ABSTRACT
Antecedentes: Existen pocas investigaciones que muestren cómo la caries de aparición temprana (CAT) afecta a la mayoría de los niños peruanos. Sin embargo, es aún menor la cantidad de estudios que muestran cómo la CAT y la necesidad de tratamiento (NTx) afectan la calidad de vida de los menores. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de la salud bucal sobre la calidad de vida según CAT y NTx en preescolares del Perú. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo-transversal conformado por una muestra de 360 niños de 3 a 5 años de una institución educativa pública del distrito de Independencia, en Lima. Los niños fueron examinados con el índice CEOD, NTx y el cuestionario de Escala de impacto de la salud oral en infancia temprana (ECOHIS). Los datos fueron analizados con estadística descriptiva y para relacionar se usó ANOVA y Kruskal Wallis (p<0,05). Resultados: La prevalencia de CAT fue de 73,6% y la NTx más requerida fue la "obturación superficial". Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas tanto para CAT como para NTx en relación con todos los dominios de calidad de vida. Conclusiones: La CAT y la NTx tienen impacto negativo en la calidad de vida de los preescolares.
Contexto: Existem poucas pesquisas que demonstrem como a cárie precoce na infância (CPI) afeta a maioria das crianças peruanas. No entanto, é ainda menor o número de estudos que mostram como a CPI e a necessidade de tratamento (NTx) afetam a qualidade de vida das crianças. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida segundo a CPI e a NTx em pré-escolares do Peru. Material e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo-transversal, com uma amostra de 360 crianças de 3 a 5 anos de uma instituição de ensino público do distrito de Independência, em Lima. As crianças foram examinadas com o índice CEOD, NTx e o questionário de a escala de impacto na saúde bucal na primeira infancia (ECOHIS). Os dados foram analisados com estatística descritiva e para relacioná-los foram usados ANOVA e Kruskal Wallis (p <0,05). Resultados: A prevalência de CPI foi de 73,6% e a NTx mais requerida foi a "obturação superficial". Foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas tanto para a CPI, quanto para a NTx em relação a todos os domínios da qualidade de vida. Conclusões: A CPI e a NTx tem impacto negativo na qualidade de vida dos pré-escolares.
Background: Few studies have investigated the effect of early childhood caries (ECC) on Peruvian children; there are even fewer studies of how ECC and treatment needs (TNs) affect the quality of life of these children. Objective: To assess the impact of oral health on the quality of life, according to ECC and TNs, of Peruvian preschool children. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, consisting of a sample of 360 children aged 3 to 5 years from a public educational institution in the district of Independencia, Lima. The children were examined using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index, the TNs index, and the early childhood oral health impact scale (ECOHIS) questionnaire. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics using ANOVA and the Kruskal-Wallis test to establish relationships (p <0.05). Results: The prevalence of ECC was 73.6%, and the most required TN was "surface filling." Statistically significant differences were found for both ECC and TNs in relation to all quality of life domains. Conclusions: ECC and TNs have a negative impact on the quality of life of preschool children.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Quality of Life , Oral Health , Dental Caries/epidemiology , Peru , Socioeconomic Factors , Dental Health Surveys , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dental Caries/therapy , Health Services Needs and DemandABSTRACT
Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de incisivos en forma de pala y su asociación con el overjet. Material y Métodos: La muestra estuvo conformada por 270 niños de 7 a 11 años de una Institución pública deChilca. Se realizó una evaluación clínica para determinar la presencia o ausencia de los incisivos en pala y de qué tipo se trataba según la clasificación de Hrdlicka. Asimismo, se registró la medida del overjet con una sonda periodontal PCP 11.5B Hu Friedy®. Finalmente, se realizó la prueba de Chi cuadrado para determinar la asociación entre ambasvariables. Resultados: La prevalencia de incisivos en forma de pala fue de 72,60% con mayor frecuencia en el género femenino. Se halló una mayor prevalencia de forma de pala en los incisivos laterales (71,85%) que en los centrales (67,77%). El tipode forma de pala predominante fue el de tipo I en ambos grupos de incisivos (31,85% y 31,48%). No se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre los incisivos en forma de pala y el overjet. (p=0.075)...
Objective: To determine the prevalence of the shovel-shaped incisors and their association with the overjet. Material and Methods: The sample included 270 children from a Chilcas Public Institution aged from 7 to 11. Aclinical assessment was carried out to determine the presence or absence of the shovel-shaped incisors and whichwas its type according to the Hrdlickas scale. Likewise, the measurement of overjet was registered with only oneperiodontal probe PCP 11.5B Hu Friedy®. Finally, the chi-squared test was carried out to determine the association between both variables. Results: The prevalence of the shovel-shaped incisors was 72,60%, more frequently in females It was found a greaterprevalence of shovel-shaped lateral incisors (71,85%) than shovel-shaped central incisors (67,77%). In both groups ofincisors, the Type I was predominant (31,85% and 31.48%). An association statistically significant between the shovelshaped incisors and overjet was not found. (p=0.075)...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Tooth Abnormalities , Incisor/abnormalities , PrevalenceABSTRACT
Mucoceles are common disorders of the minor salivary glands, occurring specially on the lower lip. Their occurrence in newborn babies has rarely been reported. In addition, the surgical removal of oral lesions in babies has often been performed with general anesthesia, which option is usually related to the patients' ages, irrespective of the lesion's size and the access to anatomic region where it is located. The present report, however, details the treatment of a mucocele excision performed in an 8-month-old baby with local anesthesia. This case illustrates well that knowledge of the lesion and dentist's experience in the attendance of babies is important, as often only conservative treatment with local anesthesia is required. Therefore, clinicians and parents should be reassured that early surgical intervention under local anesthesia will provide a swift and satisfactory resolution to the problem.
Mucocele é uma ocorrência comum nas glândulas salivares menores, que acontece, principalmente, no lábio inferior. Em bebês, tem sido raramente reportada na literatura. Em adição, a remoção cirúrgica de lesões orais em bebês tem sido realizada sob anestesia geral, cuja opção geralmente se refere à idade do paciente, sem ter relação com o tamanho da lesão e o acesso à região anatômica onde está localizada. O presente caso clínico, no entanto, descreve a excisão da mucocele realizada em um bebê de 8 meses de idade, sob anestesia local. Esse caso ilustra bem que o conhecimento da lesão e a experiência do dentista no atendimento de bebês é muito importante, já que somente um tratamento conservador sob anestesia local é necessário. Portanto, clínicos e pais devem ser alertados para o fato de que uma intervenção cirúrgica precoce sob anestesia local irá proporcionar uma resolução rápida e satisfatória do problema.
ABSTRACT
Dental caries is a transmissible infectious disease in which mutans streptococci are generally considered to be the main etiological agents. Although the transmissibility of dental caries is relatively well established in the literature, little is known whether information regarding this issue is correctly provided to the population. The present study aimed at evaluating, by means of a questionnaire, the knowledge and usual attitude of 640 parents and caretakers regarding the transmissibility of caries disease. Most interviewed adults did not know the concept of dental caries being an infectious and transmissible disease, and reported the habit of blowing and tasting food, sharing utensils and kissing the children on their mouth. 372 (58.1 percent) adults reported that their children had already been seen by a dentist, 264 (41.3 percent) answered that their children had never gone to a dentist, and 4 (0.6 percent) did not know. When the adults were asked whether their children had already had dental caries, 107 (16.7 percent) answered yes, 489 (76.4 percent) answered no, and 44 (6.9 percent) did not know. Taken together, these data reinforce the need to provide the population with some important information regarding the transmission of dental caries in order to facilitate a more comprehensive approach towards the prevention of the disease.