Comparative toxicological study between exposed and non-exposed farmers to organophosphorus pesticides

Objective: The purpose of this work was to compare DNA damage, acetylcholinesterase [AChE] activity, inflammatory markers and clinical symptoms in farmers exposed to organophosphorus pesticides to individuals that had no pesticide exposure

Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey with a total of 134 people. The subject group consisted of 67 farmers who were exposed to organophosphorus pesticides. The control group consisted of 67 people without any contact with pesticides matched with the subject group in terms of age, gender, and didactics. Oxidative DNA damage, the activities of AChE, interleukin-6 [IL6], IL10 and C-reactive protein [CRP] in serum were measured and clinical examinations conducted in order to register all clinical signs

Results: Compared with the control group, substantial gains were observed in the farmers' levels of oxidative DNA damage, IL10 and CRP. There was significantly less AChE activity in farmers exposed to organophosphorus pesticides. The levels of IL6 in both groups did not significantly differ

Conclusion: The outcomes show that exposure to organophosphorus pesticides may cause DNA oxidative damage, inhibit AChE activity and increase the serum levels of in-flammatory markers. Using biological materials instead of chemical pesticides and encouraging the use of safety equipment by farmers are some solutions to the adverse effects of exposure to organophosphorous pesticides

comparative study of genotoxicity and oxidative stress before and after using lemon balm and cinnamon in subjects exposed to nickel welding fumes

By producing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, metal-induced toxicity and carcinogenicity alter DNA bases, increase lipid peroxidation, and change calcium and sulfhydryl homeostasis. The purpose of the study was to investigate putative effects of Lemon balm and Cinnamomum zeylanicum on the blood markers of welding workers. We measured nickel and chromium levels, biochemical parameters, blood oxidative stress markers, total antioxidant capacity [TAC], Myeloperoxidase [MPO], lipid peroxidation [LPO], and DNA damage. The study was conducted on 55 male workers who worked in an industrial subjects exposed to Nickel Welding Fumes. The participants were administered Lemon balm and Cinnamon extract infusion 1.5 [0.12 extract] and 0.25[0.013 extract] g/100 mL, respectively, they have drunken twice a day for 30 days at 7:00 AM and 2:00 PM every day. In order to analyze the achieved data, paired t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient have been used. After using the extract infusion, a significant increase revealed in TAC [p= 0.007]. Also, administration of infusion decreased DNA damage but it was not statistically significant. After administration of infusion, a decrease in LPO and MPO were observed [p= 0.014, p=0.000 respectively]. Also there is positive correlation between ALP and Ni with 8-oH-dG and also, between Ni and TAC. The results indicate that using infusion causes to raise in a TAC and reduce in DNA damage