ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Dengue infection is an arthropod borne disease caused by Dengue virus in humans. Dengue virus infection has more potential to produce severe form of the disease with more severe symptoms. Proper diagnosis of dengue fever is very important for its safe management.The objective of this study was to evaluate the non structural protein-1 [NS1] positive parameter for identification of dengue fever by using ELISA from 2013 dengue outbreak in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted among 384 patients tested for dengue admitted to different hospitals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa April to December 2013 with symptoms related to classical dengue fever. Written informed consent was taken from 100 NS1 positive diagnosed patients, and 3 to 5 ml blood sample was collected for confirmation through ELISA testing. ELISA test for dengue IgG and IgM was performed two time in order to confirm the dengue cases. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 16
Result: The study performed on 100 NS1 positive samples of patients, admitted to hospitals with symptoms related to classical dengue fever, indicated that after performing the IgM and IgG capture ELISA test only 76 samples were actually found positive for dengue. The rest of the 24 samples were found negative for both IgM and IgG capture ELISAs. The study also revealed that 90.8 % patients had primary dengue infection and 35.5% patients had secondary dengue infection. Most patients were between the age of 10-20 years [26%], among them19.7% were having primary dengue infection. Among 10-20 years of age 50% female patients were false dengue patients
Conclusion: About 24 % NSI protein positive samples were found negative for both IgM and IgG capture ELISAs showed that NS1protein positivity does not confirm actual dengue infection
ABSTRACT
Present work is aimed to compare the physicochemical characterization and biochemical effects of oil extracted from Silybum Marianum and Sunflower oil, collected from Peshawar [Pakistan]. To investigate the comparative effects on the body weight, organ weight and lipid profile, the crude oil of Silybum marianum, edible sunflower oil and vegetable ghee were given to three groups of rabbits under study. Percent proximate composition and food consumption of all rabbits were determined which showed no significant statistical variation. There is no data available about Silybum marianum oil on animal model in literature. This study clearly revealed that oil from Silybum marianum significantly reduces plasma cholesterol level in rabbits. A threefold higher Triglyceride levels was observed in vegetable ghee feeding groups compared with the sunflower and Silybum marianum oil feeding groups. The crude oil of Silybum marianum was found to be safe in rabbits compared with sunflower oil and vegetable ghee. The results of these studies revealed most valuable information and also support the refining and purification to convert this non-edible oil to edible oil
ABSTRACT
Fungi is somewhere in between the micro and macro organisms which is a good source of producing biologically active secondary metabolites. Fungi have been used as tool for producing different types of secondary metabolites by providing different nutrients at different laboratory conditions. The fungi have been engineered for the desired secondary metabolites by using different laboratory techniques, for example, homologous and heterologous expressions. This review reported how the fungi are used as chemical industry for the production of secondary metabolites and how they are engineered in laboratory for the production of desirable metabolites; also the biosynthetic pathways of the bio-organic-molecules were reported.
ABSTRACT
Zinc deficiency is a commonly reported health problem throughout the world. This cross sectional survey was conducted in rural Peshawar with an aim to estimate the prevalence of zinc deficiency in women of child bearing age and find its association with age, marital, pregnancy status and parity. Data was collected from 353 women age 15-45 years. EPI INFO version 6.04 was used for data analysis. Overall 98 [27.8%] women were zinc deficient [
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Prevalence , Pregnant Women , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dietary Supplements , Data CollectionABSTRACT
In the study of effect of physical treatments, such as washing and heating, on the AFB[1] contaminated wheat varieties, it was observed that the reduction of AFB[1] was directly proportional to washing time in all the varieties. The concentration of AFB[1] was reduced more by heating than washing. The level of AFB[1] in dried wheat decreased to more than 50% and 90% by heating in oven at 150 and 200 [degree sign] C, respectively. However, the reduction of AFB[1] in wet wheat in which water [10%] was intentionally added was higher on heating at 100 [degree sign] C for 30 min than that in the dried wheat
Subject(s)
Triticum , Heating , Food Contamination/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Eclampsia is a potentially fatal disorder of pregnancy and an important cause of maternal mortality throughout the world. To find out the frequency of eclampsia and its maternal complications in a public sector hospital. This prospective descriptive study was performed in the gynaecology unit "A" of Lady Reading hospital Peshawar. The study included all patients who presented with eclampsia to this unit in one year. The diagnosis was based on convulsions, hypertension and albuminuria. The list of complications included visual, cerebrovascular, cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, haemostatic and hepatic. Obstetrical and minor complications were not recorded. During the study period a total of 3090 patients were delivered in the unit with 96 cases being diagnosed as eclamptics [3.1%]. Complications were seen in 46[48%] patients. Of 96 cases 11[11.5%] died. Most of the patients who died had more than one complication. Eclampsia is a serious threat to pregnant females and needs to be picked earlier and treated promptly