Effects of different levels of distillers dried grains on nutritive values and growth performance in sheep

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding different levels of distillers dried corn [DDG] on nutritive value and rumen fermentation of sheep. Fifteen barki sheep [with average of 45 kg live body weight] were assigned randomly into 5 similar groups of 3 each to determine the digestibility coefficients and nutritive values. They were fed on the following experimental diets, control diet with [0% DDG] or diets formulated with 10% CP, 20% CP, 30% CP, and 40% CP from DDG, [which CP is the crude protein]. Results of digestibility trials indicated that sheep which fed 40% CP from DDG had significantly lowest digestibility coefficients, nutritive values and nitrogen utilization compared with other diets [at p<0.05]. Rumen liquor parameter indicated that, no significantly [at p<0,05] differences among diets in pH, while and total VFA's [volatile fatty acids] and microbial protein synthesis had significantly [at p<0.05] higher values for 20% CP from DDG. While ammonia- N concentration was decreased linearly with DDG increased

Thirty barki lambs were used to determine the weight performance. Lambs were weighed at the beginning of experimental period then at two weeks intervals

At the end of the experimental period which extended 90 days, the results showed that no significant differences were observed among all experimental diets in daily feed intake and feed conversion. Blood sample were taken in the final day of the experimental from the jugular vein before feeding, all plasma constituents were insignificantly increased by feeding diets containing different DDG levels. Relative economic efficiency was better for 20% CP from DDG compared with the other diets

role of modified and chelated cellulose for removal of copper from aqueous solution

This work describes preparation of new chelating materials derived from cellulose for adsorption of Cu+"ion from aqueous solutions. The first part involved treatment of cellulose with NaOH, NH4OH, citric acid, oxalic acid and ferric chloride and chelation processes. The products of the above treatments were subjected to elemental analysis, infrared spectra and X- ray powder diffraction. The second part consists of evaluating the adsorption capacity of the none- modified and modified materials for Cu[+] ions from aqueous solutions. Plence, influences of contact time. pH, and initial concentration of Cu[+], on the adsorption process were determined. Maximum adsorption capacities of the modified materials for Cu+2 ions ranged from 46.73 to 188.68, whereas for non-modified cellulose presented 14.33 mg g. The optimum pH value was found to be 6 and the reaction balance was reached after 75 min. Pseudo first and second order kinetic models were fitted to the obtained data indicating different mechanisms for Cu[+] bio-sorption. Among different models used to describe sorption and kinetics of the experimental data, the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models are found to better fit the results. We conclude that the chemically modified cellulose materials can be efficiently used to remove Cu[+] from aqueous solutions

role of modified and chelated cellulose for removal of copper from aqueous solution

This work describes preparation of new chelating materials derived from cellulose for adsorption of Cu[+] ion from aqueous solutions. The first part involved treatment of cellulose with NaOH, NH4OH, citric acid, oxalic acid and ferric chloride and chelation processes. The products of the above treatments were subjected to elemental analysis, infrared spectra and X- ray powder diffraction. The second part consists of evaluating the adsorption capacity of the none- modified and modified materials for Cu[+] ions from aqueous solutions. Hence, influences of contact time, pH, and initial concentration of Cu[+] , on the adsorption process were determined. Maximum adsorption capacities of the modified materials for Cu[+] ions ranged from 46.73 to 188.68, whereas for non-modified cellulose presented 14.33 mg g. The optimum pH value was found to be 6 and the reaction balance was reached after 75 min. Pseudo first and second order kinetic models were fitted to the obtained data indicating different mechanisms for Cu[+] bio-sorption. Among different models used to describe sorption and kinetics of the experimental data, the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models are found to better fit the results. We conclude that the chemically modified cellulose materials can be efficiently used to remove Cu[+] from aqueous solutions

Effects of different levels of distillers dried grains on nutrient digestion and rumen fermentation in sheep

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding different levels of distillers dried corn [DDG] on nutritive value and rumen fermentation of sheep. Fifteen barki sheep [with average of 45 kg live body weight] were assigned randomly into 5 similar groups of 3 each to determine the digestibility coefficients and nutritive values. They were fed on of the following experimental diets, control diet with [0% DDG] or diets formulated with 10% CP, 20% CP, 30% CP, and 40% CP from DDG, [which CP is the crude protein]. Results of digestibility trials indicated that sheep which fed 40% CP from DDG had significantly lowest digestibility coefficients, nutritive values and nitrogen utilization compared with other diets [at p<0.05]. Rumen liquor parameter indicated that, no significantly [at p<0.05] differences among diets in ammonia- N concentration and pH, while total VFA's [volatile fatty acids] and microbial protein synthesis had significantly [at p<0.05] higher values for 20% CP and 30% CP from DDG. Insignificant differences were observed among all experimental diets in daily feed intake and feed conversion. Lambs were weighed at the beginning of experimental period then at two weeks intervals. At the end of the experimental period which extended 120 days, six animals were used to determine the weight performance. Blood sample were taken in the final day of the experimental from the jugular vein before feeding, all plasma constituents were insignificantly increased by feeding diets containing different DDG levels. Relative economic efficiency was better for 20% CP and 30% CP from DDG compared with the other diets

role of pyrimidine, purine and'amino-acid complexes in nutrition

The complexes of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd with some pyrimidine, purine and amino acid ligands have been prepared and tested as feed [food] additives. Bioactivities of complexes have been examined against Salmonella typhimurium and Aspergillus flavus. The present complexes showed no antimicrobial activities against bacteria except Zn-methionine and Co-Ni adenine barbital complexes, which showed antimicrobial activity against Salmonella typhimurium. The chelates showed no antifungal activities, and were more effective against aflatoxin. The antitoxin activity was in the order: Zn-methionine [44.4%] > Zn- barbital and Zn-methionine barbital thiouracil [38.8%] > Co /Ni adenine barbital [27.7%] Mn-methionine barbital > [13.3%]> Mn-barbital [8.3%]. The free ligand [barbital], Cd-barbital, and Cd methionine barbital thiouracil complexes showed no antifungal activities