ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the anti-hyperglycemic effects of interleukin-1 inhibitor (diacerein) in alloxan induced diabetic albino wistar rats. This experimental study was performed at the Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tando Jam within 6 months from April 2016 to September 2016. Total of 160 adult Albino Wistar Rats having an average of 200 to 300 grams body weights were selected. Animals were categorized into 4 groups as; Group A (n=15): Control rats – receive 0.9% normal saline as placebo Experimental Groups Group B (n=15): Experimental Control (Diabetic rats) - Alloxan50 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneal. Group C (n=15): Diabetic rats + Diacerein (30 mg/kg/day) orally daily. Group D (n=15): Diabetic rats + Diacerein (50 mg/kg/day) orally daily. Animals were kept and treated as per the NIH Guideline for Use and Care of Laboratory Animals. Diabetes mellitus was induced via a single intraperitoneal injection of 50 milligram/kg alloxan monohydrated dissolved in aseptic 0.9% saline. After 72 hours, blood specimens were taken from the caudal vein of the rats and glucose level>200 mg/dL was taken as diabetes. Experimental rats were given diacerein approximately 30 and 50 mg orally for 6 weeks. At the completion of experiment the body weight was measured of each animal by electronic measuring balance and blood sample was taken from each animal of all groups to assess the blood glucose level and HbA1c level. Data were recorded via self-made proforma and analysis was done by using SPSS version 20. Results: Average body weight of Diabetic control (Group B) was 193.33±22.50 grams, which was lower in contrast to Diacerein treated group C 202.47±25.70 grams and significantly lower as compared to Diacerein treated group D as 212.6±23.43 grams. A significant increase in blood glucose levels 182.07±10.63 mg/dl was noted in the Diabetic control (Group B) compared to Diacerein treated group C (110.13± 8.54 mg/dl) and group D (85.87±8.41 mg/dl) (P=0.001). HbA1c was markedly raised in the Group B- diabetic controls, while diacerein treated diabetic rats (groups C and D) showed a significant decrease in HbA1c (P=0.001). Conclusion: It was concluded that Diacerein achieves the Euglycemic state by reducing the levels of blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in Alloxan-Induced diabetes mellitus in Wistar Albino Rats
ABSTRACT
An antifungal compound 9, 10-dihydrophenanthrene - 2 - carboxylic acid was isolated from a marine derived bacterium Pseudomonas putida isolated from surface water samples of Karachi fish harbor coast line. The structure was explored using extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic techniques. The compound was found to be active against fungal strains obtained from clinical samples whereas strong activity was noted against Candida albicans with a MIC value of 20microg/ml, as the purified compound showed promising anticandidal activity a multidisciplinary approach is needed to explore further this compound as potential pharmacological lead compound against Candida spp and will add in the global hunt for clinically functional antifungal agents
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To analyze antiphospholipid antibodies in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion
Study design: A Case-control study
Place and duration: Isra University and Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro from 1st June to 31st December 2010
Methodology: Sixty three subjects with history of three spontaneous abortions in their first three months of pregnancy were included in this study and 63 women of corresponding age, with one or more alive babies having no record of any first trimester spontaneous abortion were taken as controls. Coagulation tests platelet count, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastic time were done by standard methods. Antiphospholipid Antibodieswere estimated by ELISA method using specific kits
Results: Mean serum Antiphospholipid antibodies level was 7.10 +/- 3.47 in patients and 6.30 +/- 2.02 in controls. The difference in serum level of two groups was significant. Mean platelet count; mean prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time revealed no significant difference between patients and controls
Conclusion: There is strong association of antiphospholipid antibodies in the patients having recurrent spontaneous abortions so there is a strong need of including this test in the primary screening of such disease in the pregnant women who have history of previous abortion
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Recognition of fatal coagulopathies in patients with carcinoma of prostate by carrying out platelet count, PT and APTT
Study Design: A case-control study
PLACE AND DURATION: Samples collected from patients attending ISRA University Hospital, Hyderabad, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Hospital Hyderabad and NIMRA Jamshoro from June 2011 to November 2011. Study was conducted in the Pathology department, ISRA University Hospital, Hyderabad. Duration of study was six months
Methodology: Cases were patients with prostatic carcinoma who were diagnosed on biopsy examination. Controls were normal healthy randomly selected age matched adult males from Hyderabad without prostatic carcinoma. A total of one hundred subjects were included in the study. They were divided in two groups as follows; Group-I: Patients-Diagnosed cases of carcinoma of prostate. Group - II: Control - Normal subjects of the same age group
Results: A total number of 50 cases with the history of prostatic carcinoma were included according to the criteria mentioned in the material and method section. The frequencies of different variables were taken for platelet count, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. In Group -1 [Cases], the mean platelet count was 197.52 x 10[3] in patients with advance age and in Group - II [Controls], the mean platelet count was 286.06 x 10[3]. The mean platelet count of cases and control is shown in Table -1.In the Group -1 [Cases] the mean PT value was 16.95 seconds and in Group - II [Controls] the mean PT value was 11.92 seconds. The mean PT of cases and control is shown in Table - II. In the Group -1 [Cases] the mean APTT value was 36.88 seconds and in Group - II [Controls] the mean APTT value was 30.94 seconds. The mean APTT of cases and control is shown in Table-III
Conclusion: Early analysis and recognition of coagulopathies in patients with carcinoma of prostate by carrying out platelet count, PT and APTT should be sorted out to help the patients in terms of treatment or diagnosis or prevention of fatal complications. Disseminated intravascular coagulation is the most frequently reported disorder but, in spite of its long-time recognition, its treatment remains controversial. Our results suggest that platelet count; PT and APTT are altered in patients with prostate cancer. Further study is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanism and clinical significances of such a phenomenon among patients with prostate cancer
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to assess the repeat film rate and major causes of artefacts, which are major sources of unnecessary patient irradiation in a radiology department. In this study a total number of 2542 x-ray examination were carried out in a period of six months. Out of this, 81 patients were re-examined due to unacceptable results. To avoid repeat film and unnecessary patient irradiation, aggressive quality control program must be instituted in radiology departments. This includes equipment procurement and maintenance, proper reception, procurement and maintenance, proper reception, preparation and registration of patients, expertise of radiographers and efficient processing procedures. Repeat rate estimation on quarterly basis is an important requirement of quality control program