ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/AIMS: It is unknown whether pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is an effective intervention to manage coal-worker pneumoconiosis (CWP). We evaluated the efficacy and safety of an individualized PR program in 53 patients with CWP hospitalized in two medical institutions. METHODS: The PR program consisted of upper and lower extremity exercises to improve exercise endurance and skeletal musculoskeletal strength. All subjects performed treadmill and ergometer exercise with steady loading weights three times/week for 12 weeks. The following tests were performed before and after the study to investigate the efficacy of the PR program: modified Borg scale, pulmonary function test, mid-thigh circumference, maximum muscular strength, 6-min walk distance (6MWD), and the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), Korean version. RESULTS: Forty patients (75.5%) completed their PR programs. They improved significantly on the modified Borg scale, mid-thigh circumference, maximum muscular strength, 6MWD (all p < 0.000), and SGRQ (p = 0.007); however, no significant improvement was observed on the pulmonary function test. A significant improvement in dyspnea (p = 0.004) and 6MWD (p = 0.002) was observed in 12 patients with forced expiratory volume in 1 sec < 60%. The PR program with smoking cessation resulted in significantly more improvement on the 6MWD (p < 0.0001) and the SGRQ score (p = 0.002), as compared to those of patients who did not quit smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that an individualized 12-week PR program improves exercise capacity and quality of life for patients with CWP.
Subject(s)
Humans , Dyspnea , Exercise , Exercise Therapy , Forced Expiratory Volume , Lower Extremity , Pneumoconiosis , Quality of Life , Surveys and Questionnaires , Rehabilitation , Respiratory Function Tests , Smoke , Smoking , Smoking Cessation , Weights and MeasuresABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Coal workers' pneumoconiosis(CWP) is a fibrotic lung disease resulting from the chronic inhalation of coal dust. Various cytokines and growth factors secreted from macrophages and monocytes play a key r ole in the pathogenesis of penumoconiosis. The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB and the insulin-like growth factor(IGF)-1 secreted from the macrophages and monocytes are believed to stimulate the accumulation of mesenchymal cells and fibrosis of the lower respiratory tract that is observed in fibrotic lung disease. The serum concentration of PDGF-BB and IGF-1 in 30 CWP patients and 10 healthy controls were measured in order to determine if PDGF-BB and IGF-1 can be used as sensitive biomarkers in CWP. METHODS: Serum was collected from 30 patients with CWP (13 with simple CWP and 17 with complicated CWP) and 10 healthy controls. The serum concentrations of PDGF-BB and IGF-1 were measured using ELISA (RandD system, Minneapolis, MN). RESULTS: The serum PDGF-BB concentration in patients with complicated CWP (10083.76+/-639.07 pg/ml) was significantly higher than in the patients with simple CWP(8493.88+/-848.51 pg/ml) and the healthy controls (3726.17+/-292.20pg/ml)(p0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results show the important role of the PDGF-BB mediated pathways in the pathogenesis of CWP. These data suggests that the PDGF-BB serum concentration is a useful biomarkers of the fibrotic extent in CWP patients.