Effective treatment of gefitinib on bone metastasis in survival of non-small cell lung cancer patients and prognostic factors in the patients with bone metastasis / 实用肿瘤学杂志

Obj ectiev The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of bone metastasis on survival in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),Which were treated with gefitinib for more than 6 months,and to identify the prognostic factors of patients with NSCLC presenting bone metastasis .Methods We compared the overall survival(OS), progression-free survival(PFS),1-year2,-year and 3-year survival rates between two cohorts based on bone metastasis ,as well as the prognostic factors in the patients with bone metastasis .Results In total, 76 patients were included in the study ,in which there are44 patients with no bone metastasis and32 patients with bone metastasis.The cohorts were similar in OS (19.000 ±3.317 months vs.26.000 ±2.121 months,P =0.625)as well as PFS (14.000 ±1.843 months vs.16.000 ±1.411 months,P=0.328).The 1-year survival rate was 63.6%in no bone metastasis cohort,but was increased to 96.9%in the other cohort.The survival rates at 2 years(34.1%vs.56.3%,P=0.054)and 3 years(18.2%vs.18.4%,P=0.950)were similar.The univa-riate analysis showed that a worse prognosis was more likely existed in elderly patients ( aged >60 years) and with pulmonary progression ,whereby factors including gender ,pathology s,moking index ,brain metastases ,bone related events and the application of radiotherapy ,bisphosphonates might not be independently associated with the surviv -al late.Analysis of multiple variables indicated a favorable prognosis for patients with no pulmonary progression . Conclusion This retrospective study shows that bone metastasis may not shorten the survival in patients whose pulmonary lesion was controlled by gefitinib .On the contrary ,pulmonary progression may be more likely the cause of death in patients with bone metastasis .Non suggestion is given to discontinue gefitinib when the bone metastasis appears.

Prevalence of suicide ideation among middle school students in China: a systematic analysis of studies between 2000 and 2012 / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the prevalence and differences between gender and grades of suicide ideation among middle school students in China from 2000 to 2012 so as to provide basis for suicide prevention among middle school students.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Electronic search strategy was carried out, using PubMed, Wanfang Database, VIP Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and CBM to collect data on suicide ideation among middle school students. Fixed effects model or random effects model was employed according to statistical tests for the homogeneity. Publication bias was assessed by rank correlation test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>40 papers were included for meta-analysis, with a total sample size of 320 375. The combined prevalence of suicide ideation was 17.99% (95%CI: 16.59% - 19.49%). Prevalence rates of suicide ideation were stratified by factors as gender and grade at school. Pooled prevalence rates on suicide ideation were as follows: 14.71% (95%CI: 13.42% - 16.11%) and 19.92% (95%CI: 19.30% - 21.64%), P < 0.05 for boys and girls;16.94% (95%CI: 15.35% - 18.66%) and 19.01% (95%CI: 17.23% - 20.93%), P < 0.05 for senior or junior high school students, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There were differences in the prevalence of suicide ideation among middle school students between genders and grades in China.</p>

Effect of vagal nerve stimulation on heart rate and heart rate variability in the toads / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of vagal stimulation of different frequencies on heart rate and heart rate variability in the toads.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The animals were prepared to be models of isolated heart with right vagosympathetic trunks, then the nerves stimulated by different frequencies. Collected the electrocardiogram of isolated hearts and analyzed the data with HRV software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Since the effect of sympathetic nerve had been diminished, vagal stimulation resulted in HR being markedly attenuated (P < 0.01), SDNN and RMSSD being significantly increased (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in different levels of frequency. Contrast to group control, HR,SDNN and RMSSD each changed clearly. At the frequency of 0.2 Hz, HF increased markedly (P < 0.01), and LF/HF decreased obviously (P < 0.05) in group P + P. While at the frequency of 0.8 Hz, HF and LF/HF were both around the level of pre-stimulation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These findings suggest that in the certain electrical stimulation frequency range, the effect of vagal on HR increases along with the frequency. Without the effect of sympathetic nerve, the modulation of vagal to HR and HRV may have different ways.</p>

Survey of feeding patterns in 437 infants from Huining County of Gansu Province / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the feeding patterns of infants in Huining County, Gansu Province, an economically undeveloped county in China, so as to provide scientific evidence for nutritional intervention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By cluster sampling based on the area distribution and the economic state, 437 children from 7 different areas in Huining County, Gansu Province were enrolled. A questionnaire on the feeding patterns within 24 months of age was completed by the caregivers. The addition of nutrient supplements (calcium, zinc, ferri, vitamin AD, etc.) during the last year was investigated using the food frequency questionnaires.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average percentages of breast feeding, mixed feeding and artificial feeding were 45.3%, 40.5% and 14.2% respectively. Delayed introduction of complementary food was the most common. Formula powder was added earliest, at age of 6.4 months. The meats were added latest, at age of 17.2 months. Only 66.8% of infants received an addition of complementary food at age of 4-6 months. Grains, vegetables, fruits and eggs were common complementary additional diets, but fishes and shrimps were seldom provided. The proportion of nutrient supplement use was low. The choice of nutrient supplements in urban districts mainly depended on the physicians' suggestions, but in rural area it depended on the caregivers' experience and media advertisements.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The feeding patterns for the infants are not reasonable in Huining County, Gansu Province. It is important to provide nutritional education and reasonable feeding program for caregivers from economically undeveloped areas.</p>

Expression of nm23 and KAI1 and their clinical significance in gallbladder adenocarcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of two tumor metastasis suppressor genes nm23 and KAI1 in gallbladder adenocarcinoma, and their clinicopathological significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Specimens and clinical data from 31 gallbladder adenocarcinoma patients were collected. Histopathological grading and the expression of nm23 and KAI1 were detected by HE and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. All cases were followed up for at least three years.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Immunohistochemical staining showed that the positive rate of nm23 and KAI1 proteins was 71.0% (22/31) and 61.3% (19/31), respectively. The positive expression rates of nm23 and KAI1 proteins in the early stage carcinomas were significantly higher than those in the moderate and advanced stage ones (P exact = 0.0051 and P exact = 0.0084), and both had an negative correlation with clinicopathologic stage (P trend = 0.0047 and P trend = 0.0058). There was a significant difference in the expression of nm23 and KAI1 proteins among well, moderately and poorly differentiated carcinomas (P exact = 0.0328 and P exact = 0.0020). The expression of nm23 and KAI1 was positively correlated with histopathological grade (P trend = 0.0086 and P trend = 0.0006). There was also a significant difference in the expression of nm23 and KAI1 proteins between 17 survival and 14 dead patients (P exact = 0.0038 and P exact = 0.0001 ). A synergistic effect of nm23 and KAI1 protein on the survival was observed , and seemed to be more important than any individual gene alone (P exact = 0.0005).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expressions of nm23 and KAI1 proteins are negatively correlated with clinical stage, but positively with histopathological grade in gallbladder adenocarcinoma. These two tumor metastasis suppressor genes may act synergistically to inhibit the tumor metastasis.</p>

Utilization of the stable ectopic expression cell line as a model for the investigation of RIG-G gene / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the biological function of RIG-G gene by establishing a cell line stably expressing RIG-G protein.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ectopic RIG-G gene was transfected into U937 cells by using Tet-off expression system. Changes before and after RIG-G expression were detected for cell growth, cell morphology, cell surface antigen and cell cycle regulating proteins.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>RIG-G protein arrested the cells at G0/G1 phase and inhibited cell growth by increasing the cell cycle inhibitors P21 and P27. As compared to that in control group, the proportion of cells at G0/G1 phase in RIG-G-expressing cell group increased from (43.9 +/- 5.6)% to (63.9 +/- 2.3)% (P < 0.01). The rate of growth inhibition was (68.7 +/- 0.2)%. In addition, an increase in CD11C expression [(61.3 +/- 1.1)% vs. (18.0 +/- 0.4)% (P < 0.01)] and in cells with morphologic features of partial differentiation (smaller cell size, reduced nucleus-cytoplasm ratio, notched nucleus and coarse chromatin) was also observed in RIG-G-expressing cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>RIG-G has potential abilities to inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell differentiation.</p>