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1.
Rev. Fac. Med. (Bogotá) ; 69(3): e203, 20210326. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1347027

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Neurotrophins (NT) are a family of proteins consisting of the nerve growth factor (NGF), the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and NT-3 and NT-4/5. These proteins play an essential role in neuronal survival, differentiation, and proliferation. Objectives: To analyze the variations of NGF and BDNF serum levels in patients with chronic pain after undergoing neural therapy and to establish the effects of this type of intervention on their quality of life. Materials and methods: Prospective pilot study conducted in 10 patients with chronic pain treated with neural therapy between July 2017 and April 2018 in Bogotá D.C., Colombia. Three consultations were performed (one in which the intervention was initiated, and two follow-up visits every three weeks). During each consultation, the patients' quality of life was assessed using the SF-12 scale and their NGF and BDNF serum levels were measured. Data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, using medians and interquartile ranges for quantitative variables, and absolute frequencies and percentages for qualitative variables. Results: The median score on the SF-12 scale tended to improve in the first and second follow-up visits compared with the baseline score (pre-intervention), particularly during the first follow-up visit (consultation No. 1: 34.5; follow-up No. 1: 39.5, and follow-up No. 2: 38). Median NGF serum levels had a downward trend after the intervention, particularly in the first follow-up visit (157.6, 42.95, and 237.8, respectively), and in the case of BNDF, an overall downward trend was also found (29.96, 19.24 and 20.43, respectively). An improvement in quality of life related to the decrease in the serum levels of both neurotrophins was observed. Conclusion: Neural therapy intervention reduced NGF and BDNF serum levels and improved the quality of life of the participants. Therefore, the behavior of these neurotrophins could become a biomarker for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients with chronic pain.


Resumen Introducción. Las neurotrofinas (NT) son una familia de proteínas conformada por el factor de crecimiento nervioso (NGF), el factor neurotrófico derivado del cerebro (BDNF) y las neurotrofinas NT-3 y NT-4/5; estas proteínas tienen un papel esencial en la supervivencia, diferenciación y proliferación neuronal. Objetivos. Analizar las variaciones de los niveles séricos del NGF y el BDNF en pacientes con dolor crónico luego de recibir terapia neural y establecer los efectos de este tipo de intervención en su calidad de vida. Materiales y métodos. Estudio piloto prospectivo realizado en 10 pacientes con dolor crónico tratados con terapia neural entre julio de 2017 y abril de 2018 en Bogotá D.C., Colombia. Se realizaron 3 consultas (una en la que se inició la intervención y dos de control cada tres semanas) y en cada una se evaluó la calidad de vida mediante el cuestionario de salud SF-12 y se midieron los niveles séricos del NGF y el BDNF. Los datos se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva, utilizando medianas y rangos intercuartiles para las variables cuantitativas, y frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes para las cualitativas. Resultados. La mediana de puntaje del cuestionario SF-12 tendió a mejorar en el primer y segundo control comparada con la puntuación inicial (antes de la intervención), en particular en el primer control (consulta 1: 34.5; control 1: 39.5, y control 2: 38). La mediana de los niveles séricos del NGF tendió a disminuir luego de la intervención, en particular en el primer control (157.6, 42.95 y 62.2, respectivamente), y en el caso del BNDF, la tendencia global también fue hacia la disminución (29.96, 19.24 y 20.43, respectivamente). Se observó una mejora en la calidad de vida relacionada con la disminución de los niveles séricos de ambas neurotrofinas. Conclusión. La intervención de terapia neural produjo una reducción en los niveles séricos del NGF y el BDNF y mejoró la calidad de vida de los participantes; por tanto, el comportamiento de estas neurotro-finas podría convertirse en un biomarcador para el diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento de pacientes con dolor crónico.

2.
Interdisciplinaria ; 36(2): 1-1, dic. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1056536

ABSTRACT

Resumen El objetivo del presente estudio fue establecer las características del comportamiento proambiental de los estudiantes universitarios colombianos, esto es, identificar las actitudes, creencias, valoraciones, prácticas y conocimientos ambientales de estudiantes colombianos de diferentes carreras universitarias. Para ello se realizó un estudio descriptivo-correlacional de corte transversal con una muestra de 1503 estudiantes de diferentes carreras universitarias en cinco ciudades colombianas, con una probabilidad de incidencia de .5, 95 % de confianza y un error del 2.5 %. Los participantes fueron seleccionados aleatoriamente al interior de cada universidad y seles aplicaron el Inventario de Comportamiento Proambiental (ICP) y el Test de Conocimiento Ambiental (TCA), este último desarrollado específicamente para propósitos de la presente investigación. Se encontró que los estudiantes encuestados poseen actitudes y creencias ambientales positivas en la mayoría de las dimensiones. El nivel de conocimiento ambiental de los estudiantes en las cinco ciudades seleccionadas es bajo. Si bien no se observaron diferencias significativas entre las carreras respecto a las creencias, valoraciones, acciones y conocimientos ambientales, paradójicamente los estudiantes de ciencias ambientales ocuparon lugares inferiores a los que estudian ciencias económicas y administrativas. Se puede concluir que existen diferencias según la ciudad en las creencias, valoración, conocimiento y acciones ambientales de los estudiantes encuestados. El reporte de acciones ambientales presenta un perfil controversial pues al mismo tiempo las personas realizan comportamientos proambientales y antiambientales. Las instituciones universitarias y el gobierno tienen el desafío de lograr que la educación ambiental muestre los resultados esperados para el cumplimiento de las metas ambientales del país y del mundo.


Abstract The objective of the present study was to establish the characteristics of the pro environmental behavior of Colombian university students; that is, to identify the attitudes, beliefs, valuations, practices and environmental knowledge of Colombian students from different university careers. For this purpose, a cross-sectional descriptive-correlational study was carried out with a sample of 1503 students from different university careers in five Colombian cities, with an incidence probability of .5, 95 % confidence and an error of 2.5 %. The participants were randomly selected within each university and the questionnaires applied were the Pro environmental Behaviour Inventory (ICP) and the Environmental Knowledge Test (TCA); the latter was developed specifically for the purposes of this research. The students surveyed were found to have positive environmental attitudes and beliefs in most dimensions. The level of environmental awareness of students in the five selected cities is low. Although no significant differences were observed between the careers with respect to beliefs, valuations, actions and environmental knowledge, paradoxically the students of environmental sciences occupied inferior places to those who study economic and administrative sciences. Thus, in the analysis of specific items it was evidenced that the students of environmental sciences develop diverse anti environmental actions, in a similar way to the behavior patterns of the students of the other researched careers. With respect to the region, the results show that it is possible to conclude that there are differences according to the city with respect to the beliefs, valuation, knowledge and environmental actions of the students surveyed. Among the findings it is worth highlighting the results of Bucaramanga in terms of the report of environmental actions and the highest average in the TCA observed in that city. Similarly, Cali stands out along with Bucaramanga in its results, while Medellín obtained the lowest scores in environmental knowledge. Finally, in the report on environmental actions in university students, contradictory results are observed, given that it presents a controversial profile because people perform pro-environmental and anti-environmental behaviors at the same time, with positive environmental attitudes and beliefs in accordance with these attitudes. Regarding the knowledge about the environment, in the descriptive results the average of the test was 12 points, which means that the students failed the test. The multivariate analysis showed that the theoretical model on which the construction of the ICP was based and the instruments from which items were selected for its conformation, apparently has great predictive power with respect to the verbal report of environmental actions; however, the TCA, a test constructed specifically for this research, would covariate with almost all the factors of the ICP but does not predict causally the actions reported by the students. In general, this study shows that university institutions and the Colombian government have the challenge of ensuring that environmental education achieves the expected results for the fulfillment of both the country and the world's environmental goals. The results also demonstrates the need to articulate policies, actions and regulations to improve the quality of environmental education in universities, as well as to implement citizen behavior programs that promote responsible consumption, given that knowledge does not correlate with effective actions in terms of public services, green brands and solid urban waste management, among other areas.

3.
Repert. med. cir ; 25(2): 79-88, 2016. Il., tab.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-795749

ABSTRACT

La hiperplasia adrenal congénita es un conjunto de anomalías con herencia autosómica recesiva por el déficit de una de las cinco enzimas necesarias para la síntesis de cortisol en la corteza adrenal. La causa más frecuente es la deficiencia de 21 hidroxilasa, que explica más del 95% de los casos. La presentación es heterogénea y depende de cuán afectada está la función enzimática y el sexo del paciente. Se clasifica en una variante no clásica y clásica, esta se subclasifica en una forma con pérdidas salinas y virilizante simple. El tratamiento se fundamenta en el uso de glucocorticoides y mineralocorticoides, con un seguimiento estricto para minimizar las reacciones adversas.Objetivo: Revisión descriptiva sobre el estado del arte de la hiperplasia adrenal congénita.Materiales y métodosRevisión no sistemática de la literatura mediante los buscadores Medline, PubMed, LILACS y la herramienta Clinical Key de publicaciones en los últimos diez años. Se usaron las palabas: hiperplasia adrenal congénita, déficit de 21 hidroxilasa y ambigüedad sexual.Discusión y conclusión: Como es una enfermedad de gran variabilidad en la presentación clínica y las características paraclínicas, es necesario que los profesionales de la salud tengan amplio conocimiento en cuanto a su forma de presentación, diagnóstico y manejo en situaciones especiales (crisis adrenal, dosis de estrés, embarazo), además de realizar seguimiento regular e intervenciones tempranas con el fin de mermar las consecuencias deletéreas, derivadas del tratamiento con corticoides en forma crónica.


Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a group of autosomal recessive anomalies caused by a deficiency of one of the five enzymes required for the synthesis of cortisol in the adrenal cortex. The most common cause is 21-hydroxylase deficiency, which accounts for over 95% of cases. The presentation is heterogeneous and depends on how much the enzymatic function is affected, and sex of the patient. It is classified as a non-classical and classical variant, which is sub-classified into simple virilising and salt loss. The treatment is based on the use of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids, with close monitoring to minimise adverse reactions.Objective: To present a descriptive review of the state of art of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.Materials and methods: A non-systematic review of publications in the literature over the past ten years using the Medline, PubMed, LILACS and Clinical Key. The search words used were: congenital adrenal hyperplasia, 21-hydroxylase deficiency, and sexual ambiguity.Discussion and conclusion: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a disease of great variability in clinical presentation and para-clinical characteristics. Health professionals should have extensive knowledge in its presentation, diagnosis, and management in special situations (adrenal crisis, stress dose, pregnancy). It also requires regular monitoring and early interventions in order to reduce the deleterious consequences arising from continuous treatment with corticosteroids.


Subject(s)
Genitalia/abnormalities , Hyperplasia , Neonatal Screening , Therapeutics
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