ABSTRACT
Background: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells [BM-MSCs] elicit neuroprotective effects, and their repair ability has been investigated in different experimental models. We aimed to investigate the effect of multiple i.p. BM-MSCs injections in the cuprizone model of multiple sclerosis in mice
Methods: Adult male C57BL/6 mice [n = 40] were fed a regular diet or a diet containing cuprizone [0.2% w/w] for six weeks. Bone marrow samples were taken from patients with spinal cord injury. BM-MSCs [2 * 10[6] in 1 milliliter medium] were administered intraperitoneally for two consecutive weeks at the end of the forth weeks of cuprizone administration. Animals [n = 12] were perfused with 10% paraformaldehyde at the end of sixth week. The brains were sectioned coronally in 6- 8-Mu m thickness [-2.3 to 1.8 mm from bregma]. The sections were stained by luxol fast blue-cresyl violet, and images were captured via a microscope. Demyelination ratio was estimated in corpus callosum in a blind manner. A quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the myelin basic protein gene expression at sixth week
Results: Histologically, cuprizone induced demyelination in the corpus callosum. Demyelinated area was diminished in the corpus callosum of cell-administered group. Cuprizone could decrease myelin-binding protein mRNAs expression in corpus callosum, which was significantly recovered after BM-MSCs injections
Conclusion: Our data indicated a remyelination potency of multiple i.p. BM-MSCs in the cuprizone model of multiple sclerosis in mice
ABSTRACT
Zataria multiflora Boiss. is used in Iranian traditional medicine to treat gastrointestinal disorders and menrrhalgia. The inhibitory effect of this herb on rat ileum contractions is also reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Zataria multiflora Boiss. hydroalcoholic leaf extract [ZHLE] on isolated rat uterus in presence of some known uterus stimulants. Pieces of virgin adult rat uterus were mounted in an organ bath containing Tyrode or De Jalon solutions. Uterus contraction was induced by KCI, oxytocin and BaCl2 in presence and absence of certain concentrations of ZHLE. In the oxytocin studies, animals received an injection of oestradiol valerate [5mg/kg, S.C.] 24h prior to the experiment. ZHLE [0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/ml] relaxed the uterus precontracted by KCI [60mM] in a dose-dependent manner [P<0.0001] and at 2mg/ml attenuated the BaCl[2] [4mM]-induced uterus contraction [P<0.001]. The inhibitory effect of ZHLE on KCl-induced uterus contraction was unaffected by propranolol [1microM]. In normal De Jalon solution, ZHLE [0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and Img/ml] reduced the oxytocin [10mU/ml]-induced contraction dose-dependently [P<0.0001] but in Ca[2]+-free De Jalon solution, the stimulatory effect of oxytocin was lesser nevertheless, the inhibitory effect of ZHLE was higher. In presence of atropine [0.5microM], acetylcholine [0.5microM] was failed to induce contraction but KCI [30mM] evoked contraction and the extract diminished the contractile response of KCI. The spasmolytic effect of extract [2mg/ml] on KCl-induced contraction was unaffected by naloxone [ImicroM]. From the obtained results it may be concluded that, the ZHLE may induce the inhibitory effect through blockage of the voltage dependent calcium channels and releasing calcium from intracellular stores in rat uterus smooth muscle. The ineffectiveness of propranolol and naloxone on ZHLE inhibitory effect indicates that adrenergic and opioid agonist substance[s] does not exist in the extract. It seems that there is no anticholinergic substance[s] in the extract. The results support the usage of this plant in traditional medicine