ABSTRACT
Although abdominal mass in neonates is not common, it is very critical to detect it promptly. 2/3 of neonatal abdominal masses belong to kidney. Correct diagnosis and immediate appropriate management can prevent morbidity and mortality. This study pays special attention to incidence, associated anomalies and mortality rate in those neonates who suffered from palpable kidney mass. During a period of 10 years 48250 neonates were examined for abdominal mass by neonatalogists or pediatric residents. Sonography in suspected cases of abdominal mass was performed to confirm the diagnosis. In all cases of neonatal death, autopsy was performed. Thirty out of 48250 neonates had abdominal mass presenting as nephromegaly [1/1600]. Polycystic kidneys [PCK] were the most common cause of renal enlargement followed by multicystic kidney disease [MCK] and hydronephrosis. It was revealed that renal mass contained most of abdominal mass in our study and mortality [73%] was higher than other reports. Also, we found that PCK was the most common abdominal mass in our cases. Lung hypoplasia was the most common cause of death in PCK cases