efficacy of turmeric to alleviate chlorinated solvents-induced oxidative status on rats

Purpose is to examine the possible influence of turmeric as natural antioxidant on 1,2-dichloroethane [1,2DCE] induced oxidative status in rats. Thirty five adult male albino rats Sprague-Dawley strain were divided into five groups [7rats each]. Group A served as negative control fed basal diet. Group B [positive control] fed standard diet and 1,2DCE added [313mg / 100 g diet] for 4 weeks. Group C fed standard diet + 1,2DCE + curcumin 0.5% for 4 weeks as a protective group. Group D fed standard diet + curcumin 0.5% for 4 weeks after that added 1,2 DCE to 4 weeks as a preventive group. Group E fed standard diet + 1,2DCE for 4 weeks after that added turmeric 0.5% for 4 weeks as a curative group. Levels of Glutathione [GSH], Superoxide dismutase [SOD] and Malondialdehyde [MDA] were determined in homogenate kidneys, brain, and lungs of rats. RNA and DNA were extracted from brain homogenate. Determination of serum: total protein, urea, uric acid and creatinine. The results showed that both of GSH, SOD, RNA and DNA increased in rats' tissue for treated groups with turmeric but MDA is decreased versus positive groups. The analysis of serum explains alleviating the adverse effect of chlorinated solvents on rats that fed turmeric. kidney, lung and brain, these organs representing important target organs of chlorinated solvents toxicity and the turmeric as a natural antioxidants alleviated effect of these pollutant

Turmeric may protect cells from oxidative stress by acrylamide in-vivo

Turmeric is a perennial herb; the rhizome is the portion of the plant that is used medicinally. It is the source of the spice turmeric with characteristic yellow color. Acrylamide is found in some foods that are cooked at high temperatures. It appears to be formed as a by product of the Maillard reaction. Maillard reaction is a type of non -enzymatic browning, which involves the reaction of simple sugars [carbonyl groups] and amino acids. Only the acrylamide monomer is toxic. Present work is focused on turmeric's antioxidant activity against acrylarnide toxicity. Rats were divided into three groups [7 rats/ group]. Group A served as negative control that was fed on standard diet [commercial diet] for 11 days. Group B was fed for 11 days on standard diet containing 0.34g acrylamide / kg diet as a positive control. Group C received standard diet with turmeric [0.5%] and same concentration 0.34g acrylamide/ kg diet for 11 days as a protective group. Results revealed that kidney, brain and lung tissues were disturbed when rats were fed on acrylamide diet. Turmeric had ameliorated the antioxidant status in these organs. It is concluded that turmeric as a natural antioxidant has protected from acrylamide toxicity

Alteration of oxidative status in rats following administration of acrylamide

Acrylamide [ACR] is a known industrial neurotoxic and carcinogenic chemical in rodents. The recent discovery of acrylamide in wide variety of commonly consumed foods has energized research efforts worldwide to define toxic mechanisms. The present study is carried out to investigate the effect of acrylamide administration on in vivo malondialdehyde [MDA, a product of lipid peroxidation], reduced glutathione [GSH] as well as copper and zinc superoxide dismutase enzyme activity [Cu/Zn SOD] of rats. Fourteen adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into two groups each containing "7" rats. Group I served as negative control fed on basal diet and group 2 [positive control] received basal diet and acrylamide [0.34 g/ kg diet] for 11 days. Levels of MDA, GSH and activity of SOD were determined in liver, kidneys, brain, heart, testes, spleen and lungs of rats. ACR treatment significantly increased MDA in all organs; the highest increase was detected in testis [87.9%] and heart [71.5%] while the lowest one was found in kidneys [28.2%]. On the other hand, GSH levels and SOD activities were significantly reduced in ACR treated rats. However, the reduction of GSH level ranged from 10.2% to 36.5%.The inhibition of SOD activities were higher in testis [57.3%] and lungs [38.5%]. The present study showed that ACR exerts deteriorated effects on oxidative status of rats

pathophysiology of hemodialysis-induced hypotension in end stage renal [ESRD] disease patients

The upsurge in the renal failure patients undergoing haemodyalisis has attracted the researcher to figure out the possible mechanism of the haemodyalysis associated with hypotension. the purpose of this study was to determine plasma levels of ghrelin, leptin, insulin, and nitric oxide in renal failure patients with and without haemodialysis-induced hypotension, and to examine the potential correlation between these parameters and mean blood pressure in those patients. Sixty-four renal patients were included in the study and, were divided into three groups The first group consisted of 21 patients with renal insufficiency who were not on dialysis [NHD], the second group consisted of 23 patients on regular maintenance hemodialysis with normal blood pressure [HDNT] and, the third group consisted of 20 patients on regular maintenance hemodialysis with hypotension [HDHT]. The control group consisted of 20 healthy volunteers. Body mass index [BMI] and waist-hip ratio [WHR] were assessed. Blood pressure was measured three times within an interval of 5 min and the average was estimated. Mean blood pressure [MBP] was calculated. Nitric oxide metabolites [nitrates + nitrites, NO[X]], plasma ghrelin, leptin and insulin levels were assayed. BMI was significantly lower in HDHT group than the control, NHD, and HDNT groups. While the waist/hip ratio was significantly higher in HDHT group than NDH group. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly lower in HDHT group than the other groups. Regarding the HDNT group, the systolic blood pressure was significantly lower than control and NHD group, while the diastolic one was significantly lower than the NDH group. Serum albumin was significantly lower in both HDHT and HDNT groups compared with NHD and control groups, however, it was significantly lower in HDHT compared with HDNT group. In addition, serum urea and creatinine, were significantly higher in the both HDHT, and HDNT groups compared with NHD and control groups, and it was significantly lower in HDHT compared with HDNT group. Plasma levels of Ghrelin, nitrate/nitrite [NO[X]] and leptin were significantly higher in patients compared with the control groups. Moreover, they were significantly higher in HDHT than HDNT and NHD groups, and in HDNT than NHD group. Regarding plasma levels of insulin it was significantly higher in the renal patients compared with the control group. However, there was no significant difference in insulin level between NHD and DHNT groups, while it was significantly higher in HDHT group compared with the two other renal patient groups [NHD, and HDNT. There was a significant negative correlation between changes of mean artrial blood pressure and ghrelin, leptin, insulin levels in both HDNT and HDHT patients. Our data suggest that excessive production of ghrelin, leptin, insulin and NOX contributes to HD-related hypotension in renal dialysis patients. The significantly elevated plasma levels of leptin and ghrelin is probably, at least in part, caused by impairment of their clearance by the kidney. Although being produced by the kidney, the physiological role of ghrelin in the kidney under normal and pathological conditions remains not fully elucidated. The elevated plasma insulin level may be caused by impaired glucose metabolism in uremic patients with alterations in insulin degradation and insulin secretion. The elevated NO[X] may be due to elevated serum leptin that modulates endothelial NO production, and /or elevated serum insulin that enhances NO release. However, we need to study the correlation between NO production and leptin and insulin levels in HD-related hypotension in renal dialysis patients to confirm this hypothesis