantes para mejorar los apoyos sociales. Utilizamos un diseño cualitativo de tipo interactivo con una estructura interconectada y flexible de los componentes de la investigación. Se observaron las interacciones y diálogos que se produjeron entre moderadoras-participantes y participantes entre sí, y se incluyeron los registros del cuaderno de campo de las moderadoras. Al finalizar el último encuentro, y cumplidos tres meses, se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a quienes asistieron, al menos, a la mitad de los encuentros. Se utilizó una guía con preguntas abiertas, para conocer la perspectiva de los participantes acerca de eventuales cambios percibidos a partir de la experiencia vivida en el taller. Los datos se categorizaron y, posteriormente, se triangularon para garantizar la validez del análisis. Resultados: se identificaron las siguientes categorías que sitúan las experiencias de los participantes en relación con su paso por el proyecto: la generación de vínculos entre pares, los vínculos con las moderadoras, la dinámica de taller, la sustentabilidad del proyecto y la resignificación del barrio. Conclusión: es factible generar cambios positivos en la salud de los adultos mayores, potenciar los espacios de socialización y contribuir satisfactoriamente en la resignificación de los barrios a través del mapeo de activos para la salud. (AU)


Introduction: population ageing and the increase in chronic non-communicable diseases are having a major impact on health systems worldwide. Linking the health system with community resources is essential in order to coordinate social and health care, decomplexify the care of older adults and promote active ageing. Our objective was to analyse the relationship between the participation of older adults in a health asset mapping project and the perceived effects of this experience. Methods: the intervention consisted of a workshop of six weekly meetings where participants learned to recognise health assets from the perspective of each participant. These were then uploaded onto a virtual map that could be accessed free of charge and shared with the whole of society. The workshop also reinforced the importance of the relationship between participants to improve social support.We used an interactive qualitative design with an interconnected and flexible structure between the research components. The interactions and dialogues that took place between moderators-participants and participants with each other were observed, and the field notebook records of the moderators were included. At the end of the last meeting, and after three months, in-depth interviews were conducted with those who attended at least half of the meetings. A guide with open-ended questions was used to find out the participants perspective on possible changes perceived as a result of the workshop experience. The data were categorised and then triangulated to ensure the validity of the analysis. Results: the following categories were identified that situate the participants experiences in relation to their time in the project: the generation of links between peers, the links with the moderators, the workshop dynamics, the sustainability of the project and the re-signification of the neighbourhood. Conclusion: it is feasible to generate positive changes in the health of older adults, to strengthen the spaces for socialisation and to successfully contribute to the resignification of the neighbourhoods through the mapping of assets for health. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Health Education/organization & administration , Healthy Aging/psychology , Health Promotion/organization & administration , Social Support , Socialization , Surveys and Questionnaires , Population Education , Community-Based Participatory Research
2.
Rev. Hosp. Ital. B. Aires (2004) ; 39(1): 4-11, mar. 2019. ilus., tab., graf.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1021445

ABSTRACT

El sedentarismo está aumentando en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA). Es importante estudiar el ambiente construido que promueve la realización de actividad física (AF). Nuestro objetivo fue analizar la distribución del espacio verde (EV) apto para realizar AF, así como la oferta estatal de actividades deportivas gratuitas en la ciudad. Se realizó un estudio ecológico analizando y mapeando datos según fuentes e informes oficiales de CABA para 2015. Hicimos un análisis por número absoluto, superficie, densidad poblacional y valor promedio del metro cuadrado construido por comuna. Además, realizamos un análisis cualitativo según imágenes satelitales de la ciudad. La mediana de espacio verde apto para AF era de 2,6 m2/habitante (rango intercuartílico de 1,0 a 4,6). La menor cantidad estuvo en las comunas céntricas, más densamente pobladas, así como en la mayoría de las de menor valor del terreno (una de estas tenía buena cantidad de EV, pero con un ambiente construido que podría limitar la realización de AF). En cambio, en cuanto a las actividades deportivas gratuitas, a menor valor del terreno había mayor oferta. Estos resultados deben analizarse junto con condiciones ambientales y de seguridad para la planificación integral de la ciudad. (AU)


Sedentary lifestyle is increasing in Buenos Aires City (CABA). It is important to study the built environment that promotes physical activity (PA). Our objective was to analyze the distribution of the green spaces or urban open spaces (GS) suitable for PA, as well as the state offer of free sports activities in the city. We did an ecological study, analyzing and mapping data according to sources and official reports of CABA for 2015. We performed analyses by absolute number, area, population density and average value of the built squared meter for each district (comuna). In addition, we did a qualitative analysis according to satellite images of the city. The median of green space suitable for PA was 2.6 m2 / inhabitant (interquartile range 1.0 to 4.6). The smallest amount was in the central districts, more densely populated, as well as in most of the lower landvalue ones (one of these had a good amount of GS, but with a built environment that could limit the practice of PA). In contrast, regarding free sports activities, the lower the value of the land, the greater the state offer. These results must be analyzed along with environmental and safety conditions for an integral planning of the city. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Regional Health Planning/organization & administration , Sports/trends , Health Equity/statistics & numerical data , Green Areas/statistics & numerical data , Noncommunicable Diseases/prevention & control , Built Environment/statistics & numerical data , Argentina , Quality of Life , Regional Health Planning/trends , Social Class , Sports/statistics & numerical data , Public Health/statistics & numerical data , Health Equity/organization & administration , Ecological Studies , Sedentary Behavior , Sense of Coherence , Healthy Lifestyle , Built Environment/supply & distribution , Built Environment/trends , Health Promotion/organization & administration
3.
Rev. argent. salud publica ; 6(25): 25-31, dic. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-869547

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: los estilos de vida poco saludables (sedentarismo, alimentación industrializada, tabaquismo, estrés) son fenómenos propios de las sociedades modernas que causan enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, patologías adquiridasde alto impacto poblacional. OBJETIVOS: Evaluar la factibilidady la eficacia de una estrategia participativa para desarrollar elprograma ALS (Ambiente Laboral Saludable) en una institución médica (Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires). MÉTODOS: Se realizó una investigación-acción participativa con metodología cualitativa y medición antes-después (cuatro meses) con encuesta ALS.RESULTADOS: La factibilidad dependió de la motivación inicial de algunos actores que contagiaron a sus pares. La participación de la línea media jerárquica constituyó un facilitador para definir cómo incorporar frutas y reglar la actividad física durante elhorario laboral. Las barreras fueron: dificultad para tomar la palabra y roles activos de construcción del espacio laboral. Se observaron descensos estadísticamente significativos en elconsumo de golosinas (1,6 a 0,9 días, p 0,02), tartas y empanadas (1,2 a 0,8 días, p 0,03) y un aumento significativo en el consumo de frutas (2,8 a 3,5 días, p 0,03). CONCLUSIONES: Para favorecerla factibilidad del programa ALS, es necesario dotar de innovación temprana al equipo de intervención, iniciar las actividades con soporte externo (hasta la aparición de líderes internos) y mediar la reflexión analítica conjunta.


INTRODUCTION: unhealthy lifestyles (sedentary lifestyle, industrial food system, smoking, stress) are typical ofmodern societies and cause non-communicable chronic diseases,acquired pathologies with high impact on population. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a participatorystrategy to develop the ALS program (Healthy Working Environment) in a medical institution (Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires). METHODS: A participatory action research was conducted, including qualitative methodology and measurement before and after intervention (four months) with ALS survey. RESULTS: Thefeasibility depended on the initial motivation of some actors, which had a positive influence on peers. The participation of the hierarchical midline was a facilitator to define how to incorpórate fruits and to regulate physical activity during the work time. The barriers were: difficulty to take the floor and assume active roles in building the workplace. There was a statistically significant decrease in the consumption of candies (1.6 to 0.9 days, p 0.02), tarts and “empanadas” (1.2 to 0.8 days, p 0.03) as well as a significant increase in fruit consumption (2.8 to 3.5 days, p 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: In order to increase the feasibility of the ALS program, it is necessary to provide the intervention team with early innovation, start the activities with external support(until the development of internal leaders), and promote a joint analytical reflection.


Subject(s)
Humans , Chronic Disease , Occupational Health , Social Participation
4.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1170988

ABSTRACT

Due to the environmental influences on health, the goal of this study was to describe and compare the built environment in 3 socially contrasting neighbourhoods of Buenos Aires city.In 2011 a cross-sectional study was conducted in 3 socially contrasting neighbourhoods of Buenos Aires city: Recoleta (upper class), Almagro (middle class) and Constitución (lower class). Grocery stores and food stands were surveyed as well as all suitable spaces to perform physical activity. An analysis was conducted to assess the density of every food outlet per Km2 of each neighbourhood’s area and per 10000 inhabitants. 2778 food stores and 149 outdoor physical activity facilities were surveyed. A higher density was observed in Constitución for fast food restaurants (Recoleta 3.6; Almagro 2.4; Constitución 6.7) and food stands (Recoleta 4.2; Almagro 1.2; Constitución 25.7) and a lower density for outdoor physical activity facilities. Population density and area density proved to be analogous. Statistically relevant differences were observed regarding the dimension of each food outlet: grocery stores, fruit stands, pubs, restaurants and food stands, as well as in the number of food stores and outdoor physical activity facilities. The information gathered in this study could be highly useful for public health policies on healthy lifestyles, and could eventually redefine the built environment in order to improve the city’s equality regarding outdoor physical activity facilities and food stores.


Subject(s)
Humans , Social Environment , Exercise , Residence Characteristics , Environment Design , Feeding Behavior , Food Supply/statistics & numerical data , Argentina , Restaurants/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Urban Population , Cross-Sectional Studies , Geographic Information Systems , Life Style
5.
Rev. argent. salud publica ; 4(15): 14-19, jun. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-724715

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles son la primera causa de muerte prematura y discapacidad en todo el mundo. Los alimentos industrializados son la fuente principal de sodio y grasas trans. OBJETIVOS: Evaluar la composición nutricionalde los alimentos industrializados en Argentina con especial foco en el contenido de sodio y grasas trans. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo observacional de corte transversal para la evaluación basal de la composición nutricional de alimentos industrializados. Se reportaron mg de sodio y g de grasas trans cada 100g. Los datos se recogieron entre agosto de 2011 y febrero de 2012. Se registraron los resultados basales (media y rango). RESULTADOS:Se recolectaron 647 productos de 9 grupos de alimentos. La media y el rango del contenido de sodio en mg fueron: panes blancos 458 (356-2.000), ravioles frescos 664,1 (396-1.058), quesos duros 804,1 (213-1.166), salchichas 978 (87,5-1.280), aperitivos 904 (824-1.104), mayonesa 826,6 (627-1.040), sopas 5.426,5 (3.240-7.115,8) y caldos 21.273,3 (19.420-22.440). Todos los productos registraron niveles de grasas trans menores a 1 g, salvo la manteca (3,2 g) y las margarinas (5,7 g). CONCLUSIONES: La mayoría de los productos supera los límites recomendados de sodio. La variación entre productos similares muestra que la reformulación es posible. El estudio puede contribuir a monitorear cambios en las políticas alimentarias, tanto para reducir sodio como para eliminar grasas trans


INTRODUCTION: Chronic non-communicable diseases are the main cause of premature death and disability worldwide. Industrialized foods are the main source of sodium and trans fats. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the nutritional composition of industrialized foods in Argentina, with special focus on sodium and trans fat content. METHODS: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted for the baseline evaluation of the nutritional composition of industrialized foods. Content of sodium (mg)and trans fat (g) per 100 g was reported. Data were collected from August 2011 to February 2012. Baseline results (mean and range) were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 647 products from 9 food groups were collected. Sodium mean and range values in mg were: white bread 458 (356-2000), fresh ravioli 664.1 (396-1058), hard cheese 804.1 (213-1166), saus ages 978 (87.5-1280), snacks 904(824-1104), mayonnaise 826.6 (627-1040), soups 5426.5 (3240-7115.8) and broths 21273.3 (19420-22440). All products showed trans fat levels lower than 1 g, except butter (3.2 g) and margarines (5.7 g). CONCLUSIONS:Most products exceed the recommended sodium levels. The variation between similar products shows that reformulation is possible. This study may contribute to the monitoring of future changes in food-related policies for the reduction of sodium and trans fats


Subject(s)
Humans , Trans Fatty Acids/analysis , Chronic Disease , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Cross-Sectional Studies/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Food Analysis , Industrialized Foods , Health Policy , Risk Factors
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