ABSTRACT
Objective: to determine the frequency of IgA nephropathy presenting at a tertiary care hospital
Study Design: a cross sectional, observational study
Place and Duration of Study: Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad and Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan, from November 2008 to November 2014
Methodology: this was a retrospective analysis of renal biopsies for the diagnosis of nephropathy during the study period. Biopsies were stained with fluorescence isothyocyanate [FITC] labelled antibodies against IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, C4 and C1q for fluorescent microscopy. For histopathological examination, the specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Periodic acid Schiff and methanamine silver stains for light microscopy
Results: out of total 1,658 renal biopsy cases, 142 [8.6%] were diagnosed as IgA nephropathy on light and immunofluorescence microscopy. Majority of IgA nephropathy patients were young [mean age = 33.2] and presented with proteinuria. The frequency rose from 2% in 2008 to 9.4% in 2014
Conclusion: IgA nephropathy was present in younger population and has a rising trend in our population
ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this study was to see echocardiographic findings of cardiac dysfunction in patients of chronic kidney disease [CKD] on hemodialysis
Study Design: Comparative cross sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of nephrology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences. Islamabad from September 2014 to February 2015
Patients and Methods: One hundred patients of either gender were included in this study. Fifty patients of chronic kidney disease stage V on hemodialysis were taken for echocardiography and fifty were normal. Echocardiography was done for cardiac dysfunction. Systolic function was measured by ejection fraction [EF] and fractional shortening [FS]. Diastolic function was measured by E/A ratio
Results: Out of 100 patients included in the study, 50 patients were on hemodialysis and 50 were control. Left ventricular end systolic and end diastolic volumes were higher in patients on hemodialysis than controls as well as left atrial enlargement and inter ventricular septum which was statistically significant. Ejection fraction, although normal and fractional shortening decreased in patients on hemodialysis [p<0.05]. Diastolic dysfunction was present in 36 patients on hemodialysis, while absent in the control group
Conclusion: Patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis have higher prevalence of cardiac dysfunction
ABSTRACT
A 24 years old male, who presented to us with uraemic symptoms secondary to chronic glomerulonephritis. On examination, he was found to have features of peripheral neuropathy which was confirmed as Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1 on nerve conduction studies. Very few cases of glomerular disease, mainly focal segmental glomerulosclerosis have been associated with the Charcot-Marie-Tooth worldwide